ʻAʻole i liʻuliʻu ma mua, ua hoʻonohonoho kahi mea hana a mākou i lawelawe ai i kā lākou mau mea hana e hoʻāʻo i ka lāʻau ʻino. Eia naʻe, ua ʻike ʻia ua ʻike ʻia ʻo APEO i nā mea. Ma ke noi a ka mea kālepa, ua kōkua mākou iā lākou i ka ʻike ʻana i ke kumu o ka nui o ka APEO i nā mea a hana i nā hoʻomaikaʻi. ʻO ka hope, ua hala kā lākou huahana i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i nā mea ʻino.
I kēia lā, e hoʻolauna mākou i kekahi mau countermeasures inā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea ʻino i nā mea huahana kāmaʻa.
ʻO Phthalates
ʻO ka Phthalate esters ka huaʻōlelo maʻamau no nā huahana i loaʻa ma ka hopena o ka phthalic anhydride me nā waiʻona.Hiki iā ia ke hoʻopalupalu i ka plastic, hoʻemi i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka plastic, a maʻalahi ka hana a me ke ʻano. ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā phthalates i nā mea pāʻani a nā keiki, nā polyvinyl chloride plastics (PVC), a me nā adhesives, adhesives, detergents, lubricants, screen printing, heat transfer printing inks, plastic inks, and PU coatings.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Phthalates e like me nā mea ʻawaʻawa reproductive e ka European Union, a loaʻa iā ia nā ʻano hormone kūlohelohe, e like me ka estrogen, hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka endocrine kanaka, hoʻemi i ka nui o ka semen a me ka sperm, haʻahaʻa ka sperm motility, morphology sperm he abnormal, a ma ke koʻikoʻi. ʻO nā hihia e alakaʻi i ka maʻi kanesa testicular, ʻo ia ka "kumu" o nā pilikia hānau kāne.
Ma waena o nā mea hoʻonaninani, ʻo ka nail polish ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa o nā phthalates, aia pū kekahi i loko o nā mea ʻala o nā mea hoʻonaninani. E komo kēia mea i loko o nā mea hoʻonaninani i ke kino ma o ka ʻōpū hanu wahine a me ka ʻili. Inā hoʻohana nui ʻia, e hoʻonui ʻia ka pilikia o ka wahine i ka maʻi maʻi umauma a hoʻopilikia i ka ʻōnaehana hānau o kā lākou pēpē kāne e hiki mai ana.
Hiki ke lawe ʻia mai e nā keiki nā mea pāʻani plastik palupalu a me nā huahana keiki i loaʻa nā phthalates. Inā waiho ʻia no ka manawa kūpono, hiki iā ia ke hoʻoheheʻe i nā phthalates ma mua o nā pae palekana, hoʻoweliweli i ke ake a me nā puʻupaʻa o nā keiki, hoʻoulu i ka wā ʻōpio mua, a pili i ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana hānau keiki.
Nā mea pale no ka ʻoi aku o ka maʻamau o ortho benzene
Ma muli o ka hiki ʻole o ka phthalates/esters i loko o ka wai, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia nā pae kiʻekiʻe o nā phthalates ma nā plastics a i ʻole textiles ma o nā hana ma hope o ka mālama ʻana e like me ka holoi wai. Akā, hiki i ka mea hana ke hoʻohana wale i nā mea maka i loaʻa ʻole nā phthalates no ka hana hou ʻana a me ka hana ʻana.
Alkylphenol/Alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (AP/APEO)
He mea maʻamau ka Alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (APEO) i nā hoʻomākaukau kemika he nui i kēlā me kēia loulou o ka hana ʻana i nā lole a me nā mea kāmaʻa.Ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo APEO ma ke ʻano he surfactant a i ʻole emulsifier i loko o nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe wai, nā paʻi paʻi, nā ʻaila milo, a me nā mea pulu. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka huahana degreasing ʻili i ka ʻoihana hana ʻili.
Hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ʻia ka APEO i loko o ke kaiapuni a hoʻopau hope loa i loko o Alkylphenol (AP). ʻO kēia mau huahana degradation he mea ʻawaʻawa ikaika i nā mea ola wai a loaʻa nā hopena lōʻihi i ke kaiapuni. ʻO nā huahana i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia o ka APEO he hormone kūlohelohe e like me nā waiwai, hiki ke hoʻopau i ka hana endocrine o nā holoholona hihiu a me nā kānaka.
Nā hana pane no ka ʻoi aku o nā kūlana APEO
Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻo APEO i ka wai a hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia mai nā textiles e ka holoi ʻana i ka wai wela. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka nui kūpono o ka penetrant a me ke kopa i ka wā o ka holoi ʻana e hiki ke hoʻopau maikaʻi i ke koena APEO i loko o nā textiles, akā pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻaʻole pono nā additives i hoʻohana ʻia ʻo APEO ponoʻī.
Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole pono ka mea palupalu i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana palupalu ma hope o ka holoi ʻana i ka APEO, inā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokomo hou ʻia ka APEO i loko o ka mea.Ke ʻoi aku ka APEO ma mua o ka maʻamau i loko o ka plastic, ʻaʻole hiki ke wehe ʻia. Hiki ke hoʻohana wale ʻia nā mea hoʻohui a i ʻole nā mea maka me ka ʻole o ka APEO i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana e pale aku ai i ka APEO ma mua o ka maʻamau i nā mea plastik.
Inā ʻoi aku ka APEO ma mua o ka maʻamau o ka huahana, pono e noiʻi mua ka mea hana inā he APEO i loko o ke kaʻina paʻi a me ke kala ʻana a i ʻole nā mea hoʻohui i hoʻohana ʻia e ka ʻoihana paʻi a pena. Inā pēlā, e hoʻololi iā lākou me nā mea hoʻohui i loaʻa ʻole ka APEO.
Nā hana pane no ka ʻoi aku o nā kūlana AP
Inā ʻoi aku ka AP i nā textiles ma mua o ka maʻamau, ma muli paha ia o ka ʻike kiʻekiʻe o APEO i nā mea hoʻohui i hoʻohana ʻia i kā lākou hana ʻana a me ka hana ʻana, a ua hiki ke decomposition. A no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻo AP ponoʻī i ka wai, inā ʻoi aku ka AP ma mua o ka maʻamau o ka textiles, ʻaʻole hiki ke wehe ʻia ma ka holoi wai. Hiki ke hoʻohana i nā mea hoʻohui me ka ʻole AP a me APEO no ka mālama ʻana i ka paʻi ʻana a me ke kala ʻana. Ke ʻoi aku ka AP i loko o ka plastic i ka maʻamau, ʻaʻole hiki ke wehe ʻia.Hiki ke pale ʻia ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻohui a i ʻole nā mea maka i loaʻa ʻole AP a me APEO i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana.
Chlorophenol (PCP) a i ʻole ka mea lawe chlorine organik (COC)
ʻO ka Chlorophenol (PCP) ka mea maʻamau e pili ana i ke ʻano o nā mea e like me pentachlorophenol, tetrachlorophenol, trichlorophenol, dichlorophenol, a me monochlorophenol, aʻo nā mea lawe chlorine organik (COC) ka nui o ka chlorobenzene a me ka chlorotoluene.
Ua hoʻohana nui ʻia nā mea lawe chlorine organik ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoheheʻe organik maikaʻi i ka polyester dyeing, akā me ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka paʻi ʻana a me nā mea hana a me nā kaʻina hana, ua lilo ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea lawe chlorine organik.Hoʻohana mau ʻia ʻo Chlorophenol ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomalu no nā textiles a i ʻole nā mea pena, akā ma muli o kona ʻawaʻawa ikaika, ʻaʻole i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he preservative.
Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka chlorobenzene, toluene chlorinated, a me ka chlorophenol ma ke ʻano he mea waena ma ke kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe. ʻO nā wai i hana ʻia ma kēia kaʻina hana maʻamau ke koena o kēia mau mea, a inā ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi nā koena ʻē aʻe, ma muli o nā koi hoʻomalu haʻahaʻa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻike ʻana o kēia mea i loko o ka textiles a i ʻole nā mea pena. Ua hōʻike ʻia ma ke kaʻina hana dye, hiki ke hoʻohana i nā kaʻina hana kūikawā e hoʻopau loa i kēia mau ʻano mea ʻekolu, akā e hoʻonui ia i nā kumukūʻai.
ʻO nā mea pale no ka COC a me ka PCP ma mua o nā kūlana
Ke ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea e like me chlorobenzene, chlorotoluene, a me chlorophenol i loko o nā huahana huahana, hiki i ka mea hana ke noiʻi mua inā aia ia mau mea i ka paʻi ʻana a me ke kaʻina hana a i ʻole i nā mea hoʻonaninani a i ʻole nā mea hoʻohui i hoʻohana ʻia e ka mea hana paʻi a me ka hoʻoluʻu. Inā ʻike ʻia, pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā mea pena a i ʻole nā mea hoʻohui i loaʻa ʻole kekahi mau mea no ka hana ʻana ma hope.
Ma muli o ka hiki ʻole ke wehe pololei ʻia ia mau mea ma ka holoi ʻana me ka wai. Inā pono e mālama, hiki ke hana wale ʻia ma ka wehe ʻana i nā mea pena a pau mai ka lole a laila e hoʻoluli hou i ka mea me nā mea pena a me nā mea hoʻohui i loaʻa ʻole kēia mau ʻano mea ʻekolu.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Apr-14-2023