Posachedwa, magalimoto amagetsi opangidwa mdziko muno alandira chidwi kumayiko ena, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti ma tricycle amagetsi omwe amayikidwa pamapulatifomu osiyanasiyana akunja a e-commerce apitirire. Miyezo yachitetezo cha njinga zamoto zamatatu ndi njinga zamoto zamagetsi zimasiyana m'maiko. Ogulitsa ndi opanga akuyenera kumvetsetsa miyezo ndi malamulo amsika omwe akufuna kuti njinga zamagetsi zamagalimoto zitatu zikwaniritse zofunikira zamsika.
Zofunikira paukadaulo pakuwunika njinga zamoto zamatatu ndi njinga zamoto zamagetsi
1. Zofunikira zowonekerazoyendera ma tricycle amagetsi ndi njinga yamoto yamagetsi
- Maonekedwe a njinga zamoto zamatatu ndi njinga zamoto zamagetsi ziyenera kukhala zaudongo komanso zaudongo, mbali zonse ziyenera kukhala zolimba, ndipo zolumikizira zikhale zolimba.
- Kuphimba mbali za njinga zamoto zamatatu ndi njinga zamoto zamagetsi ziyenera kukhala zathyathyathya komanso zophatikizika ndi mipata ndipo palibe cholakwika chilichonse. Chophimbacho chiyenera kukhala chosalala, chophwanyika, chofanana mumtundu, komanso chomangika mwamphamvu. Pasakhale maenje oonekera, mawanga, mitundu ya mawanga, ming'alu, thovu, zokanda, kapena zotulukapo pamalo owonekera. Pasakhale zowonekera pansi kapena zowonekera bwino zotuluka kapena ming'alu pamalo osawonekera.
- Pamwamba pa njinga zamoto zamatatu ndi njinga zamoto zamagetsi ndi zofananira ndipo siziyenera kukhala zakuda, kuphulika, kusenda, dzimbiri, kutsika pansi, ma burrs kapena zokala.
-Mtundu wapamwamba wa zigawo za pulasitiki za ma tricycle amagetsi ndi njinga zamoto zamagetsi ndi yunifolomu, popanda zipsera zoonekeratu kapena kusagwirizana.
- Ma welds a zitsulo zamagulu atatu amagetsi ndi njinga zamoto zamagetsi ziyenera kukhala zosalala komanso zosalala, ndipo pasakhale zolakwika monga kuwotcherera, kuwotcherera zabodza, kuyika kwa slag, ming'alu, pores, ndi spatter pamwamba. Ngati pali kuwotcherera tinatake tozungulira ndi kuwotcherera slag apamwamba kuposa pamwamba ntchito, Ayenera kusalaza.
- Mipando yapampando wa njinga zamoto zamatatu ndi njinga zamoto zamagetsi sayenera kukhala ndi madontho, malo osalala, komanso makwinya kapena kuwonongeka.
-Maulendo atatu amagetsi ndi njinga zamoto zamagetsi ziyenera kukhala zathyathyathya komanso zosalala, zopanda thovu, zopindika kapena zowoneka bwino.
- Mbali zophimba zakunja za njinga zamoto zamatatu ndi njinga zamoto zamagetsi ziyenera kukhala zathyathyathya, zokhala ndi kusintha kosalala, komanso kopanda mabampu owoneka bwino, zokopa kapena zokopa.
2. Zofunikira zofunika pakuwunikaza njinga zamoto zamatatu ndi njinga zamoto zamagetsi
-Zizindikiro zamagalimoto ndi zikwangwani
Magalimoto atatu amagetsi ndi njinga zamoto zamagetsi ziyenera kukhala ndi chizindikiro chimodzi kapena chizindikiro cha fakitale chomwe chingathe kusamalidwa kosatha ndipo chimagwirizana ndi mtundu wagalimoto pamalo owonekera mosavuta akunja kwa galimoto.
-Miyeso yayikulu ndi magawo abwino
a) Miyeso yayikulu ndi magawo apamwamba ayenera kutsata zomwe zili muzojambula ndi zolemba zamapangidwe.
b) Katundu wa ma ekisilo ndi kuchuluka kwake: Pamene njinga yamoto yam'mbali yokhala ndi matayala atatu ili pamalo otsitsidwa ndi kudzaza kwathunthu, mawilo agalimoto yam'mbali akuyenera kukhala osakwana 35% ya kulemera kwa m'mphepete ndi kulemera kwake motsatana.
c) Katundu wotsimikizika: Kuchuluka kovomerezeka kwagalimoto kumatsimikiziridwa kutengera mphamvu ya injini, kuchuluka kwa kapangidwe ka axle, mphamvu yonyamula matayala ndi zikalata zamaukadaulo zovomerezeka, ndiyeno mtengo wocheperako umatsimikiziridwa. Kwa njinga zamoto zamagalimoto atatu ndi njinga zamoto zomwe sizikhala ndi katundu komanso zodzaza, chiŵerengero cha chiwongolero cha shaft (kapena chiwongolero) kumtunda wa galimoto ndi kulemera kwake kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kuposa kapena kufanana ndi 18%;
-Chida chowongolera
Ziwongolero (kapena zogwirira) za njinga zamoto zitatu ndi njinga zamoto ziyenera kusinthasintha mosamamatira. Magalimoto amayenera kukhala ndi zida zochepetsera chiwongolero. Dongosolo lowongolera siliyenera kusokoneza zigawo zina pamalo aliwonse ogwirira ntchito.
Kuchuluka kozungulira kwaulere kwa mawilo oyendetsa njinga zamoto zitatu ndi njinga zamoto kuyenera kukhala kuchepera kapena kufanana ndi 35 °.
Kumanzere kapena kumanja kwa mawilo owongolera a njinga zamoto zitatu ndi njinga zamoto ziyenera kukhala zosakwana kapena zofanana ndi 45 °;
Njinga zamoto zitatu ndi njinga zamoto zisapatuke poyendetsa m'misewu yathyathyathya, yolimba, youma komanso yaudongo, ndipo mawilo awo (kapena zowongolera) asakhale ndi zochitika zachilendo monga kugwedezeka.
Mabasiketi atatu ndi njinga zamoto zimayendetsa pamiyala yathyathyathya, yolimba, yowuma komanso yoyera simenti kapena misewu ya phula, kusintha kuchokera pamzere wowongoka woyenda mozungulira kupita ku bwalo lamayendedwe agalimoto okhala ndi mainchesi akunja a 25m mkati mwa masekondi 5 pa liwiro la 10km / h, ndikukakamiza The Mphamvu yayikulu yamphamvu yakunja kwa chiwongolero iyenera kukhala yochepera kapena yofanana ndi 245 N.
Chiwongolero chowongolera ndi mkono, mtanda wowongolera ndi ndodo zomangira zowongoka ndi zikhomo za mpira ziyenera kulumikizidwa modalirika, ndipo sipayenera kukhala ming'alu kapena kuwonongeka, ndipo pini yowongolera siyenera kukhala yotayirira. Galimoto ikasinthidwa kapena kukonzedwa, ndodo zomangira zowongoka siziyenera kuwotcherera.
Zodzikongoletsera zakutsogolo, zolumikizira kumtunda ndi kumunsi zolumikizira ndi zowongolera zagalimoto zamawiro atatu ndi njinga zamoto siziyenera kupunduka kapena kusweka.
- Speedometer
Njinga zamoto zamagetsi ziyenera kukhala ndi chowongolera chothamanga, ndipo kulakwitsa kwa mtengo wowonetsa liwiro kuyenera kutsatizana ndi zizindikiro za magawo owongolera, zizindikiro ndi zida zowonetsera.
- lipenga
Lipenga liyenera kukhala ndi kamvekedwe ka mawu mosalekeza, ndipo kamvekedwe ka lipenga ndi kuyika kwake kuyenera kugwirizana ndi kachipangizo kamene kamaonera kosalunjika.
- Pereka bata ndi malo oimikapo magalimoto
Pamene magalimoto a mawilo atatu ndi njinga zamoto zamawiro atatu amatsitsidwa ndipo ali malo amodzi, mpukutu bata ngodya pamene tilting kumanzere ndi kumanja ayenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa kapena wofanana 25 °.
-Chida chothana ndi kuba
Zida zolimbana ndi kuba ziyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira pakupanga:
a) Chida choletsa kuba chikatsegulidwa, chikuyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti galimotoyo siyingatembenuke kapena kupita kutsogolo molunjika. b) Ngati chipangizo chothana ndi kuba cha Gawo 4 chikugwiritsidwa ntchito, chipangizo choletsa kuba chikatsegula njira yotumizira, chipangizocho chiyenera kutaya mphamvu yake yotseka. Ngati chipangizocho chikugwira ntchito poyang'anira chipangizo choyimitsa magalimoto, injini yagalimoto idzayimitsidwa pamene ikugwira ntchito. c) Kiyi ikhoza kutulutsidwa kokha pamene lilime la loko latsegulidwa kapena kutsekedwa kwathunthu. Ngakhale fungulo litayikidwa, siliyenera kukhala pamalo aliwonse apakatikati omwe amasokoneza kuchitapo kanthu kwa deadbolt.
-Zotuluka kunja
Kunja kwa njinga yamoto kusakhale ndi mbali zakuthwa zoyang'ana kunja. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe, kukula, mbali ya azimuth ndi kuuma kwa zinthu izi, njinga yamoto ikagundana kapena kukwapula ndi woyenda pansi kapena ngozi ina yapamsewu, imatha kuwononga woyenda kapena woyendetsa. Kwa njinga zamoto zonyamula katundu zamagalimoto atatu, m'mbali zonse zofikirika zomwe zili kuseri kwa gulu lakumbuyo, kapena, ngati palibe gulu lakumbuyo, lomwe lili kumbuyo kwa ndege yopingasa yodutsa 500mm kuchokera pamalo R ampando wakumbuyo, ngati kutalika kotulukira Ngati sikuchepera 1.5mm, kuyenera kukhala kobowoka.
-Kuchita mabuleki
Ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa kuti dalaivala ali pamalo oyendetsa bwino ndipo amatha kugwiritsa ntchito wowongolera wa braking system osasiya chiwongolero (kapena chiwongolero) ndi manja onse. Njinga zamoto zamawiro atatu (Gawo 1,) ziyenera kukhala ndi mabuleki oimika magalimoto komanso ma brake oyendetsedwa ndi phazi omwe amawongolera mabuleki pa mawilo onse. Ma brake system omwe amayendetsedwa ndi phazi ndi awa: ma brake system a multicircuit service brake system. Mabuleki, kapena njira yolumikizira mabasiketi ndi mabuleki mwadzidzidzi. Dongosolo la braking ladzidzidzi litha kukhala dongosolo lamabuleki oimika magalimoto.
-Zida zowunikira komanso zowunikira
Kuyika kwa zida zowunikira ndi zowunikira ziyenera kutsatira malamulo. Kuyika kwa nyali kuyenera kukhala kolimba, kosasunthika komanso kogwira mtima. Zisakhale zotayirira, kuonongeka, kulephera kapena kusintha njira ya kuwala chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwagalimoto. Zosinthira zowunikira zonse ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa molimba ndikusintha momasuka, ndipo zisazitse kapena kuzimitsa zokha chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwagalimoto. Chosinthiracho chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa kuti chizigwira ntchito mosavuta. Kumbuyo kwa retro-reflector ya njinga yamoto yamagetsi iyeneranso kuwonetsetsa kuti nyali yamoto imawunikiridwa 150m mwachindunji kutsogolo kwa retro-reflector usiku, ndipo kuwala kowonekera kwa chowunikira kumatha kutsimikiziridwa pamalo owunikira.
-Zofunikira zazikulu zogwirira ntchito
10 min Kuthamanga kwambiri kwagalimoto (V.), kuthamanga kwambiri kwagalimoto (V.), kuthamanga kwagalimoto, kutsika, kuchuluka kwamagetsi, kuchuluka kwa magalimoto, ndi mphamvu zotulutsa zagalimoto ziyenera kutsata zomwe GB7258 imayenera kuperekedwa ndiukadaulo wazogulitsa. zikalata zoperekedwa ndi wopanga.
-Zofunikira zodalirika
Zofunikira zodalirika ziyenera kutsatizana ndi zomwe zikalata zaukadaulo zomwe wopanga amapereka. Ngati palibe zofunikira zoyenera, zotsatirazi zikhoza kutsatiridwa. Kudalirika koyendetsa mtunda kumayenderana ndi malamulo. Pambuyo poyesa kudalirika, chimango ndi zigawo zina zamapangidwe a galimoto yoyesera sizidzawonongeka monga kusokoneza, kusokoneza, ndi zina zotero. 5% yotchulidwa, kupatula mabatire amphamvu.
-Zofunikira zamtundu wa msonkhano
Msonkhano uyenera kutsata zofunikira za zojambula zamalonda ndi zolemba zamakono, ndipo palibe kusokoneza kapena kusowa kukhazikitsidwa kumaloledwa; wopanga, mafotokozedwe amitundu, mphamvu, ndi zina zotere za injini yothandizira ziyenera kutsata zofunikira zamakalata aukadaulo amtundu wagalimoto (monga milingo yazinthu, zolemba zamalangizo, satifiketi, ndi zina zambiri); Magawo opaka mafuta ayenera kudzazidwa ndi mafuta molingana ndi zomwe zikuwonetsedwa pazojambula kapena zolemba zaukadaulo;
Msonkhano wa Fasteners uyenera kukhala wolimba komanso wodalirika. Ma torque owongolera a ma bawuti ofunikira amayenera kutsata zomwe zajambulidwa ndi zolemba zaukadaulo. Magawo osuntha a makina owongolera ayenera kukhala osinthika komanso odalirika, ndipo sayenera kusokonezedwa ndi kuyambiranso mwachizolowezi. Msonkhano wophimba uyenera kukhala wokhazikika ndipo usagwe chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwa galimoto;
Sidecars, ma compartments, ndi ma cabs ayenera kuikidwa molimba pa chimango cha galimoto ndipo sayenera kumasuka chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwa galimoto;
Zitseko ndi mazenera a galimoto yotsekedwa ayenera kutsekedwa bwino, zitseko ndi mazenera ziyenera kutsegulidwa ndi kutseka mosavuta komanso mosavuta, zokhoma zitseko ziyenera kukhala zolimba komanso zodalirika, ndipo zisatsegule zokha chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwa galimoto;
Zophimba pansi ndi pansi pa galimoto yotseguka ziyenera kukhala zophwanyika, ndipo mipando, mipando ya mipando ndi zida zosungiramo mikono ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa molimba komanso modalirika popanda kumasuka;
Miyeso yofananira ndi yakunja imafuna kuti kusiyana kwa kutalika pakati pa mbali ziwiri za mbali zofananira monga zogwirira chiwongolero ndi zopotoka komanso pansi sikuyenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa 10mm;
Kusiyana kwautali pakati pa mbali ziwiri za symmetrical mbali monga kabati ndi chipinda cha njinga yamoto yamagudumu atatu kuchokera pansi sikuyenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa 20mm;
Kupatuka pakati pa ndege yapakati ya gudumu lakutsogolo la njinga yamoto yamagetsi atatu ndi symmetrical pakati ndege ya mawilo awiri akumbuyo sayenera kukhala wamkulu kuposa 20mm;
Kulekerera kwapang'onopang'ono kwagalimoto yonse sikuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kuposa ± 3% kapena ± 50mm ya kukula kwadzina;
Zofunikira pakusonkhanitsa makina owongolera;
Magalimoto ayenera kukhala ndi zida zochepetsera chiwongolero. Chiwongolerocho chiyenera kuzungulira mosinthasintha popanda chotchinga chilichonse. Ikazungulira pamalo owopsa, sayenera kusokoneza mbali zina. Chiwongolerocho sichiyenera kukhala ndi kayendedwe ka axial;
Utali wa zingwe zowongolera, zingwe zosinthira zida, zingwe, ma brake hoses, ndi zina zotere ziyenera kukhala ndi malire oyenera ndipo zisamangidwe pomwe chowongolera chikazunguliridwa, komanso zisakhudze magwiridwe antchito a ziwalo zofananira;
Iyenera kuyendetsa molunjika pamsewu wathyathyathya, wolimba, wouma komanso waukhondo popanda kupatuka kulikonse. Pasakhale kugwedezeka kapena zochitika zina zachilendo pa chowongolera pokwera.
- Zofunikira pakumanga makina a Brake
Mabuleki ndi njira zogwirira ntchito ziyenera kusinthidwa, ndipo malire osinthika sayenera kuchepera gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kuchuluka kwa kusintha. Sitiroko yopanda pake ya chogwirira cha brake ndi brake pedal iyenera kutsatira zofunikira za zojambula zazinthu ndi zolemba zaukadaulo; chogwirira cha braking kapena pedal ya brake iyenera kufikira pamlingo wokulirapo mkati mwa magawo atatu mwa magawo atatu a sitiroko yonse. Pamene mphamvu yayimitsidwa, chopondapo chopondapo chidzakhala Chilimbikitso chiyenera kuzimiririka nacho. Sipayenera kukhala kudziletsa pawokha poyendetsa, kupatula ma braking a electromagnetic chifukwa cha mphamvu yagalimoto.
- Zofunikira pakusonkhanitsira makina otumizira
Kuyika kwa injini kuyenera kukhala kolimba komanso kodalirika, ndipo iyenera kugwira ntchito moyenera. Pasakhale phokoso lachilendo kapena jitter panthawi yogwira ntchito. Njira yopatsirana iyenera kuyenda bwino, yolimba moyenerera komanso popanda phokoso lachilendo. Sag iyenera kutsata zomwe zili patsamba lazojambula kapena zolemba zamaluso. Lamba wopatsira lamba wamakina opatsira lamba ayenera kuyenda mosasunthika popanda kudumpha, kutsetsereka kapena kumasuka. Njira yopatsira shaft iyenera kuyenda bwino popanda phokoso lachilendo.
- Zofunikira pa msonkhano wamakina oyendayenda
Kuthamanga kozungulira kozungulira komanso kutuluka kwa ma radial kumapeto kwa mkombero wa magudumu pagulu la magudumu kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kuposa 3mm. Chizindikiro cha tayala chiyenera kutsata malamulo a GB518, ndipo kuya kwa chitsanzo pa korona wa tayala kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kapena kofanana ndi 0.8mm. Zomangira zomangira komanso zomangira ma wheel wheel ndizokwanira ndipo ziyenera kulumikizidwa molingana ndi torque yowongoleredwa yomwe yafotokozedwa m'makalata aukadaulo. Zodzikongoletsera siziyenera kugwedezeka kapena kupanga phokoso losazolowereka pamene mukuyendetsa galimoto, ndipo kuuma kwa akasupe otsekemera kumanzere ndi kumanja kuyenera kukhalabe chimodzimodzi.
-Instrumentation ndi magetsi zipangizo msonkhano zofunika
Zizindikiro, zida ndi zida zina zamagetsi ndi zosinthira ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa modalirika, zosasunthika komanso zogwira mtima, ndipo siziyenera kukhala zotayirira, kuwonongeka kapena kusagwira ntchito chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwagalimoto poyendetsa. Chosinthiracho sichiyenera kuyatsa ndikuzimitsa chokha chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwagalimoto. Mawaya onse amagetsi ayenera kumangidwa m'mitolo, kukonzedwa bwino, ndi kukhazikika ndi kumangirizidwa. Zolumikizira ziyenera kulumikizidwa modalirika osati kumasuka. Zida zamagetsi ziyenera kugwira ntchito bwino, zotsekemera ziyenera kukhala zodalirika, ndipo pasakhale maulendo afupikitsa. Mabatire sayenera kutayikira kapena dzimbiri. Speedometer iyenera kugwira ntchito moyenera.
-Zofunikira pakusonkhanitsa zida zachitetezo chachitetezo
Chipangizo chotsutsa kuba chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa molimba komanso modalirika ndipo chikhoza kutsekedwa bwino. Kuyika kwa chipangizo cha masomphenya osalunjika chiyenera kukhala cholimba komanso chodalirika, ndipo malo ake ayenera kusungidwa bwino. Oyenda pansi ndi ena akakumana mwangozi ndi chipangizo cha masomphenya, chiyenera kukhala ndi ntchito yochepetsera mphamvuyo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-07-2024