PVC ta kasance mafi girman babban manufar robobi a duniya wajen samarwa kuma ana amfani da ita sosai.Ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin kayan gini, samfuran masana'antu, abubuwan yau da kullun, fata na ƙasa, fale-falen fale-falen ƙasa, fata na wucin gadi, bututu, wayoyi da igiyoyi, fina-finai na marufi, kwalabe, kayan kumfa, kayan rufewa, fibers, da sauran filayen.
Duk da haka, a ranar 27 ga Oktoba, 2017, an riga an tattara jerin sunayen cututtukan daji da Hukumar Bincike kan Ciwon daji ta Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta buga da farko, kuma an haɗa PVC a cikin jerin nau'in ciwon daji na Class 3.Vinyl chloride, a matsayin albarkatun kasa don haɗin PVC, an jera su a cikin jerin carcinogen Class I.
01 Tushen abubuwan vinyl chloride a cikin samfuran takalma
Vinyl chloride, kuma aka sani da vinyl chloride, wani fili ne na kwayoyin halitta tare da dabarar sinadarai C2H3Cl.Yana da mahimmanci monomer a cikin sunadarai na polymer kuma ana iya samun shi daga ethylene ko acetylene.An fi amfani dashi don kera homopolymers da copolymers na polyvinyl chloride.Hakanan ana iya haɗa shi da vinyl acetate, butadiene, da sauransu, kuma yana iya zama.ana amfani da shi azaman cirewa don dyes da kayan yaji.Hakanan za'a iya amfani dashi azaman comomer don polymers daban-daban.Ko da yake vinyl chloride abu ne mai mahimmanci a cikin masana'antar filastik, ana iya amfani dashi azaman refrigerant, da dai sauransu. Hakanan ana iya amfani dashi azaman cirewa don rini da kayan yaji.A cikin samar da takalma da kayan tufafi, ana amfani da chloride na vinyl don samar da polyvinyl chloride (PVC) da vinyl polymers, wanda zai iya zama kayan aiki mai wuya ko sassauƙa.Abubuwan da za a iya amfani da su na PVC sun haɗa da bugu na allo na filastik, kayan aikin filastik, da sutura iri-iri a kan fata, fata na roba, da yadi.
Sauran vinyl chloride monomer a cikin kayan da aka haɗa daga vinyl chloride za a iya saki a hankali a cikin kayan, wanda ke da tasiri ga lafiyar mabukaci da yanayin muhalli.
02 Haɗari na abubuwan vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride na iya shiga cikin halayen smog na photochemical a cikin yanayi, amma saboda ƙarfinsa mai ƙarfi, yana da sauƙi ga photolysis a cikin yanayi.Vinyl chloride monomer yana haifar da haɗari iri-iri ga ma'aikata da masu siye, dangane da nau'in monomer da hanyar fallasa.Chloroethylene iskar gas ce mara launi a dakin da zafin jiki, tare da ɗan zaki a kusan 3000 ppm.M (na ɗan gajeren lokaci) fallasa zuwa babban taro na vinyl chloride a cikin iska na iya yin tasiri akan tsarin juyayi na tsakiya (CNS),kamar dizziness, bacci, da ciwon kai.Shakar dogon lokaci da fallasa ga vinyl chloride na iya haifar da ciwon hanta.
A halin yanzu, kasuwannin Turai da Amurka sun mayar da hankali kan yin amfani da vinyl chloride monomers a cikin kayan PVC da kayansu, kuma sun aiwatar da tsarin doka.Yawancin sanannun samfuran ƙasashen duniya suna buƙatar hana kayan PVC a cikin samfuran mabukaci.Idan PVC ko kayan da ke dauke da PVC sun zama dole saboda dalilai na fasaha, abun ciki na vinyl chloride monomers a cikin kayan dole ne a sarrafa shi.Ƙungiyar Gudanarwar RSL ta Ƙasashen Duniya don Tufafi da Takalmi AFIRM, 7th Edition 2022, yana buƙatar cewaabun cikin VCM a cikin kayan kada ya wuce 1ppm.
Ya kamata masana'antun da masana'antu su karfafa tsarin sarrafa kayayyaki,tare da musamman mai da hankali kan da sarrafa abun ciki na vinyl chloride monomers a cikin kayan PVC, bugu na allo na filastik, abubuwan filastik, da kuma kayan kwalliyar PVC daban-daban akan fata, fata na roba, da yadi..A lokaci guda kuma, ya zama dole a mai da hankali ga haɓaka hanyoyin samar da kayayyaki, haɓaka tsarin gudanarwa mai inganci, da ƙara haɓaka matakin amincin samfur da ingancin don biyan buƙatun sarrafawa masu dacewa.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-14-2023