Pepa, wehewehe ʻo Wikipedia iā ia ma ke ʻano he lole i ulana ʻole ʻia i hana ʻia me nā mea kanu hiki ke pelu ʻia ma ka makemake no ke kākau ʻana.
ʻO ka moʻolelo o ka pepa he moʻolelo ia o ka nohona kanaka. Mai ka puka ʻana mai o ka pepa ma ka Western Han Dynasty, a hiki i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana pepa e Cai Lun i ka Hikina Han Dynasty, a i kēia manawa, ʻaʻole ia he mea lawe palapala wale nō ka pepa, akā hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no nā hana ʻē aʻe e like me ke paʻi ʻana. ʻoihana, ʻoihana, a me ke ola.
Ma kēia pukana, e nānā kākou i nā kumu nui nānā/nānā a me nā hoʻoholo hemahema maʻamau o nā huahana pepa.
Ka laulā o ka noi
ʻO nā huahana e pili ana i kēia alakaʻi: ka pepa moʻomeheu, ka pepa ʻenehana a me ka mahiʻai, pepa hoʻopili a me ka pepa hale. ʻO ka pepa i lawe ʻia mai e koʻu ʻāina ʻo ia ka pepa moʻomeheu (newsprint, pepa i uhi ʻia, pepa offset, pepa kākau) a me ka pepa hoʻopaʻa (ka pepa kraft, pahu keʻokeʻo, pepa base corrugated, pahu keʻokeʻo, cellophane, etc.).
02 Ka nānā 'ana
| Ka nana aku
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona o ka pepa kahi mea nui e hoʻoholo ai i ka maikaʻi o ka pepa. ʻAʻole pili wale ia i ke ʻano o ka pepa, akā pili kekahi mau hemahema i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pepa.
Alakaʻi Nānā Nui no nā Huahana Pepa
Hoʻohana nui ka nānā ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka pepa i nā ʻano o ka nānā ʻana i ke alo, ka nānā palahalaha, ka nānā ʻana a me ka nānā lima. Pono ka ʻili o ka pepa e palahalaha a maʻemaʻe, ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia nā peʻa, nā wrinkle, nā pōʻino, nā poloka paʻakikī, nā kiko māmā, nā kiko unahi iʻa, chromatic aberration, nā kiko like ʻole a me nā hōʻailona hulu hipa i ʻae ʻia. 'Ōlelo Aʻo: Ua mālama ʻia ka nānā ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka pepa i lawe ʻia e like me nā ʻōlelo o ZBY32033-90.
| Na Waiwai Kino
Manaʻo nui: ʻOkoʻa nā koi pepa like ʻole e like me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana
Nūpepa: Pono ka pepa e ʻoluʻolu a hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻili o ka pepa. No ka hōʻoia i hiki ke maloʻo koke ka ʻīnika paʻi i ka wā paʻi. Pono nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka pepa maʻemaʻe, kūpaʻa ka mānoanoa, maikaʻi ka opacity, ʻaʻohe lint ka paʻi ʻana, ʻaʻole paʻi i ka pā, akaka ke kumu, a ʻaʻohe hemahema. No ka pepa ʻōwili, pono nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka ʻōwili i ka paʻa like, kakaikahi nā hui, a me ka ikaika tensile maikaʻi, i mea e hoʻokō ai i nā koi paʻi o nā mīkini paʻi rotary kiʻekiʻe.
ʻO nā koi kūpono no ka pepa i uhi ʻia: ʻoluʻolu. Pono ka ʻili o ka pepa e maʻemaʻe loa, i hiki ke hoʻopili piha ʻia me ka ʻili o ka pā keleawe pale i ka wā e paʻi ʻia ai, i loaʻa ai nā hiʻohiʻona laina lahilahi maikaʻi a akaka, i kūpono i ke ʻano a me ka ʻoluʻolu i ka maka.
Pepa papa keʻokeʻo: ʻO ka pepa keʻokeʻo e koi maʻamau i ke ʻano paʻa, ʻili maʻemaʻe, mānoanoa like ʻole, ʻaʻohe lint ma ka ʻili pepa, ʻoluʻolu maikaʻi a me ka wikiwiki liʻiliʻi e hoʻokō i nā koi o ka paʻi ʻana i nā kala he nui. No ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā koi o ka hana pahu, pono e loaʻa i ka pepa keʻokeʻo nā ʻano o ka ʻoʻoleʻa kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa pelu ʻana.
Kāleka Kraft: ʻO ka pahu kraft kahi pahu i hoʻohana kūikawā ʻia no ka ʻeke o waho o nā mea kūʻai aku, no laila e paʻakikī ke ʻano o ka pepa, a ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka pohā, ka ikaika compressive apo a me ke kiʻekiʻe haehae. Eia kekahi, pono ke kū i ka wai kiʻekiʻe, no laila ʻaʻole e hoʻemi nui ʻia ka ikaika ma muli o ka nui o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka wai, ka hopena o ka pōʻino i ka pahu pahu i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana i ka moana a i ʻole ka mālama anuanu. Pono e loaʻa i kahi maʻalahi no ka pepa kraft pono e hoʻohana ʻia no ka paʻi ʻana.
Pepa kumu po'o: Pono ka pa'a pa'a a me ka 'o'ole'a ki'eki'e o ka pepa pa'a. Pono kekahi degere o ka elasticity no ka mālama ʻana i ka haʻalulu-hōʻoia a me ke kaomi-kū pale ʻana o ka pahu i hana ʻia. No laila, ʻo ka ikaika pohā a me ka ikaika compressive apo (a i ʻole ka ikaika compressive flat) nā hōʻailona nui e hōʻike ana i ka ikaika o ka pepa kumu corrugated. Eia kekahi, pono e mālama ʻia ka moisture index. Inā he liʻiliʻi loa ka makū, e maʻalili ka pepa, a e hāmama ana i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana corrugating. ʻO ka nui o ka wai e hoʻopilikia i ka hana. Ma keʻano maʻamau, pono ka maʻamau o ka wai ma kahi o 10%.
Cellophane: ʻAkaka ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻo Cellophane, ʻālohilohi i ka ʻili pepa, ʻaʻahu i ka mānoanoa, palupalu a hiki ke kau. E pehu a palupalu ma hope o ka pulu ʻana i ka wai, a emi maoli ma hope o ka maloʻo ʻana. Eia kekahi, ma muli o ka hoʻonohonoho like ʻana o nā microcrystals cellulose i ka ʻaoʻao longitudinal, ua nui ka ikaika longitudinal o ka pepa, a he liʻiliʻi ka ʻaoʻao transverse, a inā loaʻa kahi māwae, e wāwahi ʻia e kahi ikaika liʻiliʻi loa. Loaʻa i ka Cellophane nā waiwai o ka impermeability, ka ʻaila impermeability a me ka wai impermeability.
Pepa paʻi Offset: Hoʻohana ʻia ka pepa offset no ka paʻi ʻana i nā kala he nui. Ma waho aʻe o ka koi ʻana i ke keʻokeʻo maikaʻi a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka lepo, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o nā koi no ka paʻa pepa, ka ikaika tensile a me ka hoʻomau ʻana. I ka wā o ka paʻi ʻana, ʻaʻole e hoʻoheheʻe ka ili o ka pepa i ka lint, pauka, a paʻi ʻole paha. Loaʻa iā ia nā koi like me ka pepa i uhi ʻia.
03
ʻO ka wehewehe hewa a me ka hoʻoholo
| Kūʻai Packaging
Nānā: Hoʻopili a me nā ʻano hana hoʻopili
ʻO nā hemahema a me nā kūlana hoʻoholo e pili ana i ke kūʻai ʻana a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā huahana pepa penei:
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i nā hemahema, ʻaʻole kūpono ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā huahana liʻiliʻi nui /*/
| Lepili/Kakau/Paʻi ʻana
Manaʻo: Lepili, paʻi no ke kūʻai ʻana a me nā huahana
Defect Description Fatal Serious Minor Product i kūʻai ʻia ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika: ʻAʻohe ʻike mea hoʻohui *// Huahana i kūʻai ʻia ma US: ʻAʻohe ʻike ʻāina kumu *// Huahana i kūʻai ʻia ma US: ʻAʻohe inoa mea hana/helu hoʻopaʻa inoa * //
| Kaʻina hana hana
Manaʻo koʻikoʻi: Ua poino paha ka pepa kūpono, etc.
ʻO nā hemahema a me nā pae hoʻoholo e pili ana i ke kaʻina hana penei:
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i nā mea ʻino ʻino ʻino Pepa Liʻiliʻi Koʻikoʻi a me nā mea ʻē aʻe./*/nā kiko/**puka/puʻu/*/ ʻāʻī/wrinkles/** ʻāhaʻi/*/ ʻāwīwī ʻia/*/nā kihi i ʻeli ʻia/** nā wahi lepo/**seersucker /** ʻO nā poloka pulp a me nā poloka paʻakikī ʻē aʻe/**
| Nānā huahana ma hope o ka paʻi ʻana
Nānā: Nā kiko huahana ma hope o ka paʻi ʻana, wrinkles, etc.
ʻO nā hemahema a me nā kūlana hoʻoholo e pili ana i nā huahana post-press penei:
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i nā hemahema make nui liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi
| Ka nana aku
Nā mea nui: ʻO ke ʻano o nā kaha hulu hipa, etc.
ʻO nā hemahema pili i ke ʻano a me nā pae hoʻokolokolo penei:
ʻO ka wehewehe ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi/** nā hōʻailona o ka malu o ka moe/** nā kaha ʻālohilohi/**
04
Ke hoʻāʻo ʻana ma kahi
I ka wā o ka nānā ʻana i nā huahana pepa, pono nā hoʻokolohua ma ka pūnaewele:
| Nānā paona huahana
Alakaʻi Nānā Nui no nā Huahana Pepa
Manaʻo koʻikoʻi: nānā ka paona gram inā lawa ka paona gram
Ka Nui Ho'āʻo: Ma kahi o 3 mau laʻana no kēlā me kēia ʻano.
Nā koi nānā: E kaupaona i ka huahana a hoʻopaʻa i ka ʻikepili maoli; e nānā e like me nā koi kaumaha i hāʻawi ʻia a i ʻole ka ʻike kaumaha a me nā ʻae ʻana i nā mea hoʻopili huahana.
| Nānā Mānoanoa Pepa
Manaʻo nui: Inā kūpono ka mānoanoa i nā koi
Ka Nui Ho'āʻo: Ma ka liʻiliʻi he 3 laʻana no kēlā me kēia ʻano.
Nā koi no ka nānā ʻana: hana i nā ana mānoanoa o nā huahana a hoʻopaʻa i ka ʻikepili maoli; e nānā e like me nā koi mānoanoa i hāʻawi ʻia a i ʻole ka ʻike mānoanoa a me nā ʻae ʻana i nā mea hoʻopili huahana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-04-2022