Tsis ntev tas los no, ib lub chaw tsim khoom peb tau npaj rau lawv cov ntaub ntawv los mus kuaj cov tshuaj phem. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau pom tias APEO tau kuaj pom hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Raws li qhov kev thov ntawm cov tub lag luam, peb tau pab lawv los txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau APEO ntau dhau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab tau txhim kho. Thaum kawg, lawv cov khoom tau dhau qhov kev sim tshuaj phem.
Niaj hnub no peb yuav qhia txog qee qhov kev tiv thaiv thaum muaj teeb meem tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom khau cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tus qauv.
Phthalates
Phthalate esters yog cov ntsiab lus dav dav rau cov khoom tau los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm phthalic anhydride nrog cawv.Nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov yas mos, txo cov av noo ntawm cov yas, thiab ua kom yooj yim rau cov txheej txheem thiab cov duab. Feem ntau, phthalates tau siv dav hauv cov menyuam yaus cov khoom ua si, polyvinyl chloride plastics (PVC), nrog rau cov nplaum nplaum, cov nplaum nplaum, cov tshuaj ntxuav tes, cov roj nplaum, cov tshuaj ntsuam luam ntawv, cov ntawv luam tawm tshav kub, cov yas inks, thiab PU coatings.
Phthalates raug cais raws li kev tsim cov tshuaj lom neeg los ntawm European Union, thiab muaj cov tshuaj hormones ib puag ncig, zoo ib yam li cov tshuaj estrogen, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tib neeg endocrine, txo cov phev thiab phev, phev motility tsawg, phev morphology yog txawv txav, thiab loj. Cov xwm txheej yuav ua rau mob qog noj ntshav, uas yog "tus neeg ua txhaum" ntawm cov teeb meem kev loj hlob ntawm txiv neej.
Ntawm cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, ntsia thawv polish muaj cov ntsiab lus siab tshaj ntawm phthalates, uas tseem muaj nyob rau hauv ntau cov khoom xyaw uas muaj ntxhiab ntawm cov tshuaj pleev ib ce. Cov tshuaj no hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce yuav nkag mus rau hauv lub cev los ntawm cov poj niam txoj kev ua pa thiab daim tawv nqaij. Yog tias siv ntau dhau lawm, nws yuav ua rau cov poj niam muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav mis thiab ua rau lub cev xeeb tub ntawm lawv cov menyuam yaus yav tom ntej.
Cov khoom ua si yas mos thiab cov khoom siv rau menyuam yaus uas muaj phthalates tuaj yeem siv los ntawm cov menyuam yaus. Yog tias sab laug rau lub sijhawm txaus, nws tuaj yeem ua rau kev sib cais ntawm phthalates ntau tshaj qhov kev nyab xeeb, ua rau cov menyuam yaus lub siab thiab lub raum, ua rau muaj menyuam tsis taus, thiab cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov menyuam yaus.
Countermeasures rau tshaj tus qauv ntawm ortho benzene
Vim tias tsis muaj dej tsis txaus ntawm phthalates / esters hauv dej, ntau qib phthalates ntawm cov yas lossis textiles tsis tuaj yeem txhim kho los ntawm kev kho tom qab xws li kev ntxuav dej. Hloov chaw, cov chaw tsim khoom tsuas tuaj yeem siv cov khoom siv raw uas tsis muaj phthalates rau kev tsim khoom thiab ua haujlwm.
Alkylphenol / Alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (AP / APEO)
Alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (APEO) tseem yog ib feem ntawm ntau cov tshuaj npaj hauv txhua qhov txuas ntawm kev tsim cov khaub ncaws thiab khau ntaub.APEO tau ntev tau siv los ua ib qho surfactant lossis emulsifier hauv cov tshuaj ntxuav tes, tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob, luam ntawv pastes, spinning roj, thiab cov tshuaj ntub dej. Nws tseem tuaj yeem siv los ua tawv degreasing khoom hauv kev lag luam tawv tawv.
APEO tuaj yeem maj mam degraded nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig thiab thaum kawg decomposed rau hauv Alkylphenol (AP). Cov khoom degradation no muaj zog toxicity rau cov kab mob hauv dej thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam ntev rau ib puag ncig. Cov khoom lag luam decomposed ib nrab ntawm APEO muaj ib puag ncig cov tshuaj hormones zoo li cov khoom, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov haujlwm endocrine ntawm cov tsiaj qus thiab tib neeg.
Kev ntsuas teb rau ntau tshaj APEO cov qauv
APEO yooj yim soluble hauv dej thiab tuaj yeem tshem tawm ntawm textiles los ntawm kev ntxuav dej kub kub. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntxiv qhov tsim nyog ntawm tus neeg nkag mus thiab xab npum thaum lub sijhawm ntxuav tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov seem ntawm APEO hauv textiles, tab sis nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias cov additives siv yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj APEO lawv tus kheej.
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub softener siv nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem softening tom qab ntxuav yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj APEO, txwv tsis pub APEO tej zaum yuav reintroduced rau hauv cov khoom.Thaum APEO tshaj tus qauv hauv cov yas, nws tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm. Tsuas yog cov khoom siv ntxiv lossis cov khoom siv raw yam tsis muaj APEO tuaj yeem siv thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom kom tsis txhob APEO tshaj tus qauv hauv cov ntaub ntawv yas.
Yog tias APEO tshaj tus qauv hauv cov khoom, nws raug nquahu kom cov chaw tsim khoom ua ntej tshawb xyuas seb cov txheej txheem luam ntawv thiab dyeing lossis cov khoom siv ntxiv los ntawm kev luam ntawv thiab dyeing enterprise muaj APEO. Yog tias muaj, hloov lawv nrog cov tshuaj ntxiv uas tsis muaj APEO.
Kev ntsuas kev teb rau ntau tshaj AP cov qauv
Yog tias AP hauv textiles tshaj tus qauv, nws yuav yog vim muaj cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm APEO hauv cov khoom siv ntxiv hauv lawv cov khoom tsim thiab kev ua, thiab qhov decomposition tau tshwm sim lawm. Thiab vim tias AP nws tus kheej tsis yooj yim soluble hauv dej, yog AP tshaj tus qauv hauv textiles, nws tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev ntxuav dej. Cov txheej txheem luam ntawv thiab dyeing lossis kev lag luam tsuas tuaj yeem siv cov khoom siv ntxiv yam tsis muaj AP thiab APEO rau kev tswj hwm. Thaum AP nyob rau hauv cov yas siab tshaj tus qauv, nws tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm.Nws tsuas tuaj yeem zam tau los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv ntxiv lossis cov khoom siv raw uas tsis muaj AP thiab APEO thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom.
Chlorophenol (PCP) lossis organic chlorine carrier (COC)
Chlorophenol (PCP) feem ntau yog hais txog cov khoom siv xws li pentachlorophenol, tetrachlorophenol, trichlorophenol, dichlorophenol, thiab monochlorophenol, thaum cov organic chlorine carriers (COCs) feem ntau muaj chlorobenzene thiab chlorotoluene.
Organic chlorine carriers tau dav siv los ua cov organic hnyav hauv polyester dyeing, tab sis nrog kev txhim kho thiab hloov kho cov khoom siv thiab cov txheej txheem dyeing, kev siv cov organic chlorine carriers tau dhau los ua tsis tshua muaj.Chlorophenol feem ntau yog siv los ua cov tshuaj tua kab mob rau textiles lossis dyes, tab sis vim nws muaj zog toxicity, nws tsis tshua muaj siv los ua cov tshuaj tua kab mob.
Txawm li cas los xij, chlorobenzene, chlorinated toluene, thiab chlorophenol kuj tseem siv tau los ua cov nruab nrab hauv cov txheej txheem dye synthesis. Cov dyes uas tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem no feem ntau muaj cov seem ntawm cov tshuaj no, thiab txawm tias lwm cov khoom seem tsis tseem ceeb, vim tias muaj kev tswj hwm qis, kev tshawb pom ntawm cov khoom no hauv textiles lossis dyes tseem tuaj yeem dhau cov qauv. Nws tau tshaj tawm tias nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem dyeing, cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem siv los tshem tawm tag nrho peb hom tshuaj, tab sis nws yuav ua rau tus nqi nce ntxiv.
Kev ntsuas rau COC thiab PCP tshaj cov qauv
Thaum cov tshuaj xws li chlorobenzene, chlorotoluene, thiab chlorophenol nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv ntau tshaj tus qauv, cov chaw tsim tshuaj paus tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas seb cov tshuaj no puas muaj nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem luam ntawv thiab dyeing los yog hauv cov dyes lossis additives siv los ntawm cov chaw luam ntawv thiab dyeing. Yog tias pom, dyes lossis additives uas tsis muaj qee yam tshuaj yuav tsum tau siv rau kev tsim khoom tom ntej.
Vim tias cov tshuaj no tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm ncaj qha los ntawm kev ntxuav nrog dej. Yog tias tsim nyog los daws nws, nws tsuas yog ua tau los ntawm kev tshem tawm tag nrho cov dyes los ntawm cov ntaub thiab tom qab ntawd dyeing cov khoom dua nrog cov dyes thiab additives uas tsis muaj peb hom tshuaj.
Post lub sij hawm: Apr-14-2023