Takarda, Wikipedia ya bayyana ta a matsayin masana'anta mara saƙa da aka yi da zaren shuka wanda za'a iya naɗewa yadda ake so don rubutu.
Tarihin takarda tarihi ne na wayewar ɗan adam. Tun daga fitowar takarda a daular Han ta Yamma, zuwa ga ingantuwar yin takarda da Cai Lun ya yi a daular Han ta Gabas, kuma a yanzu, takarda ba ta zama mai daukar hoto kawai ba, amma ana iya amfani da ita don wasu dalilai kamar bugu. marufi, masana'antu, da rayuwa.
A cikin wannan fitowar, bari mu kalli mahimman abubuwan dubawa/dubawa gabaɗaya da hukunce-hukuncen lahani na gama gari na samfuran takarda.
Iyakar aikace-aikace
Kayayyakin da wannan jagorar ya shafi sun haɗa da: takarda al'adu, takarda fasaha na masana'antu da aikin gona, takarda marufi da takarda na gida. Takardar da ake shigo da ita ƙasarmu ta fi yawan takardan al'adu (wadda, takarda mai rufi, takarda offset, takarda rubutu) da takarda marufi (kraft cardboard, farin kwali, takarda tushe, farar kwali, cellophane, da sauransu).
02 Dubawa mayar da hankali
| Bayyanar
Bayyanar takarda shine muhimmiyar mahimmanci wajen ƙayyade ingancin takarda. Ba wai kawai yana shafar bayyanar takarda ba, amma wasu lahani na bayyanar kuma suna shafar amfani da takarda.
Jagoran Duba Gabaɗaya don Kayayyakin Takarda
Binciken ingancin bayyanar takarda ya fi ɗaukar hanyoyin duba ido-da-ido, dubawa mai lebur, duba squint da duba taɓa hannu. Ana buƙatar farfajiyar takarda don zama mai laushi da tsabta, kuma babu folds, wrinkles, lalacewa, shinge mai wuya, wuraren watsa haske, ma'aunin kifin kifi, aberration na chromatic, nau'i daban-daban da alamun ulu na bayyane. Lura: Ana gudanar da duba ingancin bayyanar takarda da aka shigo da shi daidai da tanadi na ZBY32033-90.
| Abubuwan Jiki
Mahimmin batu: Bukatun takarda daban-daban sun bambanta bisa ga rarrabuwa
Rubutun Labarai: Rubutun jarida yana buƙatar takarda ta zama mai laushi kuma mai matsewa, kuma saman takarda ya kamata ya zama abin sha. Don tabbatar da cewa tawada bugu na iya bushewa da sauri yayin aikin bugu. Ana buƙatar sassan biyu na takarda suna da santsi, kauri yana da daidaituwa, rashin daidaituwa yana da kyau, bugu ba shi da lint, ba ya liƙa farantin, ƙirar ta bayyana, kuma babu wani lahani na hangen nesa. Don takardar birgima, ana buƙatar ƙarshen nadi biyu don samun matsi iri ɗaya, ƴan haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfi mai kyau, don biyan buƙatun bugu na injunan bugu na juyawa mai sauri.
Bukatun inganci don takarda mai rufi: santsi. Dole ne fuskar takarda ta kasance mai santsi sosai, ta yadda za ta iya zama cikakkiyar hulɗa tare da fuskar allo na farantin tagulla a lokacin bugawa, don samun kyawawan layi mai laushi da haske, waɗanda suke da gaske a siffar da kuma faranta wa ido.
Takardar farar fata: Takardar farar fata gabaɗaya tana buƙatar tsattsauran rubutu, santsi mai santsi, daidaiton kauri, babu lint akan saman takarda, ɗaukar hoto mai kyau da ƙaramin shimfiɗa don saduwa da buƙatun buƙatun launuka masu yawa. Domin biyan buƙatun yin akwatin, takardar farar fata ya kamata ta kasance da halaye na tsayin daka da juriya mai ƙarfi.
Kwali na Kraft: Kwali kraft kwali ne da aka yi amfani da shi musamman don marufin kayayyaki na waje, don haka rubutun takarda dole ne ya zama mai tauri, kuma ƙarfin fashewa, ƙarfin damtse zobe da digirin yage dole ne ya zama babba. Bugu da ƙari, ya kamata ya kasance yana da tsayin daka na ruwa, ta yadda ƙarfin ba zai ragu sosai ba saboda yawan adadin danshi, wanda zai haifar da lalacewa ga kwali a lokacin jigilar teku ko ajiyar sanyi. Hakanan yakamata ya kasance yana da ɗan santsi don kwali na kraft wanda ke buƙatar amfani da bugu.
Takardar gindin da aka yi gyare-gyare: Takardar gindin da aka ƙera tana buƙatar ingantaccen ƙarfin haɗin fiber, farfajiyar takarda mai santsi, da tsayin daka da taurin kai. Ana buƙatar wani nau'i na elasticity don kula da ƙarfin juriya da ƙarfin ƙarfin da aka samar. Saboda haka, fashe ƙarfi da zobe ƙarfi matsa lamba (ko lebur matsawa ƙarfi) su ne manyan alamomin nuna ƙarfin corrugated tushe takarda. Bugu da kari, ya kamata a sarrafa ma'aunin danshi. Idan abin da ke cikin danshi ya yi ƙanƙanta, takarda za ta yi rauni, kuma za a yi fashewa a lokacin aikin corrugating. Abubuwan da ke cikin ruwa da yawa zai kawo matsaloli ga sarrafawa. Gabaɗaya, abun ciki na danshi ya kamata ya kasance kusan 10%.
Cellophane: Cellophane ne m a launi, mai haske a cikin takarda surface, uniform a kauri, taushi da kuma mikewa. Zai kumbura kuma ya yi laushi bayan an jika shi a cikin ruwa, kuma yana raguwa a zahiri bayan bushewa. Bugu da ƙari, saboda daidaitaccen tsari na cellulose microcrystals a cikin madaidaiciyar shugabanci, ƙarfin tsayin daka na takarda yana da girma, kuma madaidaicin madaidaicin ƙarami ne, kuma idan akwai tsagewa, za a karya shi da ƙananan ƙarfi. Cellophane yana da kaddarorin rashin ƙarfi, rashin ƙarfi na mai da rashin ƙarfi na ruwa.
Takarda bugu na Offset: Ana amfani da takarda mai lalacewa don wuce gona da iri. Bugu da ƙari ga buƙatar mai kyau fari da ƙananan ƙura, yana da buƙatu mafi girma don ƙunƙun takarda, ƙarfin ƙarfi da juriya na nadawa. Lokacin bugawa, saman takardar ba ya zubar da lint, foda, ko buga ta. Yana da buƙatu iri ɗaya kamar takarda mai rufi.
03
Lalacewar bayanin da hukunci
| Kunshin tallace-tallace
Mayar da hankali: Marufi da hanyoyin marufi
Lalacewar da ka'idojin shari'a masu alaƙa da tallace-tallace da tattara samfuran takarda sune kamar haka:
Bayanin lahani yana haifar da mummunan fakitin samfuran da ba daidai ba /*/
| Lakabi / Alama / Bugawa
Mayar da hankali: Lakabi, bugu don fakitin tallace-tallace da samfuran
Description Description Mutuwar Mummunan Ƙaramin Samfurin da aka tallata a Turai da Amurka: Babu bayanin sinadarai *// Samfur da aka tallata a cikin Amurka: Babu ƙasar asalin bayanin *// Samfur da aka tallata a cikin Amurka: Babu sunan masana'anta/lambar rajista* //
| Tsarin samarwa
Mahimmin batu: Ko takardar da ta cancanta ta lalace, da sauransu.
Lalacewar da ka'idojin shari'a da suka danganci tsarin samarwa sune kamar haka:
Bayanin Lalacewa Mai Mutuwar Mummunar Lalacewar Takarda da dai sauransu Pulp blocks da sauran hard blocks/**
| Binciken samfurin bayan-latsa
Mayar da hankali: tabo samfurin bayan bugu, wrinkles, da sauransu.
Lalacewar da ka'idojin shari'a masu alaƙa da samfuran bayan jarida sune kamar haka:
Lalacewar bayanin m mai tsanani qananan mottled /** wrinkled/**carbureted da ruwa/**karye shafi*// kasa page*//
| Bayyanar
Mabuɗin mahimmanci: Bayyanar alamun ulu, da dai sauransu.
Abubuwan da ke da alaƙa da bayyanar da ma'aunin hukunci sune kamar haka:
Description Description M Matuƙar Tsananin Ƙananan Jikin Alamun/** Alamomin Inuwar Couch Roll/**Gloss Streaks/**
04
Gwaji a wurin
A yayin binciken samfuran takarda, ana buƙatar gwaje-gwajen kan layi masu zuwa:
| Duban nauyin samfur
Jagoran Duba Gabaɗaya don Kayayyakin Takarda
Mahimmin batu: nauyin gram yana bincika ko nauyin gram ya isa
Yawan Gwajin: Akalla samfurori 3 don kowane salo.
Bukatun dubawa: Auna samfurin kuma yi rikodin ainihin bayanai; duba bisa ga buƙatun nauyi da aka bayar ko bayanin nauyi da haƙuri akan kayan marufi na samfur.
| Duba Kauri Takarda
Mahimmin batu: Ko kauri ya cika buƙatun
Yawan Gwajin: Akalla samfurori 3 kowane salo.
Bukatun dubawa: yi ma'aunin kauri na samfur da yin rikodin ainihin bayanai; bincika gwargwadon buƙatun kauri da aka bayar ko bayanin kauri da haƙuri akan kayan marufi na samfur.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-04-2022