Mu myaka yashize, inganda za drones zagiye zitera kandi ntizihagarikwa. Ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi Goldman Sachs giteganya ko isoko rya drone rizagira amahirwe yo kugera kuri miliyari 100 US $ muri 2020.
01 Ibipimo byo kugenzura drone
Kugeza ubu, mu gihugu cyanjye hari ibice birenga 300 byinjira mu nganda z’indege zitagira abapilote, harimo n’inganda nini zigera ku 160, zakoze R&D yuzuye, inganda, ibicuruzwa na serivisi. Mu rwego rwo kugenzura inganda zitagira abadereva z’abasivili, igihugu cyateje imbere buhoro buhoro ibisabwa by’igihugu.
UAV electromagnetic ihuza ibipimo byo kugenzura
GB / 17626-2006 ibipimo bya electromagnetic ihuza ibipimo;
GB / 9254-2008 Imipaka yo guhungabanya radio nuburyo bwo gupima ibikoresho byikoranabuhanga byamakuru;
GB / T17618-2015 Ibikoresho byikoranabuhanga byikoranabuhanga bigabanya ubudahangarwa nuburyo bwo gupima.
Ibipimo bigenzura umutekano windege
GB / T 20271-2016 Ikoranabuhanga ryumutekano amakuru yamakuru rusange yumutekano ibisabwa muri sisitemu yamakuru;
YD / T 2407-2013 Ibisabwa bya tekiniki kubushobozi bwumutekano wa terefone igendanwa;
QJ 20007-2011 Ibisobanuro rusange kubijyanye nogukoresha ibyogajuru hamwe nibikoresho byakira.
Ibipimo byo kugenzura umutekano wa drone
GB 16796-2009 Ibisabwa byumutekano nuburyo bwo gupima ibikoresho byo gutabaza umutekano.
02 Ibikoresho byo kugenzura UAV nibisabwa tekinike
Igenzura rya drone rifite ibisabwa bya tekinike. Ibikurikira nibintu byingenzi nibisabwa tekinike yo kugenzura drone:
Kugenzura ibipimo by'indege
Igenzura ryibipimo byindege ahanini bikubiyemo uburebure buri hejuru yindege, igihe kinini cyo kwihangana, radiyo yindege, umuvuduko ntarengwa windege, kugenzura neza inzira, kugenzura intoki kure, kurwanya umuyaga, umuvuduko mwinshi wo kuzamuka, nibindi.
Kugenzura umuvuduko ntarengwa wa horizontal
Mubikorwa bisanzwe, drone irazamuka igera ku butumburuke bwa metero 10 ikandika intera S1 yerekanwe kuri mugenzuzi muri iki gihe;
Drone iguruka mu buryo butambitse ku muvuduko ntarengwa w'amasegonda 10, kandi yandika intera S2 yerekanwe kuri mugenzuzi muri iki gihe;
Kubara umuvuduko ntarengwa wo kuguruka ukurikije formula (1).
Inzira ya 1: V = (S2-S1) / 10
Icyitonderwa: V ni umuvuduko ntarengwa wo kuguruka, muri metero kumasegonda (m / s); S1 nintera yambere yerekanwe kumugenzuzi, muri metero (m); S2 ni intera yanyuma yerekanwe kumugenzuzi, muri metero (m).
Igenzura ntarengwa ryindege
Mugihe gisanzwe gikora, drone irazamuka igera ku butumburuke bwa metero 10 ikandika uburebure bwa H1 bwerekanwe kuri mugenzuzi muri iki gihe;
Noneho umurongo uburebure hanyuma wandike uburebure H2 bwerekanwe kumugenzuzi muriki gihe;
Kubara uburebure buri hejuru yindege ukurikije formula (2).
Inzira ya 2: H ＝ H2 － H1
Icyitonderwa: H nuburebure ntarengwa bwo kuguruka bwa drone, muri metero (m); H1 nuburebure bwambere bwindege yerekanwe kumugenzuzi, muri metero (m); H2 nuburebure bwanyuma bwindege yerekanwe kumugenzuzi, muri metero (m).
Ikizamini ntarengwa cyubuzima bwa bateri
Koresha bateri yuzuye yuzuye kugirango ugenzure, uzamure drone muburebure bwa metero 5 hanyuma uzenguruke, koresha isaha yo guhagarara kugirango utangire igihe, kandi uhagarike igihe iyo drone ihita imanuka. Igihe cyanditse nubuzima ntarengwa bwa bateri.
Kugenzura radiyo
Intera yindege yerekanwe kumugenzuzi wafashwe amajwi yerekeza intera yindege ya drone kuva yatangiriye kugaruka. Iradiyo yindege nintera yindege yanditswe kumugenzuzi ugabanijwe na 2.
kugenzura inzira yindege
Shushanya uruziga rufite diameter ya 2m hasi; uzamure drone kuva muruziga kugera kuri metero 10 hanyuma uzenguruke muminota 15. Kurikirana niba vertical projection ya position ya drone irenze uruziga mugihe kizunguruka. Niba vertical projection imyanya itarenze uruziga, inzira ya horizontal igenzura neza ni ≤1m; uzamure drone muburebure bwa metero 50 hanyuma uzenguruke muminota 10, hanyuma wandike agaciro ntarengwa nuburebure bwagaciro bwerekanwe kumugenzuzi mugihe cyo kugendagenda. Agaciro k'uburebure bubiri ukuyemo uburebure iyo uzunguruka ni vertical track igenzura neza. Kugenzura inzira ihagaze neza igomba kuba <10m.
Kugenzura kure
Nukuvuga ko, ushobora kugenzura kuri mudasobwa cyangwa APP ko drone yagenze intera yagenwe nuwabikoresheje, kandi ugomba kuba ushobora kugenzura indege ya drone ukoresheje mudasobwa / APP.
Ikizamini cyo kurwanya umuyaga
Ibisabwa: Guhaguruka bisanzwe, kugwa no kuguruka birashoboka mumuyaga utari munsi ya 6.
Kugenzura neza
Guhagarara neza kwa drone biterwa nikoranabuhanga, kandi intera yukuri drone zitandukanye ishobora kugeraho ziratandukanye. Gerageza ukurikije imiterere yakazi ya sensor hamwe nurwego rwukuri rwerekanwe kubicuruzwa.
Uhagaritse: ± 0.1m (iyo imyanya igaragara ikora bisanzwe); ± 0.5m (iyo GPS ikora bisanzwe);
Uhagaritse: ± 0.3m (iyo imyanya igaragara ikora bisanzwe); ± 1.5m (iyo GPS ikora bisanzwe);
Ikizamini cyo kurwanya insulation
Reba uburyo bwo kugenzura bwerekanwe muri GB16796-2009 Ingingo 5.4.4.1. Mugihe amashanyarazi yafunguye, shyira ingufu za 500 V DC hagati yumuriro winjira hamwe nicyuma cyerekanwe kumazu kumasegonda 5 hanyuma upime ako kanya. Niba igikonoshwa kidafite ibice byayobora, igikonoshwa cyigikoresho kigomba gutwikirwa nigice cyumuyoboro wicyuma, kandi hagomba gupimwa ubukana bwokwirinda hagati yicyuma nicyuma cyinjiza amashanyarazi. Igipimo cyo kurwanya insulation kigomba kuba ≥5MΩ.
Ikizamini cy'ingufu z'amashanyarazi
Ukoresheje uburyo bwikizamini bwerekanwe muri GB16796-2009 ingingo ya 5.4.3, ikizamini cyingufu zamashanyarazi hagati yumuriro wamashanyarazi nigice cyicyuma cyerekanwe kigomba kuba gishobora guhangana na voltage ya AC ivugwa mubisanzwe, ikamara umunota 1. Ntabwo hagomba kubaho gusenyuka cyangwa guterana.
Kugenzura kwizerwa
Igihe cyakazi mbere yo gutsindwa kwambere ni hours amasaha 2, ibizamini byinshi byasubiwemo biremewe, kandi buri gihe cyibizamini ntabwo kiri munsi yiminota 15.
Kwipimisha ubushyuhe bwo hejuru kandi buke
Kubera ko ibidukikije aho drone ikorera akenshi birahinduka kandi bigoye, kandi buri cyitegererezo cyindege gifite ubushobozi butandukanye bwo kugenzura ingufu zimbere nubushyuhe, amaherezo bikavamo ibyuma byindege ubwabyo bihuza nubushyuhe butandukanye, kugirango rero duhure Kubindi byinshi cyangwa gukora ibisabwa mubihe byihariye, kugenzura indege munsi yubushyuhe buke kandi buke birakenewe. Kugenzura ubushyuhe bwo hejuru kandi buke bwa drone bisaba gukoresha ibikoresho.
Ikizamini cyo kurwanya ubushyuhe
Reba uburyo bwikizamini bwerekanwe mu ngingo 5.6.2.1 ya GB16796-2009. Mubihe bisanzwe byakazi, koresha ingingo ya termometero cyangwa uburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bwo gupima ubushyuhe bwubuso nyuma yamasaha 4 yo gukora. Ubwiyongere bwubushyuhe bwibice bugerwaho ntibugomba kurenza agaciro kagenwe mubihe bisanzwe byakazi mumeza 2 ya GB8898-2011.
Kugenzura ubushyuhe buke
Ukurikije uburyo bwikizamini bwerekanwe muri GB / T 2423.1-2008, drone yashyizwe mu gasanduku k’ibidukikije ku bushyuhe bwa (-25 ± 2) ° C nigihe cyo gukora amasaha 16. Ikizamini kimaze kurangira no kugarurwa mubihe bisanzwe byikirere cyamasaha 2, drone igomba kuba ishobora gukora bisanzwe.
Ikizamini cyo kunyeganyega
Ukurikije uburyo bwo kugenzura bwerekanwe muri GB / T2423.10-2008:
Drone imeze nabi kandi idapakiwe;
Ikirangantego: 10Hz ~ 150Hz;
Inshuro zambukiranya: 60Hz;
f ＜ 60Hz, amplitude ihoraho 0.075mm;
f> 60Hz, kwihuta guhoraho 9.8m / s2 (1g);
Ingingo imwe yo kugenzura;
Umubare wa scan cycle kuri buri murongo ni l0.
Igenzura rigomba gukorwa hepfo ya drone kandi igihe cyo kugenzura ni iminota 15. Nyuma yubugenzuzi, drone ntigomba kugira ibyangiritse bigaragara kandi irashobora gukora mubisanzwe.
Kureka ikizamini
Ikizamini cyo guta nikizamini gisanzwe ibicuruzwa byinshi bigomba gukora ubu. Ku ruhande rumwe, ni ukureba niba gupakira ibicuruzwa bya drone bishobora kurinda ibicuruzwa ubwabyo kugirango umutekano wubwikorezi; kurundi ruhande, mubyukuri nibikoresho byindege. kwiringirwa.
ikizamini
Mugihe kinini cyo gukoresha, drone ikorerwa ibizamini nko kugoreka no kwikorera imitwaro. Ikizamini kimaze kurangira, drone igomba kuba ishobora gukomeza gukora bisanzwe.
ikizamini cyo kubaho
Kora ibizamini byubuzima kuri gimbal ya drone, radar igaragara, buto yingufu, buto, nibindi, kandi ibisubizo byikizamini bigomba kubahiriza amabwiriza yibicuruzwa.
Kwambara ikizamini cyo guhangana
Koresha impapuro za RCA kugirango ugerageze kurwanya abrasion, kandi ibisubizo byikizamini bigomba kubahiriza ibisabwa abrasion byerekanwe kubicuruzwa.
Ibindi bizamini bisanzwe
Nkibigaragara, igenzura ryapakiwe, igenzura ryuzuye ryinteko, ibice byingenzi nubugenzuzi bwimbere, kuranga, gushyira akamenyetso, kugenzura icapiro, nibindi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-24-2024