Export ntawv pov thawj yog kev pom zoo kev lag luam, thiab kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb tam sim no yog qhov nyuaj thiab hloov pauv mus ib txhis. Lub hom phiaj sib txawv thiab cov khoom lag luam xav tau cov ntawv pov thawj thiab cov qauv sib txawv.
International ntawv pov thawj
1. ISO9000
Lub koom haum International rau Standardization yog lub ntiaj teb loj tshaj plaws tsis yog-tsoom fwv tshwj xeeb lub koom haum rau standardization, thiab nws tuav ib tug tseem ceeb txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub thoob ntiaj teb standardization.
ISO9000 tus qauv yog muab los ntawm International Organization for Standardization (ISO), uas ua raws li GB / T19000-ISO9000 tsev neeg ntawm cov qauv, ua cov ntawv pov thawj zoo, tswj cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm thoob ntiaj teb, npaj cov ntaub ntawv sib pauv ntawm cov tswvcuab hauv tebchaws thiab pawg kws tshaj lij, thiab koom tes nrog lwm tus. cov koom haum thoob ntiaj teb los koom ua ke kawm txog cov teeb meem kev cai.
2. GMP
GMP stands rau Good Manufacturing Practice, uas hais txog kev tswj cov zaub mov huv thiab kev nyab xeeb thaum lub sij hawm tsim khoom.
Yooj yim muab tso, GMP xav kom cov tuam txhab tsim khoom noj kom muaj cov khoom tsim khoom zoo, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tsim nyog, kev tswj hwm lub suab zoo, thiab cov txheej txheem kuaj nruj kom ntseeg tau tias qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom kawg (xws li kev nyab xeeb khoom noj khoom haus thiab kev nyiam huv) ua tau raws li kev cai. Cov ntsiab lus tau teev tseg los ntawm GMP yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas cov lag luam ua zaub mov yuav tsum tau ua.
3. HACCP
HACCP sawv cev rau Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point.
HACCP system yog suav tias yog qhov kev tswj xyuas zoo tshaj plaws thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws rau kev tswj cov zaub mov kev nyab xeeb thiab tsw zoo. Lub teb chaws tus qauv GB / T15091-1994 "Basic Terminology of the Food Industry" txhais HACCP raws li txoj kev tswj hwm rau kev tsim khoom (ua tiav) cov zaub mov zoo. Txheeb xyuas cov khoom siv raw, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tseem ceeb, thiab tib neeg cov yam ntxwv uas cuam tshuam rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom, txiav txim siab cov kev sib txuas tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem ua, tsim thiab txhim kho cov txheej txheem kev soj ntsuam thiab cov qauv, thiab ua cov txheej txheem kho kom raug.
Tus txheej txheem thoob ntiaj teb CAC/RCP-1 "Cov Ntsiab Cai ntawm Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv, 1997 Revision 3" txhais HACCP raws li ib txoj hauv kev rau kev txheeb xyuas, tshuaj xyuas, thiab tswj kev phom sij uas tseem ceeb rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm zaub mov.
4. EMC
Kev sib xyaw ntawm electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, uas tsis yog tsuas yog cuam tshuam nrog kev ntseeg siab thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom nws tus kheej, tab sis kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj ntawm lwm yam khoom siv thiab cov tshuab, thiab muaj feem xyuam nrog cov khoom siv. tiv thaiv electromagnetic ib puag ncig.
Tsoom fwv European Community tau teev tseg tias txij lub Ib Hlis Ntuj Tim 1, 1996, tag nrho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob yuav tsum dhau EMC daim ntawv pov thawj thiab muab CE kos ua ntej lawv tuaj yeem muag hauv European Community market. Qhov no tau muaj kev cuam tshuam thoob plaws ntiaj teb, thiab tsoomfwv thoob plaws ntiaj teb tau ntsuas kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm ntawm RMC kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob. Kev cuam tshuam thoob ntiaj teb, xws li EU 89/336/EEC.
5. PIB
IPPC marking, tseem hu ua International Standard for Wooden Packaging Quarantine Measures. IPPC logo yog siv los txheeb xyuas cov ntim ntoo uas ua raws li IPPC cov qauv, qhia tias cov ntim ntoo tau ua tiav raws li IPPC cov qauv kev cais tawm.
Thaum Lub Peb Hlis 2002, International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) tau tshaj tawm International Plant Quarantine Measures Standard No. 15, hu ua "Cov Lus Qhia rau Kev Tswj Cov Khoom Siv Ntoo Ntoo hauv Kev Lag Luam Thoob Ntiaj Teb," tseem hu ua International Standard No. 15. IPPC logo yog siv los txheeb xyuas cov ntim ntoo uas ua raws li IPPC cov qauv, qhia tias lub hom phiaj ntim tau ua tiav raws li IPPC cov qauv kev cais tawm.
6. SGS ntawv pov thawj (International)
SGS yog cov ntawv luv ntawm Societe Generale de Surveillance SA, txhais ua "General Notary Public". Nws tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1887 thiab tam sim no yog lub ntiaj teb loj tshaj plaws thiab qub tshaj plaws ntiag tug thib peb-tog multinational tuam txhab koom nrog hauv kev tswj cov khoom zoo thiab kev ntsuam xyuas, lub hauv paus hauv Geneva.
SGS cov kev lag luam ntsig txog kev lag luam feem ntau suav nrog: tshuaj xyuas (kev tshuaj xyuas) cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb, kom muaj nuj nqis (qhov hnyav), thiab ntim khoom; Saib xyuas thiab thauj khoom ntawm cov khoom thauj khoom loj; Pom zoo tus nqi; Tau txais daim ntawv ceeb toom los ntawm SGS.
European daim ntawv pov thawj
EU
1. CE
CE sawv cev rau European Kev Sib Koom Tes (CONFORMITE EUROPEENNE), uas yog daim ntawv pov thawj kev nyab xeeb uas suav tias yog daim ntawv hla tebchaws rau cov tuam txhab qhib thiab nkag mus rau European lag luam. Cov khoom lag luam nrog cov cim CE tuaj yeem muag hauv ntau lub xeev EU cov tswv cuab, ua tiav cov khoom xa tawm dawb hauv EU cov tswv cuab.
Cov khoom lag luam uas xav tau CE daim ntawv lo rau muag hauv EU lag luam suav nrog cov hauv qab no:
· Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv tshuab, cov khoom ua si, cov khoom siv wireless thiab kev sib txuas lus, cov tub yees thiab cov khoom siv khov, cov khoom siv tiv thaiv tus kheej, cov hlab ntsha yooj yim, cov dej kub boilers, cov khoom siv siab, kev lom zem nkoj, cov khoom siv hauv vitro diagnostic kho mob, implantable kho mob cov khoom siv, cov khoom siv kho mob hluav taws xob, cov cuab yeej nqa khoom, cov khoom siv roj, cov khoom siv tsis siv neeg hnyav
2. RoHS
RoHS yog cov ntawv luv luv rau Kev txwv tsis pub siv qee yam phom sij hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob, tseem hu ua 2002/95 / EC Cov Lus Qhia.
RoHS lub hom phiaj tag nrho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob uas yuav muaj rau 6 yam tsis zoo uas tau hais los saum no hauv lawv cov khoom siv raw thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, feem ntau suav nrog:
· Cov khoom siv dawb (xws li lub tub yees, tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws, microwaves, cua txias, lub tshuab nqus tsev, lub tshuab rhaub dej, thiab lwm yam) · Cov khoom siv dub (xws li suab, video khoom, DVDs, CDs, TV receivers, IT khoom, cov khoom siv digital, kev sib txuas lus cov khoom, thiab lwm yam) · Cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob · Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv kho mob hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam
3. REACH
Txoj Cai EU ntawm Kev Sau Npe, Kev Ntsuam Xyuas, Kev Tso Cai thiab Kev Txwv Cov Tshuaj, luv luv raws li Txoj Cai ntawm Kev Sau Npe, Kev Ntsuam Xyuas, Kev Tso Cai thiab Kev Txwv Cov Tshuaj, yog ib qho kev tswj hwm tshuaj uas tsim los ntawm EU thiab tau siv rau lub Rau Hli 1, 2007.
Cov txheej txheem no suav nrog kev tswj hwm cov lus pom zoo rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev tsim tshuaj lom neeg, kev lag luam, thiab kev siv, txhawm rau tiv thaiv tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb ib puag ncig, tswj thiab txhim kho kev sib tw ntawm EU tshuaj lom neeg kev lag luam, thiab tsim cov peev txheej tshiab rau cov khoom tsis muaj tshuaj lom thiab tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj.
Daim ntawv qhia REACH xav kom cov tshuaj ntshuam thiab tsim tawm hauv Tebchaws Europe yuav tsum dhau los ntawm cov txheej txheem kev sau npe, kev tshuaj xyuas, kev tso cai, thiab kev txwv kom zoo dua thiab yooj yim txheeb xyuas cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab ua kom ib puag ncig thiab tib neeg kev nyab xeeb. Cov lus qhia no feem ntau suav nrog ntau yam tseem ceeb xws li kev sau npe, kev ntsuam xyuas, kev tso cai, thiab kev txwv. Txhua yam khoom yuav tsum muaj cov ntaub ntawv sau npe uas teev cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab piav qhia tias cov chaw tsim khoom siv cov khoom siv tshuaj no li cas, nrog rau daim ntawv tshaj tawm kev soj ntsuam toxicity.
Tebchaws Askiv
BSI
BSI yog lub koom haum British Standards Institution, uas yog lub ntiaj teb thawj lub teb chaws tus qauv tsim lub cev. Nws tsis yog tswj hwm los ntawm tsoomfwv tab sis tau txais kev txhawb zog los ntawm tsoomfwv. BSI tsim thiab kho cov qauv British thiab txhawb nqa lawv txoj kev siv.
Fabkis
NF
NF yog lub npe code rau Fabkis tus qauv, uas tau siv nyob rau hauv 1938 thiab yog tswj los ntawm Fabkis lub koom haum rau Standardization (AFNOR).
NF ntawv pov thawj tsis yog yuav tsum tau, tab sis feem ntau, cov khoom xa tawm mus rau Fabkis yuav tsum tau ntawv pov thawj NF. Fab Kis NF daim ntawv pov thawj yog sib xws nrog EU CE daim ntawv pov thawj, thiab NF ntawv pov thawj tshaj EU cov qauv hauv ntau qhov chaw tshaj lij. Yog li, cov khoom lag luam uas tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj NF tuaj yeem tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj CE ncaj qha yam tsis tas yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas cov khoom, thiab tsuas yog yuav tsum muaj cov txheej txheem yooj yim xwb. Cov neeg siv khoom Fabkis feem ntau muaj kev ntseeg siab hauv NF ntawv pov thawj. NF daim ntawv pov thawj feem ntau yog siv rau peb hom khoom: khoom siv hauv tsev, rooj tog zaum, thiab khoom siv hauv tsev.
Lub teb chaws Yelemees
1. DIN
DIN sawv cev rau Deutsche Institute fur Normung. DIN yog txoj cai tswj hwm tus qauv hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees, ua haujlwm raws li lub koom haum tsim qauv hauv tebchaws thiab koom nrog cov koom haum thoob ntiaj teb thiab hauv cheeb tsam uas tsis yog tsoomfwv cov txheej txheem.
DIN tau koom nrog International Organization for Standardization nyob rau hauv 1951. Lub koom haum German Electrotechnical Commission (DKE), sib koom ua ke ntawm DIN thiab German Institute of Electrical Engineers (VDE), sawv cev rau lub teb chaws Yelemees hauv International Electrotechnical Commission. DIN tseem yog European Commission rau Standardization thiab European Electrotechnical Standard.
2. GS
Lub cim GS (Geprufte Sicherheit) yog daim ntawv pov thawj kev nyab xeeb uas muab los ntawm T Ü V, VDE thiab lwm lub koom haum tso cai los ntawm German Ministry of Labor. Nws tau txais dav los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom nyob sab Europe raws li cov cim kev nyab xeeb. Feem ntau, GS cov khoom muaj ntawv pov thawj muaj tus nqi muag ntau dua thiab nrov dua.
GS daim ntawv pov thawj muaj cov kev cai nruj rau kev ruaj ntseg zoo ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom, thiab cov chaw tsim khoom yuav tsum tau mus xyuas thiab tshuaj xyuas txhua xyoo:
Xav tau cov chaw tsim khoom los tsim lawv tus kheej kev ruaj ntseg zoo raws li ISO9000 tus qauv txheej txheem thaum thauj khoom ntau. Lub Hoobkas yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog nws tus kheej tswj qhov zoo, cov ntaub ntawv zoo, thiab muaj peev xwm ntau lawm thiab tshuaj xyuas.
Ua ntej muab daim ntawv pov thawj GS, kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm lub Hoobkas tshiab yuav tsum tau ua kom paub tseeb tias nws tsim nyog ua ntej muab daim ntawv pov thawj GS; Tom qab muab daim ntawv pov thawj, lub Hoobkas yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas tsawg kawg ib xyoos ib zaug. Tsis muaj teeb meem ntau npaum li cas cov khoom lag luam siv rau TUV cov cim, lub Hoobkas tshuaj xyuas tsuas yog yuav tsum tau ua ib zaug.
Cov khoom uas xav tau GS daim ntawv pov thawj muaj xws li:
· Cov khoom siv hauv tsev, xws li tub yees, tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws, khoom siv hauv tsev, thiab lwm yam · Khoom siv hauv tsev · Cov khoom siv ua kis las · Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev, xws li cov khoom siv suab nrov · Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob hauv chaw ua haujlwm, xws li tshuab luam ntawv, fax tshuab, shredders, computers, printers, thiab lwm yam · Muaj tshuab thiab cov cuab yeej ntsuas ntsuas · Lwm yam khoom siv kev nyab xeeb, xws li tsheb kauj vab, kaus mom hlau, ntaiv, rooj tog zaum, thiab lwm yam.
3. VDE
Lub koom haum VDE Testing and Certification Institute yog ib qho ntawm cov kev sim ntau tshaj plaws, ntawv pov thawj, thiab cov koom haum soj ntsuam hauv Tebchaws Europe.
Raws li lub koom haum thoob ntiaj teb lees paub rau kev kuaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ntawv pov thawj ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab lawv cov khoom, VDE nyiam lub koob npe nrov hauv Tebchaws Europe thiab txawm tias thoob ntiaj teb. Nws cov khoom soj ntsuam muaj xws li cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab kev lag luam, cov khoom siv IT, cov khoom siv kho mob thiab cov cuab yeej siv kho mob, cov khoom sib dhos thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov xov hlau thiab cables, thiab lwm yam.
4. TUG
Lub TÜ V mark, tseem hu ua Technischer ü berwach ü ngs Verein hauv German, yog daim ntawv pov thawj kev nyab xeeb tshwj xeeb uas tsim los rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees. Hauv lus Askiv, nws txhais tau tias "Technical Inspection Association". Nws tau txais dav hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab Europe. Thaum ua ntawv thov rau TÜ V logo, cov tuam txhab tuaj yeem thov rau CB daim ntawv pov thawj ua ke thiab tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj los ntawm lwm lub tebchaws los ntawm kev hloov pauv.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tom qab cov khoom tau lees paub, T Ü V hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees yuav tshawb nrhiav cov khoom tsim nyog thiab pom zoo cov khoom no rau cov tuam txhab rectifier. Thaum lub sij hawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawv pov thawj tshuab, tag nrho cov khoom uas tau txais T Ü V cim raug zam los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas.
North American ntawv pov thawj
Tebchaws Meskas
1. UL
UL sawv cev rau Underwriter Laboratories Inc., uas yog lub koom haum muaj cai tshaj plaws hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab yog ib lub tuam tsev ntiav loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb koom nrog kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntsuas.
Nws siv txoj hauv kev tshawb fawb los kawm thiab txiav txim siab seb puas muaj ntau yam khoom siv, cov khoom siv, cov khoom siv, cov chaw, cov tsev, thiab lwm yam. ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau lub neej thiab khoom, thiab qib ntawm kev puas tsuaj; Txiav txim siab, sau ntawv, thiab faib cov qauv thiab cov ntaub ntawv sib xws uas pab txo thiab tiv thaiv kev poob rau lub neej thiab khoom, thaum ua cov kev tshawb fawb qhov tseeb.
Hauv luv luv, nws tsuas yog koom nrog cov khoom pov thawj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev nyab xeeb kev lag luam ntawv pov thawj, nrog rau lub hom phiaj kawg ntawm kev tau txais cov khoom lag luam nrog ntau theem kev nyab xeeb hauv kev ua lag luam, thiab ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm tus kheej.
Raws li ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev tshem tawm cov teeb meem kev lag luam hauv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb, UL ua lub luag haujlwm zoo hauv kev txhawb nqa kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb los ntawm cov khoom pov thawj kev nyab xeeb.
2. FDA
Lub Chaw Tswj Xyuas Khoom Noj thiab Tshuaj Hauv Tebchaws Meskas, abbreviated li FDA. FDA yog ib lub koom haum ua haujlwm tsim los ntawm tsoomfwv Meskas hauv Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Tib Neeg thiab Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv. FDA lub luag haujlwm yog ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov zaub mov, tshuaj pleev ib ce, tshuaj, biologics, khoom siv kho mob, thiab cov khoom hluav taws xob uas tsim los yog xa tawm hauv Tebchaws Meskas.
Raws li txoj cai, FDA yuav muab tus lej sau npe rau txhua tus neeg thov kev tso npe. Cov koom haum txawv teb chaws xa zaub mov mus rau Tebchaws Meskas yuav tsum ceeb toom rau US Food and Drug Administration 24 teev ua ntej tuaj txog ntawm US chaw nres nkoj, txwv tsis pub nws yuav raug txwv tsis pub nkag thiab raug kaw ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj nkag.
3. ETLETL yog lub npe luv rau Kev Ntsuas Hluav Taws Xob hauv Tebchaws Meskas.
Txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob, khoom siv hluav taws xob lossis hluav taws xob hluav taws xob uas dais ETL tshuaj xyuas lub cim qhia tias nws tau raug sim thiab ua tau raws li cov qauv kev lag luam. Txhua qhov kev lag luam muaj cov qauv ntsuas sib txawv, yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev sab laj cov kws tshaj lij rau cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb. ETL tshuaj xyuas lub cim yog dav siv hauv cov khoom siv cable, qhia tias nws tau dhau qhov kev xeem cuam tshuam.
4. FCC
Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Kev Sib Txuas Lus Commission tswj xyuas kev sib txuas lus hauv tsev thiab thoob ntiaj teb los ntawm kev tswj hwm xov tooj cua tshaj tawm, TV, kev sib txuas lus, satellites, thiab cables. Koom nrog ntau dua 50 lub xeev hauv Tebchaws Meskas, Colombia, thiab nws thaj chaw. Ntau cov khoom siv wireless, cov khoom siv sib txuas lus, thiab cov khoom siv digital xav tau kev pom zoo FCC los nkag rau hauv Asmeskas kev lag luam.
FCC daim ntawv pov thawj, tseem hu ua Federal Communications Certification hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Xws li cov computers, fax machines, electronic devices, wireless receive and transmission equipment, wireless remote control toys, xov tooj, computers, thiab lwm yam khoom uas yuav ua rau muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm tus kheej.
Yog tias cov khoom raug xa tawm mus rau Tebchaws Meskas, nws yuav tsum tau kuaj thiab pom zoo los ntawm tsoomfwv cov chaw kuaj mob raws li FCC cov qauv. Cov neeg xa khoom thiab cov neeg sawv cev kev lis kev cai yuav tsum tshaj tawm tias txhua lub xov tooj cua zaus ua raws li FCC cov qauv, xws li FCC daim ntawv tso cai.
5. TSO
Txoj Cai Tswj Cov Tshuaj Toxic, luv luv li TSCA, tau tsim los ntawm US Congress hauv 1976 thiab tau pib siv rau xyoo 1977. Nws yog siv los ntawm US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Tsab cai lij choj tsom rau kev txiav txim siab txog ib puag ncig, kev lag luam, thiab kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv Tebchaws Meskas, thiab tiv thaiv "kev pheej hmoo tsis tsim nyog" rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv thiab ib puag ncig. Tom qab ntau qhov kev hloov kho, TSCA tau dhau los ua cov kev cai tseem ceeb rau kev tswj hwm cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Rau cov tuam txhab uas lawv cov khoom xa tawm mus rau Tebchaws Meskas poob rau hauv TSCA kev tswj hwm qeb, TSCA ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau kev ua lag luam ib txwm.
Canada
BSI
BSI yog lub koom haum British Standards Institution, uas yog lub ntiaj teb thawj lub teb chaws tus qauv tsim lub cev. Nws tsis yog tswj hwm los ntawm tsoomfwv tab sis tau txais kev txhawb zog los ntawm tsoomfwv. BSI tsim thiab kho cov qauv British thiab txhawb nqa lawv txoj kev siv.
CSA
CSA yog lub npe luv ntawm Canadian Standards Association, tsim nyob rau hauv 1919 raws li Canada thawj lub koom haum tsis muaj txiaj ntsig tau mob siab rau tsim cov qauv kev lag luam.
Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob muag hauv North American lag luam xav tau ntawv pov thawj raws li kev nyab xeeb. Tam sim no, CSA yog lub cev ntawv pov thawj kev ruaj ntseg loj tshaj plaws hauv Canada thiab yog ib lub koom haum pov thawj kev ruaj ntseg nto moo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Nws tuaj yeem muab ntawv pov thawj kev nyab xeeb rau txhua yam khoom, suav nrog cov tshuab, khoom siv hauv tsev, khoom siv hluav taws xob, khoom siv computer, khoom siv hauv chaw ua haujlwm, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, kev nyab xeeb hluav taws kub, kev ua si thiab kev lom zem. CSA tau muab kev pabcuam ntawv pov thawj rau ntau txhiab tus neeg tsim khoom thoob ntiaj teb, nrog ntau pua lab ntawm cov khoom lag luam uas muaj CSA logo muag txhua xyoo hauv North American lag luam.
Cov ntawv pov thawj Asian
Tuam Tshoj
1. CCC
Raws li Tuam Tshoj txoj kev cog lus rau kev nkag mus rau WTO thiab lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev xav txog kev kho mob hauv lub tebchaws, lub xeev siv lub logo sib koom ua ke rau kev tsim khoom pov thawj. Lub teb chaws tshiab yuav tsum tau daim ntawv pov thawj yog lub npe hu ua "China Compulsory Certification", nrog rau cov lus Askiv lub npe "China Compulsory Certification" thiab cov lus Askiv abbreviation "CCC".
Tuam Tshoj siv cov khoom lag luam yuav tsum tau ntawv pov thawj rau 149 cov khoom hauv 22 pawg loj. Tom qab qhov kev siv ntawm Tuam Tshoj qhov yuav tsum tau daim ntawv pov thawj cim, nws yuav maj mam hloov tus thawj "Great Wall" cim thiab "CCIB" cim.
2. IB
CB yog lub teb chaws daim ntawv pov thawj lub cev tau lees paub thiab muab nrog CB daim ntawv pov thawj los ntawm Pawg Tswj Xyuas Kev Tswj Xyuas (Mc) ntawm International Electrotechnical Commission's Electrical Product Safety Certification Organization (iEcEE) thaum Lub Rau Hli 1991. Lub 9 lub chaw soj ntsuam subordinate tau txais raws li CB chaw soj ntsuam (cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj lub cev lub chaw soj nstuam. ). Rau tag nrho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, tsuav yog lub tuam txhab tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj CB thiab daim ntawv tshaj tawm los ntawm pawg thawj coj, 30 lub teb chaws cov tswv cuab hauv IECEE ccB system yuav raug lees paub, qhov tseem ceeb tshem tawm qhov xav tau xa cov qauv mus rau lub teb chaws tuaj kuaj. Qhov no txuag tau tus nqi thiab lub sijhawm kom tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm lub teb chaws, uas yog qhov zoo heev rau kev xa tawm cov khoom.
Nyiv
PSE
Qhov yuav tsum tau nkag mus rau kev lag luam rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv Nyij Pooj kuj yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm Nyiv Hluav Taws Xob Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob Txoj Cai.
Tam sim no, tsoomfwv Nyij Pooj tau faib cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau hauv "cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb" thiab "cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis tshwj xeeb" raws li cov kev cai ntawm Japanese Electrical Product Safety Law, cov "cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb" suav nrog 115 hom khoom; Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis tshwj xeeb suav nrog 338 hom khoom.
PSE suav nrog cov kev cai rau EMC thiab kev nyab xeeb. Rau cov khoom lag luam uas tau teev tseg hauv "cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb" catalog, nkag mus rau hauv Nyij Pooj ua lag luam, lawv yuav tsum tau lees paub los ntawm lub koom haum thib peb uas tau tso cai los ntawm Nyiv Ministry of Economy, Trade thiab Industry, tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj, thiab muaj lub pob zeb diamond zoo li tus. PSE logo ntawm daim ntawv lo.
CQC yog tib lub cev ntawv pov thawj hauv Suav teb uas tau thov rau Japanese PSE daim ntawv tso cai tso cai. Tam sim no, cov khoom lag luam ntawm Nyiv PSE cov khoom pov thawj tau txais los ntawm CQC yog peb pawg loj: cov xov hlau thiab cables (suav nrog 20 cov khoom), cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv teeb pom kev zoo, thiab lwm yam, nrog rau 38 cov khoom), thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob. (cov khoom siv hauv tsev, suav nrog 12 yam khoom).
Kauslim
KC mark
Raws li Txoj Cai Tswj Xyuas Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Kaus Lim Kauslim, KC Mark Certification Products List faib cov khoom siv hluav taws xob pov thawj kev nyab xeeb rau hauv daim ntawv pov thawj yuav tsum tau thiab daim ntawv pov thawj yeem pib txij lub Ib Hlis 1, 2009.
Cov ntawv pov thawj yuav tsum yog hais txog txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob uas muaj nyob rau hauv qeb yuav tsum tau ua thiab yuav tsum tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj KC Mark ua ntej lawv tuaj yeem muag hauv khw Kauslim. Yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas lub Hoobkas txhua xyoo thiab kuaj cov khoom kuaj. Kev tswj hwm tus kheej (kev yeem) daim ntawv pov thawj yog hais txog txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob uas yog cov khoom siv yeem uas tsuas yog yuav tsum tau kuaj thiab ntawv pov thawj, thiab tsis tas yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas lub Hoobkas. Daim ntawv pov thawj siv tau rau 5 xyoos.
Ntawv pov thawj nyob rau hauv lwm cheeb tsam
Australia
1. C/A- daim pib
Nws yog daim ntawv pov thawj uas tau muab los ntawm Australian Communications Authority (ACA) rau cov khoom siv sib txuas lus, nrog rau C-tick certification voj voog ntawm 1-2 lub lis piam.
Cov khoom lag luam tau dhau los ntawm ACAQ cov qauv kev xeem, sau npe nrog ACA siv A / C-Tick, ua tiav Daim Ntawv Tshaj Tawm Txog Kev Ua Raws Cai, thiab txuag nws ua ke nrog cov ntaub ntawv ua raws li cov khoom lag luam. Daim ntawv lo nrog A / C-Tick logo yog affixed rau cov khoom sib txuas lus lossis khoom siv. A-Tick muag rau cov neeg siv khoom tsuas yog siv tau rau cov khoom sib txuas lus, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob feem ntau yog daim ntawv thov C-Tick. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thov rau A-Tick, lawv tsis tas yuav thov rau C-Tick cais. Txij li lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2001, EMI daim ntawv thov los ntawm Australia / New Zealand tau raug muab ua ke; Yog tias cov khoom yuav raug muag hauv ob lub tebchaws no, cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no yuav tsum ua kom tiav ua ntej kev lag luam, nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ACA (Australian Communications Authority) los yog New Zealand (Ministry of Economic Development) cov tub ceev xwm ua random tshuaj xyuas txhua lub sijhawm.
EMC system hauv Australia muab cov khoom faib ua peb theem, thiab cov neeg muag khoom yuav tsum tau sau npe nrog ACA thiab thov kev siv C-Tick logo ua ntej muag khoom qib 2 thiab qib 3.
2. UAS
SAA daim ntawv pov thawj yog ib lub koom haum txheej txheem raws li Standards Association ntawm Australia, yog li ntau tus phooj ywg xa mus rau Australian ntawv pov thawj raws li SAA. SAA yog daim ntawv pov thawj uas feem ntau ntsib los ntawm kev lag luam uas cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nkag mus rau hauv Australian lag luam yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai tswj kev nyab xeeb hauv zos. Raws li kev pom zoo kev pom zoo ntawm Australia thiab New Zealand, tag nrho cov khoom muaj ntawv pov thawj los ntawm Australia tuaj yeem nkag mus rau New Zealand ua lag luam muag.
Txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj kev nyab xeeb (SAA).
Muaj ob lub ntsiab ntawm SAA logos, ib qho yog kev lees paub thiab lwm yam yog cov qauv logos. Cov ntawv pov thawj raug cai tsuas yog lub luag haujlwm rau cov qauv, thaum cov qauv cim yuav tsum tau saib xyuas lub Hoobkas rau txhua tus neeg.
Tam sim no, muaj ob txoj hauv kev los thov SAA daim ntawv pov thawj hauv Suav teb. Ib qho yog hloov CB daim ntawv xeem. Yog tias tsis muaj CB daim ntawv tshaj tawm, koj tuaj yeem thov ncaj qha. Feem ntau, lub sijhawm thov rau Australian SAA ntawv pov thawj rau ITAV teeb pom kev zoo thiab cov khoom siv hauv tsev me me yog 3-4 lub lis piam. Yog tias cov khoom zoo tsis ua raws li cov qauv, lub hnub yuav raug ncua. Thaum xa daim ntawv tshaj tawm rau kev tshuaj xyuas hauv Australia, nws yuav tsum tau muab daim ntawv pov thawj SAA rau cov khoom ntsaws (tsuas yog rau cov khoom siv nrog cov ntsaws), txwv tsis pub nws yuav tsis ua tiav. Cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom xav tau daim ntawv pov thawj SAA, xws li daim ntawv pov thawj SAA transformer rau cov teeb pom kev zoo, txwv tsis pub Australian cov ntaub ntawv tshawb xyuas yuav tsis pom zoo.
Saudi Arabia
SASO
Cov ntawv luv rau Saudi Arabian Standards Organization. SASO yog lub luag haujlwm los tsim cov qauv hauv tebchaws rau txhua yam khoom siv niaj hnub thiab cov khoom siv, uas tseem suav nrog cov tshuab ntsuas, ntawv cim npe, thiab lwm yam. Export certification plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau yam. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm daim ntawv pov thawj thiab kev lees paub yog los tswj kev sib raug zoo, txhim kho kev tsim khoom, thiab txhawb kev txhim kho kev lag luam los ntawm cov txheej txheem xws li cov qauv kev sib koom ua ke, cov kev cai lij choj, thiab cov txheej txheem ntsuas kev tsim nyog.
Post lub sij hawm: May-17-2024