2022-02-11 09:15
Garment Quality Inspection
Garment quality inspection can be divided into two categories: “internal quality” and “external quality” inspection
Intrinsic quality inspection of a garment
1. The “internal quality inspection” of garments refers to the garments: color fastness, PH value, formaldehyde, azo, chewiness, shrinkage, metal toxic substances. . and so on detection.
2. Many of the “internal quality” inspections cannot be detected visually, so it is necessary to set up a special testing department and professional equipment for testing. After passing the test, they will send it to the company’s quality personnel in the form of a “report”!
External quality inspection of second garments
Appearance inspection, size inspection, surface/accessory inspection, process inspection, embroidery printing/washing inspection, ironing inspection, packaging inspection.
1. Appearance inspection: Check the appearance of the garment: damage, obvious color difference, drawn yarn, colored yarn, broken yarn, stains, fading, variegated color. . . etc. defects.
2. Size inspection: It can be measured according to the relevant orders and data, the clothes can be laid out, and then the measurement and verification of each part can be carried out. The unit of measurement is “centimeter system” (CM), and many foreign-funded enterprises use “inch system” (INCH). It depends on the requirements of each company and customer.
3. Surface/accessory inspection:
A. Fabric inspection: Check whether the fabric has drawn yarn, broken yarn, yarn knot, colored yarn, flying yarn, color difference in edge, stain, cylinder difference. . . etc.
B. Inspection of accessories: For example, zipper inspection: whether the up and down is smooth, whether the model conforms, and whether there is a rubber thorn on the zipper tail. Four-button inspection: whether the color and size of the button match, whether the upper and lower buttons are firm, loose, and whether the edge of the button is sharp. Sewing thread inspection: thread color, specification, and whether it has faded. Hot drill inspection: whether the hot drill is firm, size and specifications. etc. . . .
4. Process inspection: Pay attention to the symmetrical parts of the garment, collar, cuffs, sleeve length, pockets, and whether they are symmetrical. Neckline: Whether it is round and correct. Feet: Whether there is unevenness. Sleeves: Whether the eating potential and dissolving position of the sleeves are even. Front middle zipper: Whether the zipper sewing is smooth and the zipper is required to be smooth. Foot mouth; symmetrical and consistent in size.
5. Embroidery printing/washing inspection: pay attention to check the position, size, color and flower shape effect of embroidery printing. The laundry water should be checked: the hand feeling effect, color, and not without tatters after washing.
6. Ironing inspection: Pay attention to whether the ironed garments are flat, beautiful, wrinkled, yellow, and water-stained.
7. Packaging inspection: use the bills and materials, check the outer box labels, plastic bags, bar code stickers, listings, hangers, and whether they are correct. Whether the packing quantity meets the requirements and whether the yardage is correct. (Sampling inspection according to AQL2.5 inspection standard.)
The content of clothing quality inspection
At present, most of the quality inspections done by clothing enterprises are appearance quality inspections, mainly from the aspects of clothing materials, size, sewing and identification. The inspection content and inspection requirements are as follows:
1 fabric, lining
①. The fabrics, linings and accessories of all kinds of clothing shall not fade after washing: the texture (component, feel, luster, fabric structure, etc.), pattern and embroidery (position, area) should meet the requirements;
②. The fabrics of all kinds of finished garments should not have weft skew phenomenon;
3. The surface, lining, and accessories of all kinds of finished garments should not have rips, breakage, holes or serious weaving residues (roving, missing yarn, knots, etc.) and selvedge pinholes that affect the wearing effect;
④. The surface of leather fabrics should not have pits, holes and scratches that affect the appearance;
⑤. All knitted garments should not have uneven surface texture, and there should be no yarn joints on the surface of the garments;
⑥. The surface, lining and accessories of all kinds of clothing should not have oil stains, pen stains, rust stains, color stains, watermarks, offset printing, scribbling and other types of stains;
⑦. Color difference: A. There cannot be the phenomenon of different shades of the same color between different pieces of the same piece of clothing; B. There cannot be serious uneven dyeing on the same piece of the same piece of clothing (except for the design requirements of style fabrics); C. There should be no obvious color difference between the same color of the same clothing; D. There should be no obvious color difference between the top and the matching bottom of a suit with separate top and bottom;
⑧. The fabrics that are washed, ground and sandblasted should be soft to the touch, the color is correct, the pattern is symmetrical, and there is no damage to the fabric (except for special designs);
⑨. All coated fabrics should be coated evenly and firmly, and there should be no residues on the surface. After the finished product is washed, the coating should not be blistered or peeled off.
2 size
①. The dimensions of each part of the finished product are consistent with the required specifications and dimensions, and the error cannot exceed the tolerance range;
②. The measurement method of each part is strictly in accordance with the requirements.
3 crafts
①. Sticky lining:
A. For all lining parts, it is necessary to choose the lining that is suitable for the surface, lining material, color and shrinkage;
B. The adhesive lining parts should be firmly bonded and flat, and there should be no glue leakage, foaming, and no shrinkage of the fabric.
②. Sewing process:
A. The type and color of the sewing thread should be in line with the color and texture of the surface and lining, and the button thread should be in line with the color of the button (except for special requirements);
B. Each suture (including overlock) should not have skipped stitches, broken threads, sewed threads or continuous thread openings;
C. All stitching (including overlock) parts and open threads should be flat, the stitches should be tight and tight, and there should be no floating threads, thread wraps, stretching or tightening that affect the appearance;
D. There should be no mutual penetration of the surface and the bottom line at each open line, especially when the color of the surface and bottom line is different;
E. The dart tip of the dart seam cannot be opened, and the front cannot be out of the bag;
F. When sewing, pay attention to the reverse direction of the seam allowance of the relevant parts, and not twist or twist;
G. All knots of all kinds of clothing must not show hair;
H. For styles with rolling strips, edging or teeth, the width of the edging and teeth should be uniform;
I. All kinds of signs should be sewn with the same color thread, and there should be no hair dew phenomenon;
J. For styles with embroidery, the embroidery parts should have smooth stitches, no blistering, no verticality, no hair dew, and the backing paper or interlining on the back must be cleaned;
K. The width of each seam should be uniform and meet the requirements.
③Lock nail process:
A. The buttons of all kinds of clothing (including buttons, snap buttons, four-piece buttons, hooks, Velcro, etc.) must be done in the correct way, with accurate correspondence, firm and intact, and without hairs.
B. The buttonholes of the lock nail type clothing should be complete, flat, and the size is appropriate, not too thin, too large, too small, white or hairy;
C. There should be pads and gaskets for snap buttons and four-piece buttons, and there should be no chrome marks or chrome damage on the surface (leather) material.
④After finishing:
A. Appearance: All clothing should be free of hair;
B. All kinds of clothing should be ironed flat, and there should be no dead folds, bright lights, burn marks or burnt phenomenon;
C. The ironing direction of any seam at each seam should be consistent throughout the entire seam, and it should not be twisted or reversed;
D. The ironing direction of the seams of each symmetrical part should be symmetrical;
E. The front and rear trousers of trousers with trousers should be ironed strictly according to the requirements.
4 accessories
①. Zipper:
A. The color of the zipper is correct, the material is correct, and there is no discoloration or discoloration;
B. The slider is strong and can withstand repeated pulling and closing;
C. The tooth head anastomosis is meticulous and uniform, without missing teeth and riveting;
D, pull and close smoothly;
E. If the zippers of skirts and trousers are ordinary zippers, they must have automatic locks.
②, Buttons, four-piece buckles, hooks, Velcro, belts and other accessories:
A. The color and material are correct, no discoloration or discoloration;
B. There is no quality problem that affects the appearance and use;
C. Smooth opening and closing, and can withstand repeated opening and closing.
5 various logos
①. Main label: The content of the main label should be correct, complete, clear, not incomplete, and sewn in the correct position.
②. Size label: The content of the size label is required to be correct, complete, clear, firmly sewn, the size and shape are stitched correctly, and the color is the same as the main label.
③. Side label or hem label: The side label or hem label is required to be correct and clear, the sewing position is correct and firm, and special attention is paid not to be reversed.
④, washing label:
A. The style of the washing label is consistent with the order, the washing method is consistent with the picture and text, the symbols and text are printed and written correctly, the sewing is firm and the direction is correct (when the clothing is laid flat on the table, the side with the name of the model should be facing up, with Arabic text at the bottom);
B. The text of the wash label must be clear and washable;
C, the same series of clothing labels can not be wrong.
Not only the appearance quality of clothing is stipulated in clothing standards, but the internal quality is also an important product quality content, and more and more attention is paid by quality supervision departments and consumers. Clothing brand enterprises and clothing foreign trade enterprises need to strengthen the internal quality inspection and control of clothing.
Semi-finished product inspection and quality control points
The more complex the garment production process, the longer the process, the more inspections and quality control points are required. Generally speaking, a semi-finished product inspection is carried out after the garment is finished sewing process. This inspection is usually carried out by the quality inspector or team leader on the assembly line to confirm the quality before finishing, which is convenient for timely modification of the product.
For some garments such as suit jackets with higher quality requirements, the quality inspection and control of the components will also be carried out before the components of the product are combined. For example, after the pockets, darts, splicing and other processes on the front piece are completed, an inspection and control should be done before connecting to the back piece; after the sleeves, collars and other components are completed, an inspection should be done before they are combined with the body; such inspection work can be done by It is done by the personnel of the combined process to prevent the parts with quality problems from flowing into the combined processing process.
After adding semi-finished product inspection and parts quality control points, it seems that a lot of manpower and time are wasted, but this can reduce the amount of rework and ensure quality, and the investment in quality costs is worthwhile.
Quality improvement
Enterprises improve product quality through continuous improvement, which is an important part of enterprise quality management. Quality improvement is generally done through the following methods:
1 Observation method:
Through random observation by team leaders or inspectors, quality problems are found and pointed out in time, and the operators are told the correct operation method and quality requirements. For new employees or when the new product is launched, such inspection is essential to avoid processing more products that need to be repaired.
2 data analysis method:
Through the statistics of the quality problems of unqualified products, analyze the main causes, and make purposeful improvements in the later production links. If the clothing size is generally too large or too small, it is necessary to analyze the reasons for such problems, and improve it through methods such as model size adjustment, fabric pre-shrinking, and clothing size positioning in post-production. Data analysis provides data support for the quality improvement of enterprises. Clothing enterprises need to improve the data records of the inspection process. Inspection is not only to find out substandard products and then repair them, but also to accumulate data for later prevention.
3 Quality traceability method:
Using the quality traceability method, let the employees who have quality problems bear the corresponding modification and economic responsibility, and improve the quality awareness of employees through this method, and do not produce substandard products. If you want to use the quality traceability method, the product should find the production line through the QR code or the serial number on the label, and then find the corresponding person in charge according to the process assignment.
The traceability of quality can be carried out not only in the assembly line, but also in the entire production process, and even traceable to the upstream surface accessories suppliers. The inherent quality problems of clothing are mainly formed by the textile and dyeing and finishing processes. When such quality problems are found, corresponding responsibilities should be divided with the fabric suppliers, and it is best to find out and adjust the surface accessories in time or replace the surface accessories suppliers.
Garment quality inspection requirements
A general requirement
1. The fabrics and accessories are of good quality and meet customer requirements, and the bulk goods are recognized by customers;
2. The style and color matching are accurate;
3. The size is within the allowable error range;
4. Excellent workmanship;
5. The product is clean, tidy and looks good.
Two appearance requirements
1. The placket is straight, flat, and the length is the same. The front draws flat clothes, the width is the same, and the inner placket cannot be longer than the placket. Those with zipper lips should be flat, even without wrinkling or opening. The zipper does not wave. Buttons are straight and evenly spaced.
2. The line is even and straight, the mouth does not spit back, and the width is the same on the left and right.
3. The fork is straight and straight, without stirring.
4. The pocket should be square and flat, and the pocket should not be left open.
5. The bag cover and patch pocket are square and flat, and the front and rear, height and size are the same. Inside pocket height. Consistent size, square and flat.
6. The size of the collar and the mouth is the same, the lapels are flat, the ends are neat, the collar pocket is round, the collar surface is flat, the elastic is suitable, the outer opening is straight and does not warp, and the bottom collar is not exposed.
7. The shoulders are flat, the shoulder seams are straight, the width of both shoulders is the same, and the seams are symmetrical.
8. The length of the sleeves, the size of the cuffs, the width and the width are the same, and the height, length and width of the sleeves are the same.
9. The back is flat, the seam is straight, the rear waistband is horizontally symmetrical, and the elasticity is suitable.
10. The bottom edge is round, flat, rubber root, and the width of the rib is the same, and the rib should be sewn to the stripe.
11. The size and length of the lining in each part should be suitable for the fabric, and do not hang or spit.
12. The webbing and lace on both sides of the car on the outside of the clothes should be symmetrical on both sides.
13. The cotton filling should be flat, the pressure line is even, the lines are neat, and the front and back seams are aligned.
14. If the fabric has velvet (hair), it is necessary to distinguish the direction, and the reverse direction of the velvet (hair) should be in the same direction as the whole piece.
15. If the style is sealed from the sleeve, the length of the sealing should not exceed 10 cm, and the sealing should be consistent and firm and neat.
16. It is required to match the fabrics to the strips, and the stripes should be accurate.
Three comprehensive requirements for workmanship
1. The car line is flat, not wrinkled or twisted. The double-thread part requires double-needle sewing. The bottom thread is even, without skipping stitches, without floating thread, and continuous thread.
2. Color painting powder cannot be used for drawing lines and markings, and all marks cannot be scribbled with pens or ballpoint pens.
3. The surface and lining should not have chromatic aberration, dirt, drawing, irreversible pinholes, etc.
4. Computer embroidery, trademarks, pockets, bag covers, sleeve loops, pleats, corns, Velcro, etc., the positioning should be accurate, and the positioning holes should not be exposed.
5. The requirements for computer embroidery are clear, the thread ends are cut, the backing paper on the reverse side is trimmed cleanly, and the printing requirements are clear, non-penetrating, and non-degluing.
6. All bag corners and bag covers are required to hit dates if required, and the positions of jujube hitting should be accurate and correct.
7. The zipper must not be waved, and the up and down movement is unobstructed.
8. If the lining is light in color and will be transparent, the inner seam should be trimmed neatly and the thread should be cleaned up. If necessary, add backing paper to prevent the color from being transparent.
9. When the lining is knitted fabric, a shrinkage rate of 2 cm should be placed in advance.
10. After the hat rope, waist rope and hem rope are fully opened, the exposed part of the two ends should be 10 cm. If the hat rope, waist rope and hem rope are held by the two ends of the car, they should be laid flat in a flat state. Yes, you don’t need to expose too much.
11. Corns, nails and other positions are accurate and non-deformable. They should be nailed tightly and not loose. Especially when the fabric is thinner, once found, it should be checked repeatedly.
12. The snap button has an accurate position, good elasticity, no deformation, and cannot be rotated.
13. All the cloth loops, buckle loops and other loops with greater force should be back stitched for reinforcement.
14. All nylon webbings and ropes should be cut eagerly or burnt, otherwise there will be a phenomenon of spreading and pulling off (especially when the handle is used).
15. The jacket pocket cloth, armpits, windproof cuffs, and windproof feet should be fixed.
16. Culottes: The waist size is strictly controlled within ±0.5 cm.
17. Culottes: The dark line of the back wave should be stitched with thick thread, and the bottom of the wave should be reinforced with a back stitch.
Post time: Jul-29-2022