Kuthana ndi zinthu zovulaza zopitilira

Osati kale kwambiri, opanga omwe tidawatumizira adakonza kuti zida zawo ziyesedwe zowopsa.Komabe, zidapezeka kuti APEO idapezeka muzinthuzo.Pempho la wamalonda, tidawathandiza kuzindikira chomwe chimayambitsa APEO muzinthuzo ndikuwongolera.Pomaliza, zinthu zawo zidapambana kuyesa kwa zinthu zovulaza.

Lero tikuwonetsa njira zina zothanirana nazo pamene zinthu zovulaza muzogulitsa nsapato zimaposa muyezo.

Phthalates

Phthalate esters ndi mawu wamba pazogulitsa zomwe zimapezedwa ndi phthalic anhydride ndi mowa.Ikhoza kufewetsa pulasitiki, kuchepetsa chinyezi chosungunuka cha pulasitiki, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yosavuta kukonza ndi kupanga.Nthawi zambiri, ma phthalates amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzoseweretsa za ana, mapulasitiki a polyvinyl chloride (PVC), komanso zomatira, zomatira, zotsukira, zopaka mafuta, kusindikiza pazenera, inki zosindikizira kutentha, inki zapulasitiki, ndi zokutira za PU.

Phthalates amatchulidwa kuti ndi zinthu zoopsa za ubereki ndi European Union, ndipo ali ndi mphamvu ya mahomoni achilengedwe, ofanana ndi estrogen, omwe amatha kusokoneza dongosolo la endocrine laumunthu, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa umuna ndi umuna, kusuntha kwa umuna kumakhala kochepa, sperm morphology ndi yachilendo, ndipo kwambiri. Matendawa angayambitse khansa ya testicular, yomwe ndi "chochititsa" cha mavuto a abambo.

Pakati pa zodzoladzola, kupukuta misomali kumakhala ndi ma phthalates apamwamba kwambiri, omwe amapezekanso muzodzoladzola zambiri zonunkhira.Izi zodzoladzola zidzalowa m'thupi kudzera mu kupuma kwa amayi ndi khungu.Ngati atagwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso, izi zidzawonjezera chiopsezo cha amayi kudwala khansa ya m'mawere ndikuwononga njira zoberekera za ana awo aamuna amtsogolo.

Zoseweretsa zofewa zapulasitiki ndi zinthu za ana zomwe zili ndi phthalates zitha kutumizidwa ndi ana.Ngati zitasiyidwa kwa nthawi yokwanira, zimatha kuyambitsa kusungunuka kwa ma phthalates kupitilira milingo yotetezeka, kuyika pachiwopsezo cha chiwindi ndi impso za ana, kuyambitsa kutha msinkhu, komanso kusokoneza chitukuko cha ubereki wa ana.

Zoyeserera zoposera mulingo wa ortho benzene

Chifukwa cha kusasungunuka kwa ma phthalates/esters m'madzi, kuchuluka kwa ma phthalates pamapulasitiki kapena nsalu sikungawongoleredwe pogwiritsa ntchito njira zapambuyo pamankhwala monga kutsuka m'madzi.M'malo mwake, wopanga amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zopangira zomwe zilibe phthalates popanganso ndikukonza.

Alkylphenol/Alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (AP/APEO)

Alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (APEO) akadali chigawo chodziwika bwino m'makonzedwe ambiri a mankhwala muzitsulo zonse zopangira zovala ndi nsapato.APEO yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati surfactant kapena emulsifier mu detergents, scouring agents, dispersants utoto, phala yosindikiza, mafuta opota, ndi zonyowetsa.Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chikopa chotsitsa mafuta pamakampani opanga zikopa.

APEO imatha kuonongeka pang'onopang'ono m'chilengedwe ndikuwonongeka kukhala Alkylphenol (AP).Zowonongekazi zimakhala ndi kawopsedwe wamphamvu kwa zamoyo zam'madzi ndipo zimakhala ndi zotsatira zokhalitsa pa chilengedwe.Zomwe zidawola pang'ono za APEO zili ndi timadzi tachilengedwe monga katundu, zomwe zitha kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito a nyama zakuthengo ndi anthu.

Mayankho opitilira miyezo ya APEO

APEO imasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi ndipo imatha kuchotsedwa ku nsalu ndi kuchapa madzi otentha kwambiri.Kuphatikiza apo, kuwonjezera kuchuluka koyenera kwa olowera ndi sopo panthawi yotsuka kumatha kuchotsa bwino APEO yotsalira muzovala, koma ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti zowonjezera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito siziyenera kukhala ndi APEO okha.

Kuonjezera apo, chofewa chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochepetsera pambuyo pochapa sichiyenera kukhala ndi APEO, mwinamwake APEO ikhoza kubwezeretsedwanso muzinthu.APEO ikapitilira muyeso mu pulasitiki, siyingachotsedwe.Zowonjezera zokha kapena zopangira zopanda APEO zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga kuti apewe APEO yopitilira muyeso muzinthu zapulasitiki.

Ngati APEO ipitilira muyeso muzogulitsa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti wopanga afufuze kaye ngati njira yosindikizira ndi utoto kapena zowonjezera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi bizinesi yosindikiza ndi utoto zili ndi APEO.Ngati ndi choncho, m'malo mwazowonjezera zomwe zilibe APEO.

Mayankho opitilira miyezo ya AP

Ngati AP muzovala imaposa muyezo, zitha kukhala chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa APEO pazowonjezera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ndi kukonza, ndipo kuwonongeka kwachitika kale.Ndipo chifukwa AP palokha sisungunuka mosavuta m'madzi, ngati AP ipitilira muyeso muzovala, siyingachotsedwe kudzera kutsuka m'madzi.Njira yosindikizira ndi utoto kapena mabizinesi amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera popanda AP ndi APEO pakuwongolera.Kamodzi AP mu pulasitiki kupitirira muyezo, sangathe kuchotsedwa.Itha kupewedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera kapena zopangira zomwe zilibe AP ndi APEO panthawi yopanga.

Chlorophenol (PCP) kapena organic chlorine carrier (COC)

Chlorophenol (PCP) nthawi zambiri amatanthauza zinthu zingapo monga pentachlorophenol, tetrachlorophenol, trichlorophenol, dichlorophenol, ndi monochlorophenol, pomwe organic chlorine carriers (COCs) amakhala ndi chlorophenol ndi chlorotoluene.

Zonyamulira za organic chlorine zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chosungunulira cha organic mu utoto wa polyester, koma ndi chitukuko ndi kukonzanso zida ndi njira zosindikizira, kugwiritsa ntchito zonyamulira za organic chlorine zasowa.Chlorophenol nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chosungiramo nsalu kapena utoto, koma chifukwa cha kawopsedwe kake, sagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chosungira.

Komabe, chlorobenzene, chlorinated toluene, ndi chlorophenol zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati zopatsirana pakupanga utoto.Utoto wopangidwa kudzera munjira imeneyi nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi zotsalira za zinthu izi, ndipo ngakhale zotsalira zina sizili zofunikira, chifukwa chazovuta zowongolera, kuzindikira kwa chinthuchi munsalu kapena utoto kumatha kupitilira miyezo.Akuti popanga utoto, njira zapadera zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotseratu mitundu itatu ya zinthu izi, koma zimachulukitsanso ndalama.

Zotsutsana ndi COC ndi PCP kupitirira miyezo

Pamene zinthu monga chlorobenzene, chlorotoluene, ndi chlorophenol m’zinthu zogulitsidwazo ziposa muyezo, wopangayo angafufuze kaye ngati zinthu zoterozo zilipo m’kusindikiza ndi kupenta kapena mu utoto kapena zowonjezera zogwiritsiridwa ntchito ndi wopanga makina osindikizira ndi utoto.Ngati atapezeka, utoto kapena zowonjezera zomwe zilibe zinthu zina ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwake kuti zipangidwe.

Chifukwa chakuti zinthu zoterezi sizingachotsedwe mwachindunji ndi kusamba ndi madzi.Ngati kuli kofunika kugwirira ntchito, zingatheke pokhapokha pochotsa utoto wonse pansalu ndikuyikanso zinthuzo ndi utoto ndi zowonjezera zomwe zilibe mitundu itatu ya zinthu.