Zowopsa zamtundu ndi chitetezo cha ceramic tableware

Zadothi za tsiku ndi tsiku zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamoyo watsiku ndi tsiku, monga tableware, tiyi, khofi, vinyo, ndi zina zotero. Ndizinthu za ceramic zomwe anthu amakumana nazo kwambiri ndipo amazidziwa bwino. Pofuna kukonza "mawonekedwe" a zinthu za ceramic tsiku ndi tsiku, pamwamba pa zinthuzo nthawi zambiri amakongoletsedwa ndi pepala lamaluwa la ceramic ndikuwotcha kutentha kwambiri. Itha kugawidwa mumtundu wa overglaze, mtundu wa underglaze, ndi zinthu zamtundu wa underglaze. Chifukwa chakuti mapepala ambiri okongoletsera maluwa amakhala ndi zitsulo zolemera, pali chiopsezo cha kusungunuka kwazitsulo zolemera panthawi yokhudzana ndi chakudya.

Kuopsa kwa khalidwe ndi chitetezo

▲Zowopsa

Popanga zida za ceramic tableware, zitsulo zolemera monga lead ndi cadmium zitha kukhalapo mu glaze ndi mawonekedwe okongoletsa. Ngati amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhala ndi chakudya, makamaka chakudya cha acidic, amatha kupangitsa lead ndi cadmium kusungunuka muzakudya ndikulowa m'thupi la munthu. Mtovu ndi cadmium ndi zinthu zachitsulo zolemera zomwe zimalowa m'magazi mosavuta ndipo sizimatuluka mosavuta m'thupi. Kudya kwanthawi yayitali kwa chakudya chokhala ndi lead ndi cadmium kumatha kukhudza chitetezo chathupi chamunthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale matenda osiyanasiyana.

Zizindikiro zazikulu za poizoni wa cadmium ndi arteriosclerosis, renal atrophy, nephritis, etc. Komanso, cadmium yapezeka kuti ili ndi carcinogenic ndi teratogenic zotsatira. Cadmium imatha kuyambitsa matenda oopsa komanso kuyambitsa matenda amtima ndi ubongo; Kuwonongeka kwa mafupa, chiwindi ndi impso, ndipo kungayambitse kulephera kwaimpso.

Mtovu ndi mtundu wapoizoni wamtundu wa heavy metal kuipitsa, womwe ungayambitse chiphe chosatha pambuyo pomwedwa ndi thupi la munthu. Ana omwe ali pachiwopsezo kwa nthawi yayitali amatha kuchita pang'onopang'ono komanso osawona. Mtsogoleri kulowa mu thupi la munthu akhoza kuvulaza mwachindunji maselo a ubongo, makamaka mantha dongosolo la fetus, zomwe zingayambitse kobadwa nako luntha mu fetus. Komanso, pali chiopsezo cha khansa ndi masinthidwe.

▲Zofunikira zokhazikika

Poganizira kuti zitsulo zolemera kwambiri zimatha kuvulaza thupi la munthu, mfundo zaku China GB 4806.4-2016 "National Food Safety Standard Ceramic Products", FDA/ORACPG 7117.06 "Cadmium Pollution of Imported and Domestic Household Ceramics (Porcelain)", ndi FDA/ORACPG 7117.07 "Kutsogolera Kuyipitsidwa Kwazinthu Zakunja ndi Zapakhomo Zoumba zanyumba (Porcelain)” EU Directive 84/500/EEC “Council Directive on the Compliance and Performance Standards for Analysis Njira za Ceramic Products pokhudzana ndi Chakudya” ndi 2005/31/EC “Council Directive 84/500/EEC on Kuwunikiridwanso kwa Mayendedwe ndi Magwiridwe Antchito a Njira Zowunika za Zinthu za Ceramic Zogwirizana ndi Chakudya” zimatchula malire a lead ndi cadmium. California Prop.65-2002 California Drinking Water Safety and Toxic Substances Enforcement Act imakhazikitsanso zoletsa kutulutsidwa kwa mtovu ndi cadmium, kuphatikiza zofunika za mkati, pakamwa, ndi thupi la mankhwala; Bungwe la Germany LFGB 30&31 "Chakudya, Zogulitsa Fodya, Zodzoladzola, ndi Zina Zofunikira Tsiku ndi Tsiku Loyang'anira" yawonjezera ziletso pakutha kwa cobalt pamaziko a lead ndi cadmium dissolution.

Malangizo ogula ndi kugwiritsa ntchito

(1) Yang'anani mosamala maonekedwe a tableware kwa kuwonongeka kulikonse, thovu, mawanga, etc. (2) Yesani kusankha mankhwala popanda mtundu zokongoletsera pa milomo yamkati ndi kunja, makamaka ceramic tableware ndi zokongoletsera mkati, zomwe zimabweretsa kwambiri khalidwe ndi kuopsa kwa chitetezo Yesetsani kugula zinthu zoyenera m'masitolo ovomerezeka ndipo pewani kugula zinthu zokhala ndi zokongoletsa zamaluwa zamaluwa pamapulatifomu a e-commerce. (4) Pewani kusungidwa kwanthawi yayitali kwa chakudya cha acidic ndi mowa pogwiritsa ntchito zida za ceramic zokhala ndi zithunzi zokongoletsa mkati. Kutalikirapo nthawi yosungirako, kumapangitsa kutentha kwa chakudya, komanso kumakhala kosavuta kusungunula zitsulo zolemera. Kusungunuka kwambiri kwa lead ndi cadmium kungayambitse zotsatirapo zoyipa ndikuwononga thanzi.