ʻO PVC ka mea nui loa ma ka honua i hana ʻia a hoʻohana nui ʻia. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i nā mea kūkulu hale, nā huahana ʻoihana, nā mea e pono ai i kēlā me kēia lā, ka ʻili papahele, nā tile papahele, nā ʻili artificial, nā paipu, nā uea a me nā kaula, nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni, nā ʻōmole, nā mea huʻihuʻi, nā mea sealing, nā fibers, a me nā māla ʻē aʻe.
Eia nō naʻe, ma ʻOkakopa 27, 2017, ua hoʻopili mua ʻia ka papa inoa o nā carcinogen i paʻi ʻia e ka International Agency for Research on Cancer of the World Health Organization (WHO), a ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka PVC i ka papa inoa o ka papa 3 carcinogen.ʻO Vinyl chloride, e like me ka mea maka no ka PVC synthesis, ua helu ʻia ma ka papa inoa o ka carcinogen Class I.
01 Nā kumu o nā mea vinyl chloride i nā huahana kāmaʻa
ʻO Vinyl chloride, ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo vinyl chloride, he mea hoʻohui kino me ke ʻano kemika C2H3Cl. He monomer koʻikoʻi ia i ka kemika polymer a hiki ke loaʻa mai ka ethylene a i ʻole acetylene. Hoʻohana nui ʻia e hana i nā homopolymers a me nā copolymers o polyvinyl chloride. Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia me ka vinyl acetate, butadiene, etc., a hiki nō hoʻihoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he extractant no nā mea ʻala a me nā mea ʻala.Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he comonomer no nā polymers like ʻole. ʻOiai he mea koʻikoʻi ka vinyl chloride i loko o ka ʻoihana plastik, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka refrigerant, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. I ka hana ʻana i nā kāmaʻa a me nā huahana lole, hoʻohana ʻia ka vinyl chloride e hana i ka polyvinyl chloride (PVC) a me nā polymers vinyl, hiki ke lilo i mea paʻakikī a maʻalahi paha. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka PVC me ka paʻi pale plastik, nā ʻāpana plastik, a me nā ʻili like ʻole ma ka ʻili, ka ʻili synthetic, a me nā textiles.
Hiki ke hoʻokuʻu mālie ʻia ke koena vinyl chloride monomer i loko o nā mea i hoʻohui ʻia mai ka vinyl chloride i loko o ka mea, kahi hopena i ke olakino o ka mea kūʻai aku a me ke kaiaola.
02 Nā pōʻino o nā mea vinyl chloride
Hiki i ka Vinyl chloride ke komo i loko o ke kaiapuni photochemical, akā ma muli o kona volatility ikaika, hiki iā ia ke photolysis i ka lewa. Hiki i ka Vinyl chloride monomer ke pilikia i nā limahana a me nā mea kūʻai aku, ma muli o ke ʻano monomer a me ke ala ʻike. He kinoea kala ʻole ʻo Chloroethylene ma ka lumi wela, me ka ʻono iki ma kahi o 3000 ppm. Hiki ke loaʻa nā hopena i ka ʻōnaehana nerve waena (CNS) i ka ʻike ʻana i ka nui o ka vinyl chloride i ka lewa.e like me ka noʻonoʻo, ka hiamoe, a me ke poʻo. ʻO ka inhalation lōʻihi a me ka ʻike ʻana i ka vinyl chloride hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
I kēia manawa, ua nānā nā mākeke ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā monomers vinyl chloride i nā mea PVC a me kā lākou mau mea, a ua hoʻokō i nā mana kānāwai. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hōʻailona honua kaulana e koi ʻia e pāpā ʻia nā mea PVC i kā lākou huahana mea kūʻai aku. Inā pono ka PVC a i ʻole nā mea i loaʻa i ka PVC ma muli o nā kumu ʻenehana, pono e mālama ʻia ka ʻike o nā monomers vinyl chloride i loko o nā mea. Pono ka International RSL Management Working Group for Lole and Footwear AFIRM, 7th Edition 2022.ʻAʻole pono e ʻoi aku ka nui o ka VCM i loko o ka 1ppm.
Pono nā mea hana a me nā ʻoihana e hoʻoikaika i ka mana kaulahao lako,me ka nānā pono ʻana a me ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka ʻike o nā monomers vinyl chloride i nā mea PVC, ka paʻi ʻana i ka pale plastik, nā ʻāpana plastik, a me nā ʻāpana PVC like ʻole ma ka ʻili, ka ʻili synthetic, a me nā textiles.. I ka manawa like, pono nō hoʻi e hoʻolohe i ka optimization o nā kaʻina hana, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele maikaʻi, a hoʻomaikaʻi hou i ka pae o ka palekana a me ka maikaʻi o ka huahana e hoʻokō i nā koi mana kūpono.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Apr-14-2023