Makemake ʻoe e ʻike i ka ʻāina hea nā huahana maikaʻi loa? Makemake ʻoe e ʻike i ka ʻāina i makemake nui ʻia? I kēia lā, e hoʻopaʻa au i nā mākeke kālepa haole he ʻumi loa o ka honua, me ka manaʻo e hāʻawi i kahi kuhikuhi no kāu mau hana kālepa haole.
Top1: Kili
Aia ʻo Chile i ka pae waena o ka hoʻomohala ʻana a ua manaʻo ʻia e lilo i ʻāina hoʻomohala mua ma ʻAmelika Hema e 2019. ʻO ka mining, ka ululāʻau, ka lawaiʻa a me ka mahiʻai he waiwai i nā kumuwaiwai a ʻo ia nā pou ʻehā o ka hoʻokele waiwai aupuni. Ke hilinaʻi nui nei ka hoʻokele waiwai o Chile ma ke kālepa o nā ʻāina ʻē. Ma kahi o 30% o GDP. E hoʻokō i kahi kulekele kūʻai kūʻai kūʻokoʻa me ka uku haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (ʻo ka awelika tariff rate mai 2003 he 6%). I kēia manawa, loaʻa iā ia nā pilina kālepa me nā ʻāina ʻoi aku ma mua o 170 a me nā ʻāpana o ka honua.
Top2: Kolombia
Ke puka mai nei ʻo Kolombia ma ke ʻano he wahi hoʻopukapuka hoihoi. ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka palekana ua hoʻemi ʻia ka ʻaihue ma 90 pakeneka a me ka pepehi kanaka ma ka 46 pakeneka i nā makahiki he ʻumi i hala aku nei, e koi ana i ka pālua ʻana o ka nui o nā huahana kūloko o kēlā me kēia kanaka mai ka makahiki 2002.
He waiwai ʻo Kolombia i ka aila, ka lanahu a me ke kinoea kūlohelohe. ʻO ka huina kālā o nā haole ma 2010 i hōʻea i 6.8 biliona kālā ʻAmelika, ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa kāna hoa nui.
ʻO ka HSBC Global Asset Management ke kūpaʻa nei ma Bancolombia SA, ka waihona pilikino nui loa o ka ʻāina. Ua hāʻawi ka panakō i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ke kaulike ma mua o 19% i kēlā me kēia o nā makahiki ʻewalu i hala.
Top3: Indonesia
ʻO ka ʻāina, nona ka ʻehā o ka nui o ka heluna kanaka ma ka honua, ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pilikia kālā o ka honua ma mua o ka hapa nui, mahalo i kahi mākeke kūʻai kūʻai kūloko. Ma hope o ka ulu ʻana ma 4.5% i ka makahiki 2009, ua piʻi hou ka ulu ʻana ma mua o 6% i ka makahiki i hala a manaʻo ʻia e noho ma ia pae no nā makahiki e hiki mai ana. I ka makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka helu ʻaiʻē aliʻi o ka ʻāina i lalo o ka helu hoʻopukapuka.
ʻOiai ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa o nā limahana limahana o Indonesia ma ka ʻāina ʻo ʻAsia-Pākīpika a me nā manaʻo o ke aupuni e hoʻolilo i ka ʻāina i wahi hana hana, e mau ana ka palaho he pilikia.
Manaʻo kekahi mau mana kālā he mea maikaʻi loa ke hoʻopukapuka kālā ma nā mākeke kūloko ma o nā lālā kūloko o nā hui multinational. ʻO Andy Brown, he luna hoʻokele waiwai ma Aberdeen Asset Management ma UK, nona kahi kuleana ma PTA straInternational, he hui kaʻa i hoʻomalu ʻia e ka hui ʻo Jardine Matheson o Hong Kong.
Top4: Vietnam
No 20 mau makahiki, ʻo Vietnam kekahi o nā ʻoihana e ulu wikiwiki ana ma ka honua. Wahi a ka World Bank, e piʻi ka piʻi ʻana o ka hoʻokele waiwai o Vietnam i 6% i kēia makahiki a me 7.2% i ka makahiki 2013. Ma muli o kona kokoke ʻana i Kina, manaʻo kekahi poʻe loiloi e hiki ke lilo ʻo Vietnam i hale hana hou.
Akā, ʻaʻole i lilo ʻo Vietnam, kahi ʻāina socialist i lālā o ka World Trade Organization a hiki i 2007. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka hoʻopukapuka kālā ʻana ma Vietnam he hana pilikia loa, wahi a Brown.
I nā maka o ka poʻe ʻino, ʻo ka hoʻokomo ʻana o Vietnam i loko o nā Aupuni ʻeono o Civet he mea ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka hui pū ʻana i ka acronym. Loaʻa i ka waihona kālā HSBC kahi lakene hoʻokaʻawale waiwai o 1.5% wale nō i ka ʻāina.
Top5: ʻAigupita
Ua kāohi ka hana kipi i ka ulu ʻana o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ʻAigupita. Manaʻo ka World Bank e ulu ʻo ʻAigupita ma ka 1 pakeneka i kēia makahiki, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 5.2 pakeneka i ka makahiki i hala. Eia nō naʻe, manaʻo ka poʻe loiloi e hoʻomau ka hoʻokele waiwai o ʻAigupita i kona piʻi ʻana i ka wā e paʻa ai ke kūlana politika.
He nui nā waiwai koʻikoʻi o ʻAigupita, ʻo ia hoʻi nā pahu e ulu wikiwiki ana ma nā kahakai Mediterranean a me ke Kaiʻula i hoʻopili ʻia e ka Canal Suez, a me nā kumu waiwai kūlohelohe maoli ʻole.
He 82 miliona ka nui o ko Aigupita a he opiopio loa kona mau makahiki, me ka awelika makahiki o 25. National Societe Generale Bank (NSGB), kahi hui o Societe Generale SA, ua hoonoho maikai ia no ka pomaikai mai ka hoohana ana i ka aina malalo o Aigupita. , Ua'ōleloʻo Aberdeen Asset Management.
Top6: Tureke
Ua palena ʻo Turkey e ʻEulopa ma ka ʻaoʻao hema a me nā mea hana ikaika nui ma ka Middle East, ke Kai Caspian a me Russia ma ka ʻākau. He nui nā pipeline kinoea kūlohelohe nui ʻo Turkey a he ʻano ikehu koʻikoʻi e pili ana iā ʻEulopa a me Central Asia.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Phil Poole o ka HSBC Global Asset Management he ʻoihana ikaika ʻo Turkey i loaʻa nā pilina kālepa me ka European Union me ka ʻole o ka nakinaki ʻia i ka euro zone a i ʻole ka lālā EU.
Wahi a ka World Bank, hiki i ka 6.1% ka ulu ʻana o Turkey i kēia makahiki, a e hāʻule i ka 5.3% i ka makahiki 2013.
ʻIke ʻo Poole i ka mea hoʻokele mokulele ʻāina ʻo Turk Hava Yollari i kahi hoʻopukapuka maikaʻi, ʻoiai makemake ʻo Brown i nā mea kūʻai wikiwiki wikiwiki ʻo BIM Birlesik Magazalar AS a me Anadolu Group, nona ka hui pia ʻo Efes Beer Group.
Top7: ʻApelika Hema
He ʻano hoʻokele waiwai me nā waiwai waiwai e like me ke gula a me ka platinum. ʻO ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai, ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana i ka noi mai nā ʻoihana kaʻa a me nā kemika a me ka hoʻolilo ʻana i ka wā o ka World Cup i kōkua i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka hoʻokele waiwai o ʻApelika Hema i ka ulu ʻana ma hope o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka honua.
Top8: Palakila
ʻO ka GDP o Brazil ke kūlana mua ma Latin America. Ma waho aʻe o ka ʻoihana mahiʻai kuʻuna, ke holomua nei ka hana a me nā ʻoihana lawelawe. Loaʻa iā ia kahi pōmaikaʻi kūlohelohe i nā kumuwaiwai maka. ʻO Brazil ka hao a me ke keleawe kiʻekiʻe loa ma ka honua.
Eia kekahi, ke piʻi aʻe nei nā waihona o ka nickel-manganese bauxite. Eia kekahi, ke piʻi aʻe nei nā ʻoihana e kū nei e like me ke kamaʻilio a me ke kālā. Ua hoʻokumu ʻo Cardoso, ke alakaʻi mua o ka Pāʻina ʻOihana Pelekikena o Brazil, i kahi hoʻolālā hoʻolālā hoʻokele waiwai a hoʻokumu i ke kumu no ka hoʻōla hou ʻana o ka hoʻokele waiwai. ʻO kēia kulekele hoʻoponopono ma hope Ua lawe ʻia e ka Pelekikena Lula i kēia manawa. ʻO kāna ʻike nui ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi ʻōnaehana uku hoʻololi maʻalahi, ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka mālama olakino a me ka ʻōnaehana penikala, a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana o ke aupuni. Eia naʻe, manaʻo kekahi poʻe hoʻohewa ʻo ka kūleʻa a i ʻole ka hāʻule ʻana he hemahema. ʻO ka hoʻokele waiwai hoʻokele waiwai ma ka ʻāina momona o ʻAmelika Hema, kahi i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ke aupuni, hoʻomau? Nui nō hoʻi nā pilikia ma hope o nā manawa kūpono, no laila pono nā mea hoʻopukapuka lōʻihi i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka mākeke ʻo Brazil i nā aʻalolo ikaika a me ke ahonui.
Kiʻekiʻe9: India
ʻO India ka demokala nui loa o ka honua. ʻO kekahi mau hui kālepa lehulehu i hoʻonui i kā lākou mākeke waiwai ma mua o ka wā. Ua ulu mau ka hoʻokele waiwai o India ma ka awelika makahiki he 6% i nā makahiki i hala. Ma hope o ke alo o ka hoʻokele waiwai he pūʻali hana kiʻekiʻe. Wahi a nā helu helu mua, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻoihana o ke Komohana i nā haumāna puka kula ʻo India. Hoʻokahi hapahā o nā hui nui loa ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa e hoʻohana i nā huahana i kūkulu ʻia ma India. lako polokalamu. ʻO ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau India, kahi i loaʻa ikaika i ka mākeke honua, kahi i hana ʻia ai nā lāʻau lapaʻau, ua alakaʻi i ka loaʻa kālā pilikino i ka skyrocket ma nā helu ulu pālua. I ka manawa like, ua puka mai ka hui o India i kahi hui o ka papa waena e nānā i ka leʻaleʻa a me ka makemake e ʻai. ʻO nā papahana hoʻolālā nui ʻē aʻe e like me nā alaloa mile ka lōʻihi a me nā pūnaewele me ka uhi ākea. ʻO ka ulu ʻana o ke kālepa hoʻokuʻu aku e hāʻawi pū i kahi ikaika ukali ikaika no ka hoʻomohala waiwai. ʻOiaʻiʻo, he mau nāwaliwali ka hoʻokele waiwai o India i hiki ʻole ke nānā ʻole ʻia, e like me ke ʻano kūpono ʻole, nā hemahema kālā kiʻekiʻe, a me ka hilinaʻi nui i ka ikehu a me nā mea maka. ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā loina kaiapili a me nā waiwai pono i ka politika a me ka ʻāʻī ʻana ma Kashmir e hoʻoulu i ka haunaele waiwai.
10 kiʻekiʻe: Rusia
ʻO ka hoʻokele waiwai Lūkini, ka mea i ola i ka pilikia kālā i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua like ia me ka phoenix mai ka lehu i ka honua i hala. ʻO ka hōʻea ʻana o ka Pelekikena Lūkini Dmitry Medvedev ma Sanya Phoenix International Airport i helu ʻia ma ke ʻano he helu hoʻopukapuka e ka ʻoihana noiʻi palekana kaulana - Standard & Poor's i ka helu hōʻaiʻē. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana a me ka hana ʻana o kēia mau laina koko ʻoihana nui ʻelua e mālama i ka hapalima o ka hana ʻāina i kēia lā. Eia kekahi, ʻo Rūsia ka mea hana nui loa o ka palladium, platinum a me ka titanium. E like me ke kūlana ma Brazil, ua hūnā ʻia ka hoʻoweliweli nui loa i ka hoʻokele waiwai o Rūsia i loko o ka politika. ʻOiai ua piʻi nui ka waiwai waiwai o ka ʻāina a ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ka loaʻa kālā o ke aupuni, ʻo ka lawelawe ʻana o nā luna aupuni i ka hihia ʻaila ʻaila Yukes e hōʻike ana i ka ʻO ka nele o ka demokala i lilo i mea make o ka hoʻopukapuka wā lōʻihi, ʻo ia hoʻi. i ka pahi kaua ike ole ia a Damocles. ʻOiai ʻo Rūsia he ākea a waiwai hoʻi i ka ikehu, inā ʻaʻole e hiki i ke aupuni ke noho i hope a hoʻomaha i mua o nā hanana e hiki mai ana. Inā ʻaʻole ʻoluʻolu ʻo Rūsia i ka wā lōʻihi ma ka lilo ʻana i hale hoʻokele kinoea no ka ʻoihana honua, pono ia e hana i kahi kaʻina hana hou e hoʻonui ai i ka huahana. Pono nā mea hoʻolale kālā e nānā pono i nā hoʻololi kulekele hoʻokele waiwai o kēia manawa, kahi mea nui e pili ana i nā mākeke kālā Lūkini me nā kumu kūʻai kumu.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-17-2022