Yas yog cov khoom siv hluavtaws, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov roj av thiab tau raug qhuas tias yog "ib qho kev tsim kho zoo tshaj plaws ntawm noob neej nyob rau xyoo pua 20th". Kev siv dav ntawm "kev tsim kho zoo" no tau ua kom yooj yim rau tib neeg, tab sis kev pov tseg cov yas pov tseg tau dhau los ua teeb meem pos rau tib neeg. Raws li kev txheeb cais, tsuas yog 9% ntawm ntau tshaj 10 billion tons ntawm cov khoom pov tseg uas tsim tawm thoob ntiaj teb txij li xyoo 1950 tuaj yeem rov ua dua. Siv cov ntim yas ua piv txwv, yog tias tsis muaj kev txwv, qhov hnyav ntawm cov khib nyiab yas hauv hiav txwv yuav dhau ntawm cov ntses los ntawm 2050, xam raws li cov khoom pov tseg tam sim no. Kev lag luam yas rov ua dua tshiab yog ib txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb kom ua tiav cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab cov pa roj carbon nruab nrab, thiab tseem yog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom muaj kev hloov pauv ntsuab ntawm txoj kev loj hlob, ua kom cov khoom siv khib nyiab rov ua dua tshiab, thiab txhawb kev ua lag luam ecological tseem ceeb, txuag thiab siv zog, ntsuab thiab qis. -carbon kev txhim kho tau thov nyob rau hauv tsab ntawv ceeb toom ntawm 20th CPC National Congress. Kab lus no yuav coj koj los nkag siab txog qhov xwm txheej tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv cov yas pov tseg hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom nrawm ntawm kev tsim cov khib nyiab yas rov ua dua tshiab
Txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam
Raws li kev kwv yees kwv yees ntawm United Nations Environment Programme, ib puag ncig tus nqi ntawm lub voj voog tsis zoo ntawm cov ntim yas thoob ntiaj teb yog kwv yees li $ 40 billion, thiab kwv yees li 95% ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov khoom ntim yas yog nkim vim siv ib zaug, uas yuav ua rau kev poob nyiaj ncaj qha ntawm $ 80 billion txog $ 120 billion ib xyoos ib zaug.
2. Txo cov pa phem dawb
Plastic pov tseg tsis tsuas yog ua rau lub ntuj tsim, tab sis kuj ua rau tib neeg thiab tsiaj noj qab haus huv. Cov kev tshawb fawb tshiab qhia tau hais tias cov khoom yas muaj nyob hauv tib neeg cov hlab ntsha thiab cov placenta ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub. Raws li tsab ntawv tshaj tawm los ntawm World Wide Fund for Nature hauv 2019, tus neeg nruab nrab thoob plaws ntiaj teb siv 5 grams ntawm cov yas hauv ib lub lis piam, uas yog sib npaug rau qhov hnyav ntawm daim npav rho nyiaj.
3. Txo cov pa roj carbon emissions
Cov pa roj carbon emission ntawm tag nrho lub neej voj voog ntawm 1 tuj ntawm cov yas pov tseg los ntawm kev tsim khoom mus rau qhov kawg combustion yog kwv yees li 6.8 tons, tag nrho cov pa roj carbon emission ntawm txhua theem ntawm lub cev voj voog ntawm cov khib nyiab plastics yog 2.9 tons, thiab tag nrho cov pa roj carbon emissions ntawm lub cev. lub voj voog yog li 3.9 tons; Tag nrho cov pa roj carbon emissions ntawm txhua qhov txuas ntawm lub voj voog tshuaj yog 5.2 tons, thiab cov pa roj carbon tsawg yog li 1.6 tons.
4. Txuag cov peev txheej roj
Nrog kev nce qib ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis tsis tu ncua, nws xav tias cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab ntawm cov yas yuav nce los ntawm 30% mus rau ntau dua 60% hauv xyoo 2060, txuag 200 lab tons ntawm cov peev txheej roj, uas yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau cov qauv ntawm cov refining. kev lag luam.
5. Txhim kho kev lag luam kev sib tw
EU ntim se thiab cov se carbon ciam teb yuav raug them sai sai. Nws tau kwv yees tias cov nyiaj ntawm cov khoom yas uas tau txais hauv Suav teb yuav ncav cuag 70 billion yuan hauv xyoo 2030, thaum cov nyiaj tau los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom hauv Suav teb xav tias yuav yog 96 billion yuan los ntawm 2030, thiab cov se siv zog yuav ncav cuag 3/4. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov tuam txhab ntxiv qee qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab rau cov khoom yas, nws yuav muaj peev xwm txo qis lossis txawm tias zam cov se, yog li txhim kho kev sib tw thiab cov lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig.
Recycling ntawm pov tseg plastics hauv Suav teb
Tuam Tshoj yog lub ntiaj teb loj tshaj plaws yas manufacturing, noj thiab export lub teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, nrog kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm tib neeg txoj kev ua neej nyob, cov khoom pov tseg cov khoom pov tseg kuj tau nce xyoo dhau los. Xyoo 2021, plastics yuav suav txog 12% ntawm Tuam Tshoj cov khoom pov tseg. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, raws li tib neeg kev paub txog kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig tau maj mam nce, qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm cov yas rov ua dua tshiab kuj tau nce tsis tu ncua. Raws li OECD 2020 tsab ntawv ceeb toom, nws cia siab tias qhov rov ua dua ntawm cov khoom pov tseg hauv tag nrho lub neej yuav nce los ntawm 8% hauv 2019 txog 14% los ntawm 2060.
Ntau lub tuam txhab loj tshaj plaws hauv thaj chaw ntawm kev rov ua dua tshiab ntawm cov yas pov tseg
Nexus: Nws tau npaj kom muaj tsawg kawg yog 12 lub chaw tsim khoom loj hauv tsib xyoos los siv cov ntaub ntawv pov tseg los ntawm ntau qhov chaw los ntawm kev siv tshuaj lom neeg.
BASF: BASF tau nqis peev 20 lab euros hauv Quantafuel, lub tuam txhab Norwegian, txhawm rau txhim kho thiab txhim kho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv cov khib nyiab sib xyaw los tsim cov roj pyrolysis.
SABIC: Kev koom tes nrog ntau lub koom haum tsom mus rau kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj cyclic polymers rov qab los ntawm cov yas pov tseg thiab koom nrog hauv kev tsim kho cov khoom siv roj hmab marine.
Tag Nrho Zog: kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus ua lag luam mus sij hawm ntev nrog Vanheede Environment Group los muab cov khoom siv rov qab siv dua (PCR)
ExxonMobil: Tom qab kev nthuav dav ntawm cov nroj tsuag hauv Texas, nws yuav dhau los ua ib qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv yas rov ua dua tshiab hauv North America.
Mura: Lub tswv yim thev naus laus zis HydroPRS tuaj yeem zam kev tsim "cov pa roj carbon" thiab ua kom cov khoom siv hydrocarbon ntau tshaj plaws.
Dow: Nws tab tom nrhiav kev tsim kom muaj kev lag luam nrog cov neeg siv khoom kom nthuav dav cov txheej txheem ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tshuaj rov qab sai li sai tau.
Braskem (qhov loj tshaj plaws polyolefin cov neeg tsim khoom hauv Asmeskas): Nws tau lees paub tias kev tsim cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo xws li aromatics thiab monomers siab.
Kws Saib Xyuas
Yas voj voog boosts ntsuab transformation ntawm txoj kev loj hlob hom
Fu Xiangsheng, Tus Lwm Thawj Coj ntawm Tuam Tshoj Petroleum thiab Chemical Industry Federation
Txij li thaum nws yug los, plastics tau ua ib qho tseem ceeb pab rau kev vam meej ntawm tib neeg kev vam meej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev hloov steel thiab ntoo, kev txuag hluav taws xob thiab emission txo. Tab sis tam sim no, nws tau dhau los ua kev pom zoo thoob ntiaj teb los tswj cov pa phem ntawm cov yas. Kev lag luam yas rov ua dua tshiab yog qhov kev ntsuas tseem ceeb los txo cov pa phem ib puag ncig.
Kev lag luam yas rov ua dua tshiab tau muab faib ua lub voj voog lub cev thiab lub voj voog tshuaj. Lub cev rov ua dua tshiab yog txoj hauv kev zoo ntawm kev rov ua dua cov khoom pov tseg hauv cov cascade. Kev siv tshuaj lom neeg tuaj yeem paub txog cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov khoom siv pov tseg, thiab ntau lub lag luam hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws tau ua tiav qhov tseem ceeb.
Qee tus siv depolymerization los yog decomposition txoj kev los txo cov pov tseg plastics rau monomers thiab rov-polymerize kom paub txog tshuaj cycle. Nws tau nkag siab tias qhov ntxov tshaj plaws DuPont thiab Huntsman nyob rau xyoo tas los no tau paub txog "methanol decomposition technology" los rhuav tshem cov pov tseg polyester (PET) cov fwj dej rau hauv methyl terephthalate thiab ethylene glycol monomers, thiab tom qab ntawd rov ua dua tshiab PET resin, paub txog qhov kaw- lub voj voog tshuaj lom neeg.
Lwm qhov yog gasification ntawm cov yas pov tseg rau hauv syngas lossis pyrolysis rau hauv cov khoom siv roj, rov ua cov tshuaj thiab cov polymers. Piv txwv li, BASF tab tom tsim cov txheej txheem thermal tawg uas hloov cov khoom pov tseg rau hauv syngas lossis cov khoom siv roj, thiab siv cov khoom siv raw no los tsim ntau yam tshuaj los yog polymers hauv Ludwigshafen integrated base, nrog rau qhov zoo mus txog qib zaub mov; Eastman paub txog tshuaj rov qab los ntawm cov khoom pov tseg ntawm polyester yas los ntawm polyester regeneration technology, uas tuaj yeem txo cov pa roj carbon monoxide emissions los ntawm 20% ~ 30% piv nrog cov txheej txheem ib txwm muaj; Peb tes num yog npaj yuav muab tso rau hauv lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj 2023 los ntawm kev siv lub txaj fluidized gasifier rau gasify cov yas khib nyiab uas tsis muaj purity thiab tsis yooj yim rau recycle thiab tsim methanol los ntawm syngas tau. Txoj kev no tuaj yeem txo cov pa roj carbon dioxide emissions los ntawm 100000 tons ib 60000 tons ntawm cov yas pov tseg. Tuam Tshoj Petrochemical Academy ntawm Sciences, Aerospace Science thiab Kev Lag Luam thiab lwm cov lag luam kuj tau ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig hauv cov yas rov ua dua tshiab.
Lub voj voog tshuaj tsis yog ib qho teeb meem nyuaj los ntawm kev pom, vim hais tias feem ntau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog thim rov qab: lawv tuaj yeem decomposed yog tias lawv tuaj yeem ua ke, thiab lawv tuaj yeem depolymerized yog tias lawv tuaj yeem ua polymerized. Tam sim no, qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws yog kev lag luam. Nws yog tus nqi thiab tus nqi. Yog li ntawd, kev daws teeb meem ib leeg tsis txaus, tab sis kuj xav tau kev txhawb nqa txoj cai, nrog rau tib neeg txoj kev pom zoo thiab kev nqis tes ua thoob ntiaj teb.
Ua kom nrawm rau daim ntawv thov thiab nrov ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tshuaj rov qab
Li Mingfeng, Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology
Kev rov ua dua tshiab ntawm cov yas pov tseg tau lees paub tias yog cov pa roj carbon tsawg, huv si thiab siv tau zoo nyob hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cov tuam txhab tshuaj lom neeg thoob ntiaj teb tau nrawm lawv cov txheej txheem hauv kev siv cov yas rov ua dua tshiab. LG, Saudi Basic Industry Corporation, BP thiab lwm lub tuam txhab nto moo thoob ntiaj teb tau ua kev tshawb fawb txog kev rov ua dua tshiab ntawm cov yas. Ntawm lawv, chemical rov qab yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Vim tias cov tshuaj rov qab siv tau rau cov khoom siv khib nyiab sib xyaw uas muaj cov ntsiab lus tsis huv thiab tsis tuaj yeem rov qab tau lub cev, nws raug suav tias yog kev txhim kho yav tom ntej ntawm kev lag luam. Tam sim no, tsuas yog 12% ntawm cov khoom pov tseg hauv Suav teb tau rov ua dua los ntawm kev siv lub cev, thiab yuav luag tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg, yog li tseem muaj chaw loj rau kev txhim kho.
Kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov tshuaj rov qab los yog khi rau kev txhawb nqa los ntawm kev siv tshuab. Cov tshuab khib nyiab yas pyrolysis yog cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb uas yuav luag txhua lub lag luam yuav siv. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tsim cov khoom siv khib nyiab pyrolysis yog qhov nyuaj heev, vim tias muaj ntau tshaj 200 hom yas raw cov ntaub ntawv koom nrog, suav nrog cov yas dav, tshwj xeeb plastics thiab engineering plastics, uas ua rau cov kev cai ntawm ntau yam refining thiab tshuaj lag luam complex. Tam sim no, txawm hais tias kev siv tshuab thev naus laus zis ntawm cov khib nyiab pov tseg hauv Suav teb tau ua tiav kev txhim kho sai, nws tseem nyob rau theem ntawm kev nthuav dav los ntawm me me mus rau kev tsav tsheb lossis kev ua qauv qhia. Kev ua tiav sai ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis yuav tsum muaj kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho thev naus laus zis ntau dua thiab kev koom tes dav dua.
Xyoo 2021, coj los ntawm Academy ntawm Petroleum Sciences, 11 units, suav nrog Lub Tuam Txhab Sib Koom Tes Engineering, Yanshan Petrochemical, Yangzi Petrochemical, Maoming Petrochemical, Tuam Tshoj Academy ntawm Environmental Sciences, Beijing Institute of Petroleum thiab Chemical Technology, Tongji University, Zhejiang Yangtze River Delta lub koom haum ntawm Kev Lag Luam thiab Kev Siv Tshuab, thov rau "Industrial Technology Innovation Center for Chemical Recycling of Waste Plastics" ntawm Petrochemical Federation thiab ua tiav daim ntawv tso cai. Hauv cov kauj ruam tom ntej, CAS yuav tso siab rau lub chaw ua haujlwm rau kev lag luam-tsev kawm ntawv-kev tshawb fawb kev sib koom tes tsim kho tshiab, siv zog los tsim kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob platform rau kev siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov khoom siv pov tseg uas haum rau ntau hom yas thiab ntau qhov chaw, txhim kho pov tseg plastics directional conversion technology, nqa tawm txoj kev loj hlob thiab muaj daim ntawv thov kev tshawb fawb ntawm tshiab pov tseg plastics chemical rov txheej txheem thiab sib txawv technology ua ke txheej txheem, thiab ua rau cov pov tseg plastics tshuaj recycling technology mus txog lub thoob ntiaj teb ua theem.
Ua cov khoom pov tseg yas rov ua dua tshiab
Guo Zifang, Tus Lwm Thawj Coj ntawm Sinopec Beijing Chemical Research Institute
Txhawm rau pab ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm "ob chav carbon", peb tau ua haujlwm hnyav ntawm "rov ua dua tshiab thiab siv tau", thiab tau nkag siab tob rau hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv polymer.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm "recyclable", feem ntau ntawm cov ntim plastics nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam yog ntau txheej. Cov yas no tsis yog polyolefins xwb, tab sis cov khoom sib txawv ntxiv ntau qhov nyuaj rau kev rov ua dua tshiab. Yuav kom ua tiav "recyclable", ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb yog xaiv ib qho khoom siv raw los tsim cov ntim yas, BOPE (biaxial tensile polyethylene) yog tus sawv cev. Cov qauv ntim khoom ib leeg no yog muab piv nrog cov qauv ntim khoom ntawm ntau yam khoom sib txawv, Nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev rov ua dua ntawm cov yas.
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm "usable", lub cev rov qab thiab tshuaj rov qab yog ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev rov ua dua cov khoom pov tseg. Peb ib txwm ua raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm "taug kev ntawm ob txhais ceg" thiab txhim kho ntau txoj hauv kev los xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom siv rov qab tuaj yeem siv tau. Hais txog lub cev rov qab los, peb tau koom tes nrog cov tsev kawm qib siab zoo thiab cov tuam txhab lag luam los daws cov teeb meem tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm tas mus li thiab rov qab siv cov yeeb yaj kiab yas rov ua dua tshiab, kev siv tshuab thev naus laus zis ntawm lub tsheb plastics, thiab ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig thawj zaug. Nyob rau hauv lub tshav pob ntawm cov tshuaj rov qab, peb muaj nws tus kheej tsim lub microwave plasma pyrolysis technology, siv pov tseg polymer raws li raw khoom rau cracking, thiab cov tawm los ntawm triethylene yog sib npaug rau cov tsoos naphtha chav cracking txheej txheem. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, peb tau nrawm rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho ua haujlwm hauv thaj chaw ntawm catalytic cracking, thiab tsom mus rau kev ua tiav cov tshuaj zoo rov qab ntawm ntau yam pov tseg plastics. Peb kuj tau tsim cov kuab tshuaj ntau theem, uas tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab los txhim kho kev sib txuas ntawm ntau yam polymers, tsim cov ntaub ntawv nrog kev ua tau zoo dua thiab ruaj khov, thiab xav kom paub txog qhov tsis muaj degradation rov qab siv cov hybrid plastics, uas tuaj yeem ua tau. siv rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev, kev tsim kho, kev thauj mus los thiab lwm yam haujlwm.
Kev rov ua dua tshiab thiab rov siv cov khoom pov tseg polymer yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam polymer hauv kev tsim thiab txhim kho ntsuab qis-carbon ncig kev lag luam kev lag luam. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, Beijing Institute of Chemical Technology yuav txuas ntxiv tsom mus rau kev txhim kho, kev siv, rov ua dua tshiab thiab rov ua dua cov ntaub ntawv tshiab, ua haujlwm txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua tau zoo thiab zoo ntawm lub cev rov ua dua tshiab, txhawb kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho thiab kev lag luam ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tshuaj tshiab tshiab, pab tsim tus qauv tshiab ntawm kev lag luam yas rov ua dua tshiab, thiab tsim kom muaj kev lag luam ntsuab kaw-loop industrial saw.
Tsis tu ncua tsim ntsuab thiab ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg degradable cov ntaub ntawv
Li Renhai, tus thawj coj ntawm kev nyab xeeb tsim khoom ntawm Yizheng Chemical Fiber Company thiab lub taub hau ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho pab pawg ntawm biodegradable cov ntaub ntawv project
Tam sim no, txoj kev loj hlob ntawm biodegradable plastics tseem ntsib ntau yam teeb meem. Tsis ntev los no, Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Ntsuam Xyuas Ib puag ncig thiab Kev Txhawb Txoj Cai ntawm Cov Plastics Degradable, koom tes tshawb fawb los ntawm Sinopec thiab Tsinghua University, tau tshaj tawm. Los ntawm kev tshawb xyuas ntxaws thiab kev tshuaj xyuas, daim ntawv tshaj tawm kev tshawb fawb tau tshaj tawm thawj zaug qhov kev ntsuas ntsuas qhov system ntawm cov yas degradable nrog degradability raws li qhov tseem ceeb piv nrog cov yas yas, thiab tshuaj xyuas txoj kev siv tau ntawm cov yas degradable los ntawm kev sib raug zoo thiab kev lag luam. Peb ntseeg hais tias daim ntawv tshaj tawm kev tshawb fawb no yog cov lus qhia coj los ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev lag luam yas biodegradable. Daim ntawv tshaj tawm kev tshawb fawb tau tso cov teeb meem xws li cov qauv kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv kev siv cov khoom siv yas biodegradable thiab cov nqi tsis zoo ntawm kev siv cov khoom yas biodegradable hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov chaw nyob.
Sinopec yog cov khoom siv hluavtaws loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Nws ib txwm tawm tswv yim kev tsim kho ntsuab thiab tseem ceeb rau kev tshawb fawb, kev tsim kho thiab kev siv cov yas degradable. Nws yog thawj tus tswv cuab kev lag luam hauv Suav teb Mainland. Yizheng Chemical Fiber txuas ntxiv mus tshawb fawb thiab tsim cov khoom ntsuab, ib puag ncig zoo, rov ua dua tshiab, rov ua dua thiab degradable polymer cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim khoom, ntxiv dag zog rau kev tshawb fawb, txhim kho cov peev txheej, thiab siv zog los nthuav cov yeeb yaj kiab ua liaj ua teb thiab lwm yam kev lag luam, ua tiav ntau dua. Kev tsim kho kom zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua qub, thiab txuas ntxiv txhim kho kev lag luam cuam tshuam ntawm Sinopec cov khoom siv biodegradable cov khoom lag luam, "Ecorigin", Txuas ntxiv txhawb cov leap ntawm cov khoom siv biodegradable los ntawm "cov khoom" mus rau "tus qauv" thiab los ntawm "cov khoom" mus rau "brand", thiab tsim daim npav tshiab ntsuab thiab huv si ntawm Sinopec.
Post lub sij hawm: Mar-08-2023