Ma 2017, ua hoʻolālā nā ʻāina ʻEulopa i nā hoʻolālā e hoʻopau i nā kaʻa wahie. I ka manawa like, ua hoʻolālā nā ʻāina ma Asia Hikina Hema a me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika i kahi ʻano o nā hoʻolālā e kūʻē i ka pollution ea, me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kaʻa uila ma ke ʻano he papahana nui no ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka wā e hiki mai ana. I ka manawa like, e like me ka helu NPD, mai ka puka ʻana mai o ka maʻi maʻi, ua piʻi ke kūʻai aku o nā kaʻa ʻelua huila ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. I Iune 2020, ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ke kūʻai ʻana o nā kaʻa uila e 190% i kēlā me kēia makahiki, a ua hoʻonui ʻia ke kūʻai ʻana o nā kaʻa uila ma 2020 e 150% i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Wahi a Statista, ʻo ke kūʻai ʻana o nā kaʻa uila ma ʻEulopa e hiki i ka 5.43 miliona mau ʻāpana i ka makahiki 2025, a ʻo ke kūʻai ʻana aku o nā kaʻa uila ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau e hiki aku ma kahi o 650,000 mau ʻāpana i ka manawa like, a ʻoi aku ma mua o 80% o kēia mau kaʻa e lawe ʻia mai.
Nā koi no ka nānā ʻana ma ka pūnaewele no na paikikala uila
1. Ho'āʻo palekana kaʻa piha
-Ka ho'āʻo hana kaʻa
-Ka hiki ke holo pedal
-Ka hoʻāʻo ʻana: ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe pedal, protrusions, anti-collision, wai hoʻāʻo hana hoʻokō
2. Ho'āʻo palekana mechanical
-Frame/front fork vibration and impact strength test
-Reflector, kukui a me ka ho'āʻo mea kani
3. Ho'āʻo palekana uila
-Ka hoʻokomo uila: hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka uea, pale kaapuni pōkole, ikaika uila
- Pūnaehana hoʻomalu: ka hana mana-off braking, ka hana pale o kēia manawa, a me ka hana pale o ka nalo.
-Motor helu mana hoomau
-Ka mea hoʻoili a me ka nānā ʻana i ka pākaukau
4 Nānā hana ahi
5 Nānā hana pale ahi
6 haawe hoao
Ma waho aʻe o nā koi palekana i luna no nā kaʻa uila, pono e hana ka mea nānā i nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka wā o ka nānā ʻana ma ka pūnaewele, e like me: ka nui o ka pahu waho a me ka nānā ʻana i ke kaumaha, ka hana pahu waho a me ka nānā ʻana, ho'āʻo, ho'āʻo hoʻopaʻa hoʻopili, ho'āʻo hāʻule kaʻa.
Nā koi kūikawā o na makeke like ole
ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā koi palekana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka mākeke pahuhopu ʻo ia wale nō ke ala e hōʻoia ai e ʻike ʻia ka uila uila i hana ʻia e ka mākeke kūʻai.
1 Koina makeke kūloko
I kēia manawa, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā lula hou loa no nā kūlana uila uila ma 2022 i ka "Electric Bicycle Safety Technical Specifications" (GB17761-2018), i hoʻokō ʻia ma ʻApelila 15, 2019: pono kāna mau kaʻa uila e hoʻokō i nā lula aʻe:
-ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻolālā ʻana o nā kaʻa uila ma mua o 25 mau kilomita / hola:
-ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kaʻa (me ka pākaukau) ma mua o 55 kg:
-ʻO ka volt nominal o ka pila ma lalo a i like paha me 48 volts;
-ʻO ka mana hoʻomau hoʻomau o ka mana o ka kaʻa ma lalo a i ʻole like me 400 watts
- Pono e hiki ke hele wāwae;
2. Nā koi no ka lawe ʻana aku i ka mākeke US
Nā kūlana mākeke US:
IEC 62485-3 Ed. 1.0 b:2010
UL 2271
UL2849
- Pono ka kaʻa ma lalo o 750W (1 HP)
-ʻO ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe ma lalo o 20 mph no ka mea holo 170-paona ke hoʻokele ʻia e ke kaʻa wale nō;
-E pili ana nā lula palekana e pili ana i nā paikikala a me nā uila uila i nā uila uila, me 16CFR 1512 a me UL2849 no nā ʻōnaehana uila.
Nā kūlana mākeke EU:
ONORM EN 15194:2009
BS EN 15194:2009
DIN EN 15194:2009
DS/EN 15194:2009
DS/EN 50272-3
-ʻO ka helu mana hoʻomau mau loa o ka kaʻa he 0.25kw;
- Pono e hoʻolohi i ka mana a hoʻōki i ka wā e hiki ai ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe i 25 km/h a i ka wā e kū ai ka pedal;
- Hiki ke hiki i ka 48V DC ke kaha helu o ka mana o ka mīkini a me ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele kaʻa, a i ʻole ka mea hoʻopihapiha hoʻopihapiha me ka helu 230V AC;
- Pono ke kiʻekiʻe o ka noho kiʻekiʻe ma kahi o 635 mm;
- Nā koi palekana e pili ana i nā paikikala uila -EN 15194 i ka Machinery Directive a me nā kūlana āpau i ʻōlelo ʻia ma EN 15194.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mar-15-2024