Musanagule nyali ya pa desiki, kuwonjezera pa kulingalira za katchulidwe, ntchito, ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito, kuti mutsimikizire chitetezo, musanyalanyaze chizindikiritso chapapaketi yakunja. Komabe, pali ziphaso zambiri za nyali zamatebulo, zikutanthauza chiyani?
Pakalipano, pafupifupi kuyatsa kwa LED kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, kaya ndi mababu kapena machubu. M'mbuyomu, zowoneka zambiri za LED zinali pamagetsi owonetsera ndi magetsi apamsewu azinthu zamagetsi, ndipo samalowa m'moyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku. Komabe, pamene luso lamakono lakula m’zaka zaposachedwapa, nyali za desiki la LED ndi mababu owonjezereka owonjezereka awonekera, ndipo nyali za mumsewu ndi kuunikira kwa galimoto zasinthidwa pang’onopang’ono ndi nyali za LED. Mwa iwo, nyali zapa desiki za LED zili ndi mawonekedwe opulumutsa mphamvu, kulimba, chitetezo, kuwongolera mwanzeru, komanso kuteteza chilengedwe. Ali ndi zabwino zambiri kuposa mababu achikhalidwe a incandescent. Chifukwa chake, nyali zambiri zapa desiki pamsika pano zimagwiritsa ntchito kuyatsa kwa LED.
Komabe, nyali zambiri zapadesiki pamsika zimatsatsa zinthu monga zopanda kuwala, anti-glare, zopulumutsa mphamvu, komanso palibe chowopsa cha kuwala kwa buluu. Kodi izi ndi zoona kapena zabodza? Onetsetsani kuti mwatsegula maso anu ndikulozera ku chiphaso cholembera kuti mugule nyali yapa desiki yokhala ndi chitetezo chotsimikizika.
Ponena za chizindikiro cha "Safety Standards for Nyali":
Pofuna kuteteza ufulu ndi zofuna za ogula, chilengedwe, chitetezo, ndi ukhondo, komanso kuteteza zinthu zotsika mtengo kuti zilowe mumsika, maboma m'mayiko osiyanasiyana ali ndi machitidwe olembera malinga ndi malamulo ndi miyezo ya mayiko. Uwu ndi mulingo wovomerezeka wachitetezo mdera lililonse. Palibe mulingo wachitetezo woperekedwa ndi dziko lililonse. Zhang sangathe kulowa m'derali kuti akagulitse mwalamulo. Kupyolera mu nyali zokhazikika izi, mupeza chizindikiro chofananira.
Ponena za miyezo ya chitetezo cha nyale, mayiko ali ndi mayina ndi malamulo osiyanasiyana, koma malamulowo amakhazikitsidwa motsatira mfundo zapadziko lonse lapansi za IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission). Ku EU, ndi CE, Japan ndi PSE, United States ndi ETL, ndipo ku China ndi CCC (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti 3C) certification.
CCC imanena kuti ndi zinthu ziti zomwe ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa, molingana ndi luso laukadaulo, njira zogwiritsidwira ntchito, kuyika chizindikiro chogwirizana, ndi zina zotere. Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti ziphasozi sizimatsimikizira mtundu, koma ndizolemba zotetezeka kwambiri. Zolemba izi zikuyimira kudziwonetsera kwa wopanga kuti zogulitsa zake zimagwirizana ndi malamulo onse ofunikira.
Ku United States, UL (Underwriters Laboratories) ndi bungwe lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi loyesa chitetezo komanso kuzindikira. Ndizodziyimira pawokha, zopanda phindu, ndipo zimakhazikitsa miyezo yachitetezo cha anthu. Ichi ndi chiphaso chodzifunira, osati chokakamiza. Satifiketi ya UL ndiyodalirika kwambiri komanso yodziwika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Ogula ena omwe ali ndi chidziwitso champhamvu zachitetezo chazinthu amasamala kwambiri ngati malondawo ali ndi satifiketi ya UL.
Miyezo yamagetsi:
Ponena za chitetezo chamagetsi cha nyali za desiki, dziko lililonse lili ndi malamulo ake. Yodziwika kwambiri ndi EU LVD Low Voltage Directive, yomwe cholinga chake ndi kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha nyali zapa desiki zikagwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi zimatengeranso miyezo yaukadaulo ya IEC.
Ponena za low flicker standards:
"Low flicker" amatanthauza kuchepetsa kulemedwa ndi kuthwanima kwa maso. Strobe ndi kuchuluka kwa kuwala kosintha pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi kuwala pakapita nthawi. M’chenicheni, zonyezimira zina, monga ngati magetsi a galimoto ya apolisi ndi kuzima kwa nyali, tingazizindikire bwino lomwe; koma kwenikweni, nyali zapadesiki zimangoyaka, ndi nkhani chabe ngati wogwiritsa ntchitoyo akumva. Zowopsa zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha kung'anima kwafupipafupi ndi monga: khunyu, mutu ndi nseru, kutopa kwamaso, etc.
Malinga ndi intaneti, flicker imatha kuyesedwa kudzera pa foni yam'manja kamera. Komabe, malinga ndi zomwe bungwe la Beijing National Electric Light Source Quality Supervision and Inspection Center la Beijing linanena, kamera ya foni yam'manja siingathe kuwunika momwe zinthu za LED zimayendera. Njira imeneyi si yasayansi.
Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kunena za chiphaso chapadziko lonse lapansi cha IEEE PAR 1789 low-flicker certification. Nyali zapa desiki zotsika zomwe zimadutsa muyeso wa IEEE PAR 1789 ndizo zabwino kwambiri. Pali zizindikiro ziwiri zoyesera strobe: Percent Flicker (chiwerengero cha flicker, kutsika mtengo, bwino) ndi Frequency (kuthamanga kwachangu, kukwezeka kwa mtengo, kwabwinoko, kosazindikirika ndi maso a munthu). IEEE PAR 1789 ili ndi ma fomula owerengera pafupipafupi. Kaya kung'anima kumayambitsa kuvulaza, kumatanthawuza kuti kutulutsa kwa kuwala kumadutsa 3125Hz, yomwe siili yoopsa, ndipo palibe chifukwa chozindikira chiŵerengero cha flash.
(Nyali yeniyeni yopimidwa ndi low-stroboscopic ndipo ilibe vuto. Pachithunzi pamwambapa pali banga lakuda, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ngakhale kuti nyaliyo ilibe chowopsa, ili pafupi ndi malo owopsa. Pachithunzi chapansi, palibe madontho akuda omwe akuwonekera. konse, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti nyaliyo ili mkati mwamtundu wotetezeka wa strobe)
Chitsimikizo chokhudza zoopsa za kuwala kwa buluu
Ndi chitukuko cha ma LED, nkhani ya zoopsa za kuwala kwa buluu yalandiranso chidwi. Pali miyeso iwiri yoyenera: IEC/EN 62471 ndi IEC/TR 62778. European Union's IEC/EN 62471 ndi mitundu ingapo yamayeso owopsa a radiation ndipo ndichofunikanso chofunikira padesiki yoyenerera. International Electrotechnical Commission's IEC/TR 62778 imayang'ana kwambiri kuwunika kwa ngozi ya nyali ya buluu ndikugawa zoopsa za kuwala kwa buluu m'magulu anayi kuyambira RG0 mpaka RG3:
RG0 - Palibe chiopsezo cha photobiohazard pamene nthawi yowonongeka kwa retina idutsa masekondi 10,000, ndipo palibe chizindikiro chofunika.
RG1- Sizoyenera kuyang'ana mwachindunji pa gwero la kuwala kwa nthawi yaitali, mpaka masekondi 100 ~ 10,000. Palibe cholemba chofunikira.
RG2-Sikoyenera kuyang'ana mwachindunji pa gwero la kuwala, pazipita 0.25 ~ 100 masekondi. Chenjezo liyenera kulembedwa.
RG3-Kuyang'ana molunjika pa gwero la kuwala ngakhale mwachidule (<0.25 masekondi) ndi owopsa ndipo chenjezo liyenera kuwonetsedwa.
Chifukwa chake, tikulimbikitsidwa kugula nyali zapa desiki zomwe zimagwirizana ndi IEC/TR 62778 yopanda zoopsa ndi IEC/EN 62471.
Lemberani za chitetezo chakuthupi
Chitetezo cha zida za nyali za desiki ndizofunikira kwambiri. Ngati zopangirazo zili ndi zitsulo zolemera monga lead, cadmium, ndi mercury, zitha kuvulaza thupi la munthu. Dzina lonse la EU RoHS (2002/95/EC) ndi "Directive on the Prohibition and Restriction of Hazardous substances in Electrical and Electronic Products". Imateteza thanzi la anthu mwa kuletsa zinthu zowopsa m'zakudya ndikuwonetsetsa kutaya zinyalala moyenera kuteteza chilengedwe. . Ndibwino kuti mugule nyali za desiki zomwe zimadutsa lamuloli kuti zitsimikizire chitetezo ndi chiyero cha zipangizo.
Miyezo pa ma radiation a electromagnetic
Electromagnetic fields (EMF) angayambitse chizungulire, kusanza, leukemia yaubwana, zotupa zaubongo zaubongo ndi matenda ena m'thupi la munthu, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri thanzi. Chifukwa chake, kuti titeteze mutu wamunthu ndi torso yomwe ili ndi nyali, nyali zotumizidwa ku EU ziyenera kuyesedwa mokakamiza kuti ziyesedwe ndi EMF ndipo ziyenera kutsatira muyezo wa EN 62493.
Chizindikiro cha certification chapadziko lonse lapansi ndiye chitsimikizo chabwino kwambiri. Ziribe kanthu kuchuluka kwa zotsatsa zomwe zimalimbikitsa magwiridwe antchito, sizingafanane ndi kudalirika komanso chiphaso chovomerezeka. Chifukwa chake, sankhani zinthu zomwe zili ndi ziphaso zapadziko lonse lapansi kuti musanyengedwe ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito molakwika. Mtendere wambiri wamalingaliro ndi thanzi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-14-2024