Takarda, Wikipedia ya bayyana ta a matsayin wani abu mara saƙa da aka yi da zaren shuka wanda za a iya naɗewa yadda ake so kuma a yi amfani da shi wajen rubutu.
Tarihin takarda tarihi ne na wayewar ɗan adam. Tun daga fitowar takarda a daular Han ta Yamma zuwa ga ingantacciyar fasahar yin takarda ta Cai Lun a daular Han ta Gabas, kuma a yanzu, takarda ba ta zama mai ɗaukar rubutu kawai ba, amma ana iya amfani da ita don wasu dalilai kamar bugu, marufi, masana'antu. , da kuma rayuwar yau da kullum.
01 Iyakar aikace-aikace
Abubuwan da suka dace sun haɗa da: takarda al'adu, takarda fasaha na masana'antu da aikin noma, takarda marufi da takarda na gida.
Takardun da kasara ta shigo da su galibi sun hada da takardan al'adu (wasikar labarai, takarda mai rufi, takardar kashewa, takardar rubutu) da takardan marufi (takardar kraft, farar allo, takarda mai tushe, farar kwali, cellophane, da sauransu).
02 Mahimman Abubuwan Dubawa
Bayyanar
Mayar da hankali: bayyanar
M, mai tsabta, da sauransu.
Bayyanar takarda shine muhimmiyar mahimmanci wajen ƙayyade ingancin takarda. Ba wai kawai yana shafar kyawun takarda ba, amma wasu lahani na bayyanar kuma zai shafi amfani da takarda.
Binciken ingancin bayyanar takarda yana amfani da duban haske, duban haske mai lebur, duba squint da duba hannu. Ana buƙatar saman takarda don zama santsi da tsabta, kuma babu folds, wrinkles, lalacewa, tubalan mai wuya, wuraren watsa haske, ma'aunin kifin kifi, bambance-bambancen launi, nau'i daban-daban da alamun ji a bayyane.
Lura: Ana gudanar da duba ingancin bayyanar takarda da aka shigo da shi daidai da ZBY32033-90.
Kaddarorin jiki
Mayar da hankali: ta hanyar rarrabawa
Takardu daban-daban suna da buƙatu daban-daban
Rubutun Jarida: Jarida yana buƙatar takarda mai laushi kuma mai matsewa, kuma saman takarda ya kamata ya zama mai ɗaukar nauyi sosai. Don tabbatar da cewa tawada bugu na iya bushewa da sauri yayin aikin bugu. Ana buƙatar takarda don zama mai santsi a bangarorin biyu, daidaitaccen kauri, tare da kyawu mai kyau, babu lint ko smear yayin bugawa, bayyanannun alamu, kuma babu lahani na hangen nesa. Takardar jujjuyawar tana buƙatar madaidaicin matsewa a duka ƙarshen nadi, ƴan haɗin gwiwa, da ƙarfin ɗaure mai kyau don daidaitawa da buƙatun buƙatun na'urorin bugu na juyawa masu sauri.
Bukatun inganci don takarda mai rufi: santsi. Dole ne fuskar takarda ta kasance mai santsi sosai don ta kasance cikin cikakkiyar hulɗa tare da fuskar allo na farantin jan karfe yayin bugawa, ta haka ne samun tsari mai laushi da haske mai kyau tare da siffa ta gaske da haske mai daɗi.
Farar allo takarda: White takarda takarda gabaɗaya na buƙatar m rubutu, santsi surface, m kauri, lint-free takarda surface, mai kyau absorbency da kananan fadada kudi daidaita da bukatun na Multi-launi overprinting. Domin biyan buƙatun yin akwatin, takardar farar fata ya kamata ta kasance da halaye na tsayin daka da juriya mai ƙarfi.
Takarda kraft: Takarda kraft kwali ne da aka yi amfani da shi musamman don marufi, don haka rubutun takarda dole ne ya zama mai tauri, tare da ƙarfin fashewa, ƙarfin murkushe zobe da ƙarfin tsagewa. Bugu da ƙari, ya kamata ya kasance yana da tsayin daka na ruwa ta yadda a lokacin sufurin teku ko ajiyar sanyi, ƙarfin ba zai ragu sosai ba saboda yawan yawan danshi, yana haifar da lalacewa ga kwali. Takardar kraft ɗin da ake buƙatar amfani da ita don bugu shima ya kamata ta sami ɗan santsi.
Takardar gindin da aka yi gyare-gyare: Takardar gindin da aka ƙera tana buƙatar ingantaccen ƙarfin haɗin fiber, farfajiyar takarda mai santsi, da tsayin daka da taurin kai. Ana buƙatar wani nau'i na elasticity don kula da ƙarfin ƙarfi da ƙarfin juriya na kwali da aka yi. Don haka, ƙarfin fashewa da ƙarfin murkushe zobe (ko ƙarfin murkushe lebur) sune manyan alamomin da ke nuna ƙarfin takarda tushe. Bugu da kari, dole ne a sarrafa ma'aunin danshi. Idan abun cikin damshin ya yi ƙanƙanta sosai, takardar za ta yi rauni kuma tana iya karyewa yayin sarrafa corrugate. Yawan danshi zai haifar da matsaloli wajen sarrafawa. Gabaɗaya, abun ciki na danshi ya kamata ya kasance kusan 10%.
Cellophane: Cellophane ne m a launi, haske a saman, uniform a kauri, taushi da kuma mikewa. Zai kumbura kuma ya yi laushi bayan an nutsar da shi cikin ruwa, kuma a dabi'ance zai ragu bayan ya bushe. Yana da yawan shan ruwa kuma yana da saurin kamuwa da wrinkles har ma da mannewa lokacin da aka fallasa shi ga danshi. Bugu da ƙari, saboda daidaitaccen tsari na microcrystals cellulose a cikin madaidaiciyar shugabanci, ƙarfin tsayin daka na takarda yana da girma kuma jagorar juyawa yana da ƙananan. Idan akwai fasa, zai karye a ƙarƙashin ƙaramin ƙarfi. Cellophane yana da iska, mai kauri kuma yana da ruwa.
Takarda bugu na Offset: Ana amfani da takarda mai lalacewa don wuce gona da iri. Bugu da ƙari ga fari mai kyau da ƙarancin ƙura, yana kuma da manyan buƙatu don ƙunsar takarda, ƙarfin ɗaure, da juriya na nadewa. Lokacin bugawa, saman takarda ba ya zubar da lint, foda, ko bugu ta hanyar. Abubuwan da ake buƙata daidai suke da na takarda mai rufi.
03Bayyanawa da hukunci
| Kunshin tallace-tallace
Mayar da hankali: marufi
Shiryawa
Rashin lahani da ma'aunin hukunci masu alaƙa da fakitin tallace-tallace na takarda sune kamar haka:
| Bayanin lahani | Mahimmanci | Manyan | Ƙananan |
| Marufi mara inganci | / | * | / |
| Lakabi/Annotation/Bugu
Mayar da hankali: lakabi, bugu
Marukunin tallace-tallace da samfuran manufa
| Bayanin lahani | Mahimmanci | Manyan | Ƙananan |
| Kayayyakin da aka kasuwa a Turai da Amurka: Babu bayanin sinadarai | * | / | / |
| Kayayyakin da aka kasuwa a Amurka: Babu bayanin ƙasar asali | * | / | / |
| Kayayyakin da aka kasuwa a Amurka: Babu sunan masana'anta/lambar rajista | * | / | / |
| Hanyoyin samarwa
Mayar da hankali: Shin ya cancanta?
Takardar da ta lalace, da sauransu.
Rashin lahani da ma'auni na yanke hukunci dangane da tsarin samarwa sune kamar haka:
| Bayanin lahani | Mahimmanci | Manyan | Ƙananan |
| Takardar da ta lalace, da sauransu. | / | * | / |
| tabo | / | * | * |
| ramuka/ramuka | / | * | / |
| kumburi / wrinkles | / | * | * |
| Karya banki | / | * | / |
| gibi | / | * | / |
| kunnen kare | / | * | * |
| Datti | / | * | * |
| mai gani | / | * | * |
| Bangaren ɓangaren litattafan almara da sauran tubalan masu wuya | / | * | * |
| Binciken samfurin bayan-latsa
Mayar da hankali: samfuran bayan-latsa
Spots, wrinkles, da dai sauransu.
Rashin lahani da ma'aunin hukunci da suka shafi samfuran bugu sune kamar haka:
| Bayanin lahani | Mahimmanci | Manyan | Ƙananan |
| piebald | / | * | * |
| Wrinkles | / | * | * |
| Chemical mai da ruwa | / | * | * |
| Shafukan da suka karye | * | / | / |
| Shafuka kaɗan | * | / | / |
Na waje
Mayar da hankali: bayyanar
Alamun ji, da sauransu.
Abubuwan da ke da alaƙa da bayyanar da ma'aunin hukunci sune kamar haka:
| Bayanin lahani | Mahimmanci | Manyan | Ƙananan |
| alamun ji | / | * | * |
| Mirgine alamun inuwa | / | * | * |
| sheki mai sheki | / | * | * |
04 gwajin kan-site
Yayin aikin duba samfuran takarda, ana buƙatar gwaje-gwajen kan layi masu zuwa:
| Binciken nauyin samfurin
Mayar da hankali: duba nauyi
Shin nauyin ya isa?
Yawan gwaji: aƙalla samfurori 3 don kowane salon.
Bukatun dubawa:
Auna samfurori da rikodin ainihin bayanai;
Bincika akan buƙatun nauyi da aka bayar ko bayanin nauyi da haƙuri akan kayan marufi.
| Binciken kauri na takarda
Mayar da hankali: kauri
shin ya kai abin da ake bukata
Yawan gwaji: aƙalla samfurori 3 don kowane salon.
Bukatun dubawa:
Gudanar da ma'aunin kauri na samfur da yin rikodin ainihin bayanai;
Bincika akan buƙatun kauri da aka bayar ko bayanin kauri da haƙuri akan kayan marufi.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-23-2024