PVC bụbu plastik kacha ibu n'ụwa niile na-emepụta ma jiri ya mee ihe. A na-eji ya eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe na ihe owuwu ụlọ, ngwaahịa ụlọ ọrụ, ihe ndị dị mkpa kwa ụbọchị, akpụkpọ anụ ala, taịlị ala, akpụkpọ anụ wuru, ọkpọkọ, wires na eriri, ihe nkiri nkwakọ ngwaahịa, karama, ihe ụfụfụ, ihe mkpuchi, eriri, na ubi ndị ọzọ.
Otú ọ dị, n'October 27, 2017, ndepụta nke carcinogen nke International Agency for Research on Cancer of the World Health Organisation (WHO) bipụtara na mbụ chịkọtara ma depụta ya, na PVC gụnyere na ndepụta nke carcinogen Class 3.Vinyl chloride, dị ka akụrụngwa maka njikọ PVC, edepụtara na ndepụta nke carcinogen Class I.
01 Isi mmalite nke vinyl chloride bekee na ngwaahịa akpụkpọ ụkwụ
Vinyl chloride, nke a makwaara dị ka vinyl chloride, bụ ngwakọta organic nwere usoro kemịkal C2H3Cl. Ọ bụ monomer dị mkpa na kemịkalụ polymer ma nwee ike nweta ya site na ethylene ma ọ bụ acetylene. A na-ejikarị emepụta homopolymers na copolymers nke polyvinyl chloride. Enwere ike ime ya na vinyl acetate, butadiene, wdg, ma nwee ike ime ya.eji dị ka ihe extractant maka agbaji na ngwa nri.Enwere ike iji ya dị ka onye na-emepụta ihe maka polymer dị iche iche. Ọ bụ ezie na vinyl chloride bụ ihe dị mkpa na-emepụta ihe na ụlọ ọrụ plastik, a pụkwara iji ya mee ihe dị ka refrigerant, wdg. Na mmepụta akpụkpọ ụkwụ na ngwaahịa uwe, a na-eji vinyl chloride na-emepụta polyvinyl chloride (PVC) na vinyl polymers, nke nwere ike ịbụ ihe siri ike ma ọ bụ na-agbanwe agbanwe. Enwere ike iji PVC mee ihe gụnyere mbipụta ihuenyo plastik, ihe mejupụtara plastik, na mkpuchi dị iche iche na akpụkpọ anụ, akpụkpọ anụ sịntetik na akwa.
Ihe fọdụrụ na vinyl chloride monomer n'ime ihe a na-emepụta site na vinyl chloride nwere ike jiri nwayọọ nwayọọ hapụ ya na ihe ahụ, nke nwere mmetụta na ahụike ndị ahịa na gburugburu ebe obibi.
02 Ihe ize ndụ nke ihe vinyl chloride
Vinyl chloride nwere ike isonye na mmeghachi omume smog photochemical na gburugburu ebe obibi, mana n'ihi ike ya siri ike, ọ na-adịkarị mfe photolysis na ikuku. Vinyl chloride monomer na-etinye ihe egwu dị iche iche nye ndị ọrụ na ndị na-azụ ahịa, dabere n'ụdị monomer na ụzọ mkpughe. Chloroethylene bụ gas na-enweghị ụcha n'ime ụlọ okpomọkụ, nke nwere ntakịrị ụtọ na gburugburu 3000 ppm. Nnukwu (obere oge) ikpughe na nnukwu mkpokọta vinyl chloride na ikuku nwere ike inwe mmetụta na sistemụ ụjọ (CNS),dị ka isi ọwụwa, iro ụra, na isi ọwụwa. iku ume ogologo oge na ikpughe na vinyl chloride nwere ike ibute ọrịa kansa imeju.
Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ahịa ndị Europe na America lekwasịrị anya n'iji vinyl chloride monomers na ihe PVC na ihe ha, ma mejuputa njikwa iwu. Ọtụtụ ụdị ama ama na mba ụwa chọrọ ka amachibido ihe PVC na ngwaahịa ndị ahịa ha. Ọ bụrụ na PVC ma ọ bụ ihe nwere PVC dị mkpa n'ihi nkà na ụzụ, ọdịnaya nke vinyl chloride monomers na ihe ndị ahụ ga-achịkwa. Otu International RSL Management Group Working Group for Clothing and Footwear AFIRM, 7th Edition 2022, chọrọ nke ahụ.Ọdịnaya VCM dị n'ihe ekwesịghị ịfe 1ppm.
Ndị na-emepụta ihe na ụlọ ọrụ kwesịrị iwusi njikwa usoro ọkọnọ ike,na-elekwasị anya na ịchịkwa ọdịnaya nke vinyl chloride monomers na ihe PVC, mbipụta ihuenyo plastik, ihe ndị dị na plastik, na mkpuchi PVC dị iche iche na akpụkpọ anụ, akpụkpọ anụ sịntetik, na textiles.. N'otu oge ahụ, ọ dịkwa mkpa ịṅa ntị na njikarịcha nke usoro mmepụta ihe, melite usoro njikwa mma, ma na-emeziwanye ọkwa nke nchekwa ngwaahịa na ịdị mma iji kwado ihe nchịkwa dị mkpa.
Oge nzipu: Eprel-14-2023