Ndepụta nnwale na asambodo egwuregwu ụmụaka na mba dị iche iche:
EN71 EU Standard Toy Standard, ASTMF963 US Toy Standard, CHPA Canada Toy Standard, GB6675 China Toy Standard, GB62115 China Electric Toy Safety Standard, EN62115 EU Electric Toy Safety Standard, ST2016 Japanese Toy Safety Standard, AS/NZS ISO 8124 Australia/New Zealand Ụkpụrụ ule. Banyere asambodo egwuregwu ụmụaka, obodo ọ bụla nwere ụkpụrụ na nkọwapụta nke ya. N'ezie, ụkpụrụ egwuregwu ụmụaka yiri ule nke ihe ndị na-emerụ ahụ na ihe na-egbochi ọkụ na anụ ahụ.
Ndị a na-edepụta ọdịiche dị n'etiti ọkọlọtọ America na ọkọlọtọ European. Asambodo ASTM dị iche na obodo a na-enye asambodo EN71. 1. EN71 bụ ụkpụrụ nchekwa nchekwa egwuregwu ụmụaka. 2. ASTMF963-96a bụ ọkọlọtọ nchekwa ihe egwuregwu ụmụaka America.
EN71 bụ ntuziaka European Toys Directive: ntuziaka a na-emetụta ngwaahịa ma ọ bụ ihe ọ bụla emebere ma ọ bụ zubere maka ụmụaka na-erubeghị afọ 14.
1,EN71 ọkọlọtọ:N'ọnọdụ nkịtị, a na-ekewa ule EN71 maka ihe egwuregwu ụmụaka n'ime usoro ndị a: 1), Nkebi 1: nnwale anụ ahụ; 2), Nkebi 2: nnwale ọkụ; 3), Nkebi 3: Nnwale metal dị arọ; EN71 na-emetụta ihe egwuregwu ụmụaka 14 maka ụmụaka na-erubeghị afọ 3, na e nwere ụkpụrụ kwekọrọ maka iji ihe egwuregwu ụmụaka na-erubeghị afọ 3. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, maka ihe egwuregwu eletrik, gụnyere ihe egwuregwu batrị na ihe egwuregwu ụmụaka nwere ntụgharị AC / DC. ịnye ọkụ. Na mgbakwunye na ule izugbe EN71 maka ihe egwuregwu ụmụaka, a na-eme nnwale ndakọrịta elektrọnik, gụnyere: EMI (electromagnetic radiation) na EMS (immunity electromagnetic).
N'ikwu okwu, ihe achọrọ ASTMF963-96a na-adịkarị elu karịa nke CPSC ma sie ike karị. Ihe ụmụaka ji egwuri egwu maka ụmụaka nọ n'okpuru afọ 14. ASTM F963-96a nwere akụkụ iri na anọ ndị a: Oke, akwụkwọ ntụaka, nkwupụta, ihe nchekwa nchekwa, ihe nchekwa nchekwa chọrọ, ntuziaka, njirimara onye nrụpụta, ụzọ ule, njirimara, ntuziaka nchịkọta afọ, nkwakọ ngwaahịa, na nkwakọ ngwaahịa. Mbupu, Ụdị ntuziaka chọrọ ihe ụmụaka ji egwuri egwu, ntuziaka imewe maka ihe ụmụaka ji egwuri egwu jikọtara na cribs ma ọ bụ ihe egwuregwu, usoro nnwale ọkụ maka ihe egwuregwu ụmụaka.
ASTM bụ asambodo achọrọ maka ngwaahịa na-abanye n'ahịa US: 1. Usoro nnwale: Usoro akọwapụtara maka ịchọpụta, tụọ, na nyocha otu ma ọ bụ karịa akụrụngwa, njirimara, ma ọ bụ njirimara nke ihe, ngwaahịa, sistemụ, ma ọ bụ ọrụ na-arụpụta nsonaazụ ule. . 2. Nkọwa ọkọlọtọ: Nkọwa ziri ezi nke ihe, ngwaahịa, sistemu, ma ọ bụ ọrụ na-ezute otu ihe achọrọ, gụnyere usoro maka ikpebi otu a ga-esi mezuo ihe ọ bụla achọrọ. 3. Usoro ọkọlọtọ: Usoro akọwapụtara maka ịrụ otu ọrụ ma ọ bụ karịa kpọmkwem nke na-adịghị arụpụta nsonaazụ ule. 4. Standard Terminology: Akwụkwọ nke nwere okwu, nkọwa okwu, nkọwa okwu, nkọwa akara, ndebiri, wdg. 6. Standard Classification: Otu dị iche iche ihe, ngwaahịa, usoro ma ọ bụ ọrụ usoro dị ka otu àgwà.
Okwu mmalite nke asambodo egwuregwu ụmụaka ndị ọzọ a na-ahụkarị:
rute:Ọ bụ atụmatụ nhazi nke metụtara mmepụta, ịzụ ahịa na iji kemịkalụ. Ntuziaka REACH chọrọ ka kemịkalụ niile a na-ebubata na nke emepụtara na Europe ga-agarịrị usoro nhazi zuru oke dị ka ndebanye aha, nyocha, ikike na mmachi, ka ọ dị mma na naanị ịchọpụta ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ iji hụ na nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi na mmadụ.
EN62115:Ọkọlọtọ maka Egwuregwu Egwuregwu Eletriki.
Asambodo GS:asambodo achọrọ maka mbupu na Germany. Asambodo GS bụ asambodo afọ ofufo dabere na iwu nchekwa ngwaahịa German (GPGS) wee nwalee dịka ọkọlọtọ EU jikọtara ọnụ EN ma ọ bụ ọkọlọtọ ụlọ ọrụ German DIN. Ọ bụ akara asambodo nchekwa German ghọtara na ahịa Europe.
CPSIA: Iwu nkwalite nchekwa nke Onye isi ala Bush bịanyere aka n'ọrụ n'August 14, 2008. Iwu ahụ bụ ụgwọ nchebe ndị ahịa kacha sie ike kemgbe e guzobere Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) na 1972. Na mgbakwunye na ihe siri ike chọrọ maka ọdịnaya ndu na ngwaahịa ụmụaka. , ụgwọ ọhụrụ ahụ na-emekwa iwu ọhụrụ na ọdịnaya nke phthalates, ihe na-emerụ ahụ na ihe egwuregwu ụmụaka na ngwaahịa nlekọta ụmụaka. Standard Safety Standard ST: Na 1971, Japan Toy Association (JTA) guzobere Japan Safety Toy Mark (ST Mark) iji hụ na nchekwa ụmụaka ụmụaka nọ n'okpuru afọ 14. Ọ na-agụnye akụkụ atọ: nrụzi na ihe anụ ahụ, ọkụ ọkụ. nchekwa na chemical Njirimara.
AS/NZS ISO8124:ISO8124-1 bụ ọkọlọtọ nchekwa ihe egwuregwu ụmụaka zuru ụwa ọnụ. ISO8124 nwere akụkụ atọ. ISO 8124-1 bụ ihe achọrọ maka “ihe akụrụngwa akụrụngwa” na ọkọlọtọ a. A tọhapụrụ ọkọlọtọ a n'ihu ọha na Eprel 1, 2000. Akụkụ abụọ ndị ọzọ bụ: ISO 8124-2 “Njirimara ọkụ” na ISO 8124-3 “Nfefe nke ụfọdụ ihe”.
Oge nzipu: Ọgọst-13-2022