Abaguzi muri societe yiki gihe barushaho kwita ku gitekerezo cyo kurengera ibidukikije, kandi ibisobanuro by’abaguzi ku bijyanye n’ibicuruzwa byahindutse bucece.Imyumvire yimbitse yibicuruzwa 'impumuro' nayo yabaye kimwe mubipimo nyamukuru kubakoresha kugirango basuzume ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa.Akenshi abaguzi batanga ibisobanuro kubicuruzwa nka: "Iyo ufunguye paki, habaho impumuro nziza ya plastike, ikaba ikaze cyane" cyangwa "Iyo ufunguye agasanduku k'inkweto, haba impumuro ikomeye ya kole, kandi ibicuruzwa bikumva munsi ".Ingaruka ntishobora kwihanganira abayikora benshi.Impumuro nicyo cyunvikana cyane kubaguzi.Niba umubare ugereranije neza usabwa, dukeneye kumva igitekerezo cya VOC.
1. VOC niki kandi mubyiciro byabo?
VOC ni impfunyapfunyo yizina ryicyongereza "Volatile Organic Compound" yibintu bihindagurika.Byombi ibishinwa bihindagurika kama hamwe nibihingwa ngengabuzima byicyongereza bihindagurika ni birebire, biramenyerewe rero gukoresha VOC cyangwa VOC mugihe gito.TVOC. Ijambo rusange ryibinyabuzima bihindagurika.Irerekana urwego rusange rwa VOC kandi kurubu ni rusangeibisabwa. SVOC(Semi Volatile Organic compound): Ibinyabuzima kama mu kirere ntabwo ari VOC gusa.Ibinyabuzima bimwe na bimwe bishobora kubaho icyarimwe muri gaze ya gaze hamwe nuduce duto ku bushyuhe bwicyumba, kandi igipimo mubyiciro byombi kizahinduka uko ubushyuhe buhinduka.Ibintu nkibi byitwa organic volatile organic compound, cyangwa SVOCs mugihe gito.NVOCHariho kandi ibinyabuzima bimwe na bimwe biboneka gusa mubintu byoroheje mubushyuhe bwicyumba, kandi ni ibinyabuzima bidahindagurika, byitwa NVOCs.Yaba VOC, SVOCs cyangwa NVOCs mu kirere, bose bagira uruhare mubikorwa byimiti yo mu kirere ndetse n’umubiri, kandi bimwe muribyo bishobora guhungabanya ubuzima bwabantu.Zizana ingaruka z’ibidukikije zirimo kugira ingaruka ku kirere, bigira ingaruka ku kirere n’ikirere, n'ibindi.
2. Ni ibihe bintu bikubiye muri VOC?
Ukurikije imiterere yimiti yibinyabuzima bihindagurika (VOCs), birashobora gukomeza kugabanywamo ibyiciro 8: alkane, hydrocarbone ya aromatiya, alukene, hydrocarbone ya halogene, esters, aldehydes, ketone nibindi bikoresho.Duhereye ku kurengera ibidukikije, bivuga cyane cyane ubwoko bw’ibinyabuzima bihindagurika bifite imiti ikora.VOC isanzwe irimo benzene, toluene, xylene, styrene, trichlorethylene, chloroform, trichloroethane, diisocyanate (TDI), diisocyanocresyl, nibindi.
Ingaruka za VOC?
.VOC irashobora kunyura muburyo bworoshye bwamaraso yubwonko kandi ikangiza sisitemu yo hagati;VOC irashobora kwangiza umwijima w'umuntu, impyiko, ubwonko na sisitemu y'imitsi.
(2) Kanseri, teratogenicite hamwe nuburozi bwa sisitemu yimyororokere.Nka formaldehyde, p-xylene (PX), nibindi
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Kuki ibigo bikeneye kugenzura VOC mubicuruzwa?
- 1. Kubura ibicuruzwa byerekana ibicuruzwa no kugurisha.
- 2. Guhuriza hamwe ibicuruzwa n'amarushanwa akaze.Intambara y'ibiciro yatumye inyungu zamasosiyete zigabanuka, bituma bidashoboka.
- 3. Ibibazo by'abaguzi, gusubiramo nabi.Iki kintu gifite ingaruka zikomeye mubikorwa byimodoka.Iyo abaguzi bahisemo imodoka, usibye ibisabwa mubikorwa, icyerekezo cyumunuko uva mumodoka imbere kirahagije kugirango uhindure ihitamo rya nyuma.
4. Umuguzi yanze kandi asubiza ibicuruzwa.Bitewe nigihe kirekire cyo kubika ahantu hafunze kontineri kubicuruzwa byo murugo, impumuro irakabije iyo kontineri ifunguye, bigatuma umukozi ushinzwe gutwara abantu yanga gupakurura ibicuruzwa, umuguzi akabyanga, cyangwa bisaba byuzuye iperereza ku nkomoko yumunuko, gusuzuma ibyago, nibindi. Cyangwa ibicuruzwa birekura impumuro ikomeye mugihe cyo gukoresha (nka: feri yo mu kirere, ifuru, gushyushya no guhumeka, nibindi), bigatuma abaguzi basubiza ibicuruzwa.
5. Ibisabwa n'amategeko n'amabwiriza.Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi uherutse kuzamuraibyuka bihumanyakumugereka wa XVII wa REACH (ibisabwa byateganijwe) ushyira imbere ibisabwa hejuru yo kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze.Mu myaka yashize, igihugu cyanjye gisabwa kugenzura VOC nacyo cyakunze kuba kenshi, ndetse no ku isonga ryisi.Kurugero, nyuma yibyabaye "inzira yuburozi" yakuruye abantu muri societe, hashyizweho ibipimo ngenderwaho byigihugu byigihugu bya siporo.Blue Sky Defence yatangije urukurikirane rwaibisabwakubicuruzwa bibisi nibindi.
TTSkuva kera yiyemeje ubushakashatsi niterambere ryiterambere rya tekinoroji ya VOC, ifite itsinda rya tekinike yabigize umwuga hamwe na hamwe ryuzuyeikizaminiibikoresho, kandi irashobora guha abakiriya serivisi imwe-imwe kuva kugenzura ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa kugeza kubicuruzwa byanyuma VOC ikurikirana.imwe.Ibyerekeye ikizamini cya VOCSerivisi yo gupima VOC irashobora gukoresha uburyo butandukanye bugenewe ibicuruzwa bitandukanye nintego zitandukanye: 1. Ibikoresho bito: uburyo bwa mikoro-cage umufuka (umufuka wicyitegererezo cyikizamini cyihariye cya VOC), uburyo bwo gusesengura amashyuza 2. Ibicuruzwa byarangiye: umufuka Uburyo busanzwe ububiko bwububiko bwa VOC ( ibisobanuro bitandukanye bihuye nubunini butandukanye bwibicuruzwa) birakoreshwa kuri: imyenda, inkweto, ibikinisho, ibikoresho bito, nibindi. Ibiranga: Biro Veritas itanga serivisi kuburyo bunini bwububiko, bukwiranye nibikoresho byuzuye (nka sofa, Wardrobe , nibindi) cyangwa isuzumabumenyi rusange mubikoresho binini byo murugo (firigo, konderasi).Kubikoresho byamashanyarazi murugo, hasuzumwa kabiri imikorere yimikorere nudakoreshwa kumashini yose irashobora gukorwa kugirango bigereranye VOC irekura ibicuruzwa mubitwara cyangwa gukoresha ibyumba.Icya kabiri: Gusuzuma impumuro nziza TTSamaze igihe kinini akora muri serivisi zipimisha VOC, kandi afite itsinda ryayo risuzuma impumuro yumwuga "izuru rya zahabu", rishobora gutanganeza, integonakurenganuraserivise zo kunuka kubicuruzwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-07-2023