Igihe ikirere gishyuha kandi ubushyuhe bukazamuka, imyenda iba yoroheje kandi ikambara bike. Muri iki gihe, ubushobozi bwo guhumeka-imyenda ni ngombwa cyane! Igice c'imyenda ifite ubushobozi-bwo guhumeka neza gishobora guhumeka neza ibyuya biva mumubiri, bityoguhumeka-ubushobozi bwimyendabifitanye isano itaziguye no guhumuriza umwenda.
Gushyira mu bikorwa ubushobozi bwo guhumeka mu nganda z’imyenda
Inganda zimyenda: Ubushobozi bwo guhumeka nikimwe mubipimo byingenzi byo gusuzuma ubwiza bwimyenda. Cyane cyane mugihe utegura imyenda ya siporo yo hanze, inkweto za siporo nibindi bicuruzwa, birakenewe kugenzura niba bishobora gutanga ubushobozi bwiza bwo guhumeka binyuze mugupima ubushobozi bwo guhumeka kugirango ugere kubushuhe no kubira ibyuya. , Komeza ingaruka zumye.
Imyenda yo murugo: ibicuruzwa nkibitanda, ibitambara, ibipfukisho byo mu nzu, nibindi. Ikizamini cyoguhumeka ikirere kirashobora gukoreshwa kugirango hamenyekane ikirere cyinjira muri ibyo bicuruzwa hanyuma usuzume ihumure ryabyo nibisabwa.
Ibikoresho byo kwa muganga: Imyenda yubuvuzi nka kanzu yo kubaga hamwe na masike bigomba kugira ubushobozi bwo guhumeka neza kugirango abaganga bashobore gukomeza kubaho neza aho bakorera igihe kirekire. Binyuze mu gupima ubushobozi bwo guhumeka, imikorere ya gaze yo kugurisha ibicuruzwa irashobora kwiyemeza gukumira indwara ziterwa na bagiteri na virusi.
Ibikoresho bya siporo: Bimwe mubikoresho bya siporo nkinkweto za siporo, ingofero za siporo, nibindi bizakoresha no gupima ubushobozi bwo guhumeka kugirango imikorere yikwirakwizwa ryayo.
Gushyira mu bikorwa imbaraga-zo guhumeka mu zindi nganda
Ibikoresho by'imbere mu modoka: Menya uburyo bwo guhumeka ikirere hamwe no kurwanya ikirere ibikoresho by'imbere mu modoka (nka polyurethane, PVC, uruhu, imyenda, imyenda idoda, n'ibindi).
Ibikoresho byo kubaka: Menya neza ikirere cyinjira mubikoresho byubaka (nk'amabuye, beto, nibindi) kugirango usuzume ubushobozi bwabo bwo kugira ingaruka kumyuka yimbere imbere yinyubako.
Ibikoresho byo gupakira: Ibikoresho byinshi bidasanzwe byo gupakira (nkibikoresho byo kubika bishya, nibindi) bigomba kuba bifite urwego runaka rwimyuka ihumeka kugirango harebwe ubwiza bwibintu bipakira.
Ibicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki: Bimwe mubigize ibikoresho bya elegitoronike bigomba kugira umwuka mwiza kugirango habeho imikorere isanzwe yibikoresho bya elegitoroniki.
Kugereranya uburyo butandukanye bwo kwipimisha kubushobozi bwo guhumeka
Noneho, hariho amahame menshi nuburyo bwo gupima imyenda yo gupima. Ibikurikira bizana ibipimo byikizamini no kugereranya uburyo bwo guhumeka ikirere gikunze gukoreshwa murugo no hanze. Ibipimo ngenderwaho biva mubihugu cyangwa mumiryango itandukanye, nka ISO, GB, BS, ASTM, nibindi. Ibipimo byabantu kugiti cyabo birashobora gukoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bwibikoresho cyangwa ibicuruzwa, nkibidoda, imyenda, nibindi. Ibipimo bitandukanye bishobora gukoresha amahame atandukanye yo kwipimisha, nkaya nkuburyo bwo gutembera kwumwuka, uburyo bwo kohereza imyuka yamazi, nibindi. Nubwo ibipimo byinshi bikoresha amahame yo kugerageza, ibikoresho byihariye byo gupima birashobora gutandukana bitewe nibisabwa mubisanzwe.
1.ISO 9073-15 ISO 9237
Igipimo cyo gusaba: Birakwiriye kwipimisha ikirere cyibikoresho bidakozwe, nkibikoresho byo kuyungurura, ibikoresho byo gutwika amashyuza nibindi bice. Ihame ryikizamini: Uburyo bwo gutembera mu kirere bukoreshwa mu gupima urujya n'uruza rwa gaze binyuze mu cyitegererezo cyo gusuzuma imikorere-ihumeka. Ibikoresho byo kwipimisha: Ikizamini cyo guhumeka ikirere gikubiyemo isoko yikirere, imiterere yikizamini, metero zitemba nibindi bice.
2.GB / T 5453 GB / T 24218.15
Ingano yo gusaba: Yifashishijwe mu gusuzuma imikorere-ihumeka-yimikorere yimyenda, harimo imyenda, imyenda, nibindi.
Ihame ryikizamini: Koresha uburyo bwo gutembera kwumwuka cyangwa uburyo bwo kohereza umwuka wamazi kugirango upime igipimo cya gaze cyangwa imyuka yamazi inyura murugero kugirango usuzume imikorere yubushobozi bwo guhumeka.
Ibikoresho byo gupima: Uburyo butandukanye bwo gupima bushobora gusaba ibikoresho bitandukanye. Kurugero, uburyo bwo gutembera kwumwuka busaba ibikoresho byo gupima umwuka, kandi uburyo bwo kohereza imyuka y'amazi busaba ibikoresho byo kugenzura ubushuhe, nibindi.
3. BS 3424-16 BS 6F 100 3.13
Ingano yo gusaba: Yifashishijwe mu gusuzuma imikorere-ihumeka yimikorere yimyenda, nkimyenda, imyenda, nibindi.
Ihame ryo kwipimisha: uburyo bwo gutembera kwumwuka cyangwa uburyo bwo kohereza amazi yumuyaga.
Ibikoresho byo gupima: Ibikoresho bitandukanye birashobora gukenerwa ukurikije uburyo butandukanye bwo gupima. Kurugero, uburyo bwo gutembera kwumwuka busaba ibikoresho byo gupima umwuka, kandi uburyo bwo kohereza imyuka y'amazi busaba ibikoresho byo kugenzura ubushuhe, nibindi.
4. ASTM D737
Igipimo cyo gusaba: Ahanini bikoreshwa mugusuzuma imikorere-ihumeka yimyenda.
Ihame ryikizamini: Uburyo bwo gutembera mu kirere bukoreshwa mu gupima urujya n'uruza rwa gaze binyuze mu cyitegererezo cyo gusuzuma imikorere-ihumeka.
Ibikoresho byo kwipimisha: Ikizamini cyoguhumeka ikirere gikubiyemo isoko yikirere, imiterere yikizamini, metero zitemba, nibindi.
5. JIS L1096 Ingingo 8.26 Uburyo C.
Igipimo cyo gukoreshwa: Byakoreshejwe cyane mu nganda z’imyenda y’Ubuyapani, zikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gusuzuma imikorere-ihumeka yimyenda.
Ihame ryo kwipimisha: Uburyo bwo gutembera mu kirere bukoreshwa mu gupima ubushobozi bwo guhumeka neza.
Ibikoresho byo kwipimisha: Ikizamini cyoguhumeka ikirere gikubiyemo isoko yikirere, imiterere yikizamini, metero zitemba, nibindi.
Muri byo, uburyo bubiri busanzwe, ISO 9237 na ASTM D737, burakoreshwa cyane. GB / T 5453-1997 Iyi ngingo ngenderwaho ireba imyenda itandukanye yimyenda, harimo imyenda yinganda, imyenda idoda hamwe nibindi bicuruzwa bihumeka. Mugihe cyikizamini, imyenda yimyenda nigitambara cyo mu nganda byatandukanijwe mu buryo bwihishe hakoreshejwe igitutu gitandukanye. Kugabanuka k'umuvuduko w'imyenda y'imyenda byari 100Pa, naho igitutu cy'imyenda y'inganda cyari 200Pa. Muri GB / T5453-1985 "Uburyo bwo Kwipimisha Imyenda Yuburyo bwo Kwipimisha", uburyo bwo guhumeka ikirere (bivuga ubwinshi bwumwuka uva mu gice cyigitambara mugihe cyumwanya umwe ukurikije itandukaniro ryumuvuduko ugaragara kumpande zombi zigitambara) ikoreshwa mugupima ikirere cyimyuka yimyenda. Ivugururwa risanzwe rya GB / T 5453-1997 rikoresha uburyo bwo guhumeka ikirere (bivuga igipimo cy’umuyaga uva mu cyerekezo uca mu cyitegererezo munsi y’icyitegererezo cyagenwe, kugabanuka k'umuvuduko n'ibihe byagenwe) kugira ngo bigaragaze umwuka w’imyenda.
ASTM D737 itandukanye nibipimo byavuzwe haruguru mubijyanye nurwego rusaba, ubushyuhe nubushuhe, agace kageragezwa, itandukaniro ryumuvuduko, nibindi. Urebye uko ibintu byifashe mubucuruzi bw’ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga n’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, hateganijwe gukoresha ingero zitandukanye kugira ngo ugereranye kandi uganire kuri ubushyuhe bwihariye nubushuhe, agace kageragezwa, itandukaniro ryumuvuduko nibindi bisabwa bya ISO 9237 na ASTM D737, hitamo ibisabwa nibisabwa, kandi ushyireho amahame akwiye yinganda mubucuruzi bwo gutumiza no kohereza hanze.
Kugereranya ibisubizo by'ibizamini
Imyenda ihumeka-ibisubizo bifitanye isano rya hafi nuburyo bwo gupima bwakoreshejwe. Mu bisubizo by'ibizamini byabonetse hakoreshejwe uburyo bune butandukanye bwo gupima: ISO 9237, GB / T 5453, ASTM D 737 na JIS L 1096: uburyo bwo guhumeka ikirere bwageragejwe ukurikije GB / T 5453 na ISO 9237 ni kimwe; ukurikije GB / T5453 (ISO 9237)) Ikirere cyapimwe ni gito; ikirere cyapimwe ukurikije JIS L1096 nicyo kinini; ikirere cyapimwe ukurikije ASTM D737 kiri hagati. Iyo ahantu ho kwipimisha hatagihindutse, umwuka wumwuka wiyongera uko umuvuduko w umuvuduko wiyongera, ibyo bikaba bigereranywa nigabanuka ryumuvuduko wiyongera cyane. Muncamake, gusa muguhitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo gupima bushingiye kubiranga ibicuruzwa birashobora gusuzumwa neza guhumeka neza.
Ibisobanuro birambuye byintambwe yikizamini (gufata GB / T 24218-15 nkurugero)
Gutoranya kugenwa hashingiwe ku bipimo byibicuruzwa cyangwa kugisha inama impande zombi. Kubikoresho byo kwipimisha bishobora gupima mu buryo butaziguye imyenda minini idoda, byibuze ibice 5 byimyenda minini idafite imyenda irashobora gutoranywa nkurugero rwo kwipimisha; kubikoresho byo kugerageza bidashobora gupima ubunini bunini bw'icyitegererezo, gukata ibishushanyo cyangwa inyandikorugero birashobora gukoreshwa (Kata byibuze ingero 5 z'ubunini bwa mm 100mmX100).
Shira icyitegererezo kuva mubidukikije bisanzwe mubidukikije bisanzwe byikirere byujuje GB / T6529 hanyuma uhindure ubuhehere buringaniye.
Fata inkombe yikigereranyo kugirango wirinde guhindura imiterere karemano yikizamini.
Shira icyitegererezo kumutwe wikizamini hanyuma ugikosore hamwe na sisitemu yo gufunga kugirango wirinde kugoreka urugero cyangwa gazi yamenetse mugihe cyizamini. Iyo hari itandukaniro ryimyuka yumuyaga hagati yimbere ninyuma yicyitegererezo, uruhande rwibizamini rugomba kwitonderwa muri raporo yikizamini. Kubigereranyo bitwikiriye, shyira icyitegererezo hamwe kuruhande rushyizwe hepfo (werekeza kuruhande rwumuvuduko muke) kugirango wirinde ko gazi yatemba.
Fungura pompe ya vacuum hanyuma uhindure umuvuduko wumwuka kugeza igihe itandukaniro ryumuvuduko ukenewe rigeze, ni ukuvuga 100Pa, 125Pa cyangwa 200Pa. Ku bikoresho bimwe bishya, igipimo cyumuvuduko wikigereranyo cyatoranijwe mbere, kandi itandukaniro ryumuvuduko kumpande zombi zapimwe aperture ryerekanwe muburyo bwa digitale mugice cyatoranijwe kugirango byoroherezwe gusoma.
Niba igipimo cyumuvuduko cyakoreshejwe, tegereza kugeza igihe agaciro gasabwa gashobora guhagarara hanyuma usome agaciro kinjira mumyuka muri litiro kumasegonda kare ya santimetero [L / (cm · s)].
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-06-2024