Pali magulu asanu ndi limodzi akuluakulu a mapulasitiki omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, polyester (PET polyethylene terephthalate), polyethylene (HDPE), polyethylene (LDPE), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS)
Koma, kodi mukudziwa momwe mungazindikire mapulasitiki awa? Kodi mungapangire bwanji "maso amoto" anu? Ndikuphunzitsani njira zina zothandiza, sikovuta kudziwa mapulasitiki omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumasekondi!
Pali pafupifupi njira zotsatirazi zodziwira mapulasitiki: chizindikiritso cha mawonekedwe, chizindikiritso cha kuyaka, chizindikiritso cha kachulukidwe, chizindikiritso chosungunuka, chizindikiritso cha zosungunulira, ndi zina zambiri.
Njira ziwiri zoyambirira ndi zosavuta komanso zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, ndipo amatha kuzindikira bwino kwambiri mitundu iyi ya mapulasitiki. Njira yozindikiritsa kachulukidwe imatha kuyika mapulasitiki ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri popanga. Chifukwa chake, apa tikuwonetsani atatu mwa iwo.
01 Chidziwitso cha mawonekedwe
Pulasitiki iliyonse ili ndi mawonekedwe ake, okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, gloss, kuwonekera,kuuma, etc. Maonekedwe chizindikiritso ndi kusiyanitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana kutengeramaonekedweza mapulasitiki.
Gome lotsatirali likuwonetsa mawonekedwe a mapulasitiki angapo wamba. Ogwira ntchito odziwa kusanja amatha kusiyanitsa molondola mitundu ya mapulasitiki kutengera mawonekedwe awa.
Kuzindikiritsa mawonekedwe a mapulasitiki angapo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri
1. Polyethylene PE
Katundu: Ikapanda kupakidwa utoto, imakhala yoyera ngati yamkaka, yonyezimira, ndi phula; mankhwala amamveka bwino akagwidwa ndi dzanja, ofewa ndi olimba, ndi atali pang'ono. Nthawi zambiri, polyethylene yotsika kwambiri imakhala yofewa ndipo imakhala yowonekera bwino, pomwe polyethylene yolimba kwambiri imakhala yovuta.
Zinthu wamba: filimu ya pulasitiki, zikwama zam'manja, mapaipi amadzi, ng'oma zamafuta, mabotolo akumwa (mabotolo amkaka a calcium), zofunikira za tsiku ndi tsiku, ndi zina zambiri.
2. Polypropylene PP
Katundu: Ndi woyera, translucent ndi waxy pamene si mtundu; chopepuka kuposa polyethylene. Kuwonekera ndikwabwinoko kuposa polyethylene komanso kulimba kuposa polyethylene. Kukana kutentha kwabwino, kupuma bwino, kukana kutentha mpaka 167 ° C.
Zinthu wamba: mabokosi, migolo, mafilimu, mipando, zikwama zoluka, zisoti zamabotolo, mabampu agalimoto, ndi zina zambiri.
3. Polystyrene PS
Katundu: Zowoneka bwino ngati sizikhala ndi utoto. Chogulitsacho chidzapanga phokoso lachitsulo pamene chigwetsedwa kapena kumenyedwa. Ili ndi gloss yabwino komanso yowonekera, yofanana ndi galasi. Ndi yofewa komanso yosavuta kusweka. Mukhoza kukanda pamwamba pa mankhwala ndi zikhadabo zanu. Polystyrene yosinthidwa ndi opaque.
Zinthu wamba: zolembera, makapu, zotengera chakudya, casings kunyumba chipangizo, Chalk magetsi, etc.
4. Polyvinyl kolorayidi PVC
Katundu: Mtundu woyambirira ndi wachikasu pang'ono, wonyezimira komanso wonyezimira. Kuwonekera bwino kuposa polyethylene ndi polypropylene, koma koyipa kuposa polystyrene. Kutengera kuchuluka kwa zowonjezera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zimagawidwa kukhala PVC yofewa komanso yolimba. Zofewa zimakhala zosinthika komanso zolimba, komanso zimakhala zomata. Zopangira zolimba zimakhala ndi kuuma kwakukulu kuposa polyethylene yotsika kwambiri koma yotsika kuposa polypropylene, ndipo kuyera kudzachitika pamapindikira. Imatha kupirira kutentha mpaka 81°C.
Zogulitsa wamba: zitsulo za nsapato, zoseweretsa, ma waya, zitseko ndi mazenera, zolembera, zotengera, ndi zina.
5. Polyethylene terephthalate PET
Katundu: Kuwonekera bwino kwambiri, mphamvu zabwinoko ndi kulimba kuposa polystyrene ndi polyvinyl chloride, yosasweka mosavuta, yosalala komanso yonyezimira. Kugonjetsedwa ndi asidi ndi alkali, osagonjetsedwa ndi kutentha kwakukulu, kosavuta kupunduka (kungathe kupirira kutentha pansi pa 69 ° C).
Zogulitsa wamba: nthawi zambiri zopangidwa ndi botolo: Mabotolo a Coke, mabotolo amadzi amchere, ndi zina.
kuphatikiza apo
Magulu asanu ndi limodzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri apulasitiki amathanso kudziwika ndizobwezeretsanso. Chizindikiro chobwezeretsanso chimakhala pansi pa chidebecho. Chizindikiro chaku China ndi manambala awiri okhala ndi "0" kutsogolo. Chizindikiro chakunja ndi manambala amodzi opanda "0". Nambala zotsatirazi zikuimira mtundu womwewo wa pulasitiki. Zogulitsa zochokera kwa opanga nthawi zonse zimakhala ndi chizindikiro ichi. Kupyolera mu chizindikiro chobwezeretsanso, mtundu wa pulasitiki ukhoza kudziwika bwino.
Kwa mitundu wamba ya pulasitiki, njira yoyatsira ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuzizindikira molondola. Nthawi zambiri, muyenera kukhala waluso posankha ndikukhala ndi mbuye woti azikutsogolerani kwakanthawi, kapena mutha kupeza mapulasitiki osiyanasiyana ndikuyesa kuyesa kuyaka nokha, ndipo mutha kuwadziwa bwino powafananiza ndikuloweza mobwerezabwereza. Palibe njira yachidule. Kufufuza. Mtundu ndi fungo la lawi la moto panthawi yoyaka komanso dziko litachoka pamoto lingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati maziko ozindikiritsa.
Ngati mtundu wa pulasitiki sungathe kutsimikiziridwa kuchokera ku zochitika zoyaka moto, zitsanzo za mitundu yodziwika ya pulasitiki zingasankhidwe kuti zifanane ndi kuzindikiritsa zotsatira zabwino.
03 Chizindikiritso cha kachulukidwe
Mapulasitiki ali ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana, ndipo zochitika zawo zomira ndi zoyandama m'madzi ndi njira zina ndizosiyana. Mayankho osiyanasiyana angagwiritsidwe ntchitokusiyanitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kachulukidwe ka mapulasitiki angapo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri komanso kuchuluka kwa zakumwa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zikuwonetsedwa patebulo lili pansipa. Zamadzimadzi zosiyanasiyana zimatha kusankhidwa molingana ndi mitundu yolekanitsa.
PP ndi PE zimatha kutsukidwa kuchokera ku PET ndi madzi, ndipo PP, PE, PS, PA, ndi ABS zitha kutsukidwa ndi brine yodzaza.
PP, PE, PS, PA, ABS, ndi PC zitha kuyandama ndi njira yamadzi ya calcium chloride. Ndi PVC yokhayo yomwe ili ndi kachulukidwe kofanana ndi PET ndipo singasiyanitsidwe ndi PET ndi njira yoyandama.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-30-2023