Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwibikoresho, nkibikoresho bikomeye byo mubiti, ibikoresho bikozwe mucyuma, ibikoresho byo mu nzu, nibindi. Ibikoresho byinshi byo mu nzu bisaba abaguzi kubiteranya ubwabo nyuma yo kugura. Kubwibyo, mugihe abagenzuzi bakeneye kugenzura ibikoresho byateranijwe, bakeneye guteranya ibikoresho kurubuga. Ni ubuhe buryo bukoreshwa mu bikoresho byo gusenya no guteranya ibikoresho, uburyo bwo kubikorera ku rubuga, kandi ni ubuhe buryo bwo kwirinda.
1.Ku gipimo cyo kugenzura inteko
1) Umugenzuzi agomba kwigenga guteranya byibuze ibicuruzwa bimwe ukurikije igitabo cyinteko. Niba ingano y'ibicuruzwa ari nini cyane kandi bisaba ubufasha bw'abakozi bo mu ruganda, birakenewe ko uhuza ibice bihuye byashyizweho kandi bigakorwa n'umugenzuzi ubwabo.
2) Iteraniro ryibindi bicuruzwa rirashobora kurangizwa nabakozi bo muruganda, ariko bigomba kurangizwa bikurikiranwa neza na mugenzuzi. Ni ngombwa kugenzura inzira zose zo guteranya ibicuruzwa, aho kwibanda gusa kubisubizo byanyuma byo guterana. Kubwibyo, mugihe cyibikorwa, umugenzuzi ntashobora kuva aho iteraniro, kandi ubwinshi bwibikoresho biterwa nubugenzuzi (WI).
2.Ku ntambwe yo guteranya urubuga no kwirinda
1) Kurubuga ibikoresho bigomba gukurikiza byimazeyo amabwiriza yinteko yatanzwe nibicuruzwa. Mugihe cyo guterana, reba niba intambwe ziri mumabwiriza yinteko arukuri, niba buri kintu cyujuje ibyangombwa bya tekiniki, niba gihuye neza, niba umwobo uhagaze neza, niba ibicuruzwa bihamye, kandi niba ibikoresho byo hanze bikenewe (muri rusange ntabwo byemewe, ibisabwa byihariye biterwa n'amabwiriza)
2) Mbere yo guterana, ni ngombwa kumenya umubare wibicuruzwa, fungura ikarito yikarito yo gupakira, shyira ibikoresho byuma ahantu hatandukanye hanyuma ubibare kugirango wirinde igihombo cyangwa kuvanga nibikoresho biva mubindi bicuruzwa.
3) Ubwa mbere, reba niba umubare nubunini bwibigize bihuye numubare ugaragara mu gitabo. Mugihe cyo guterana, witondere kudasimbuza ibice bidakwiriye.
4) Soma witonze igitabo gikubiyemo inteko, banza utandukane ibice byingenzi bikurikirana, hanyuma usure imbaho zitandukanye kugirango zihuze. Nibyiza gufata amafoto yibi bibaho kimwe.
5) Tegura ibikoresho byo kwishyiriraho nka screwdrivers, wrenches, nibindi, kandi ukurikize byimazeyo intambwe yo guterana mugitabo cyo guteranya ibicuruzwa mugihe cyo guterana. Abagenzuzi bakeneye kwitondera byumwihariko: abakozi bo muruganda bakunze gushingira kuburambe mugihe cyo guterana kandi bakananirwa gukurikiza neza intambwe ziri mubitabo. Iyi myitozo ntishobora kugenzura niba igitabo cyibikoresho gifite ishingiro kandi cyuzuye. Niba iki kibazo kibonetse, kigomba guhagarikwa / gukosorwa ako kanya. Nibyiza gushiraho igice kimwe icyarimwe, kandi ntabwo ari ibice byinshi icyarimwe, kugirango wirinde kugenzurwa bidahagije.
6) Muri rusange, gahunda yo guteranya ibicuruzwa byinshi irashobora kugabanywamo ibice bine:
Intambwe yambere nugukora skeleton yibicuruzwa. Muri iki gikorwa, hagomba kwitonderwa niba umwobo uhuza skeleton ari ukuri, niba kwishyiriraho bolts hamwe nizindi funga byoroshye, niba abahuza bafunze, kandi niba icyuho cya skeleton ari kimwe kandi gihamye.
Intambwe ya kabiri nugushiraho ibice bihamye bishimangira imiterere kuri skeleton. Muri iki gikorwa, hagomba kwitonderwa ibikoresho byuma, cyane cyane imashini, bitagomba kubura. Ibigize byose hamwe nibifunga bigomba gushyirwa kumurongo, kandi imyobo ihuza igomba kugenzurwa kugirango ibe ikwiye. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko imiyoboro idahwitse ikunze kugaragara muriki gikorwa.
Intambwe ya gatatu nugushiraho ibikoresho biyobora cyangwa hinge ihuza ibice byimuka mumwanya uhuye. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko ibikoresho byo mu nzu bishobora gusenywa no guteranyirizwa hamwe inshuro nyinshi nta kibazo cyangiritse. Muri iki gikorwa, hagomba kwitonderwa niba ibyo bikoresho bifite imyobo irekuye cyangwa ibice byangiritse nyuma yumurongo umwe.
Igice cya kane nugushiraho utuntu duto cyangwa imitako cyangwa ibikoresho. Muri iki gikorwa, hagomba kwitonderwa niba uburebure bwa screw bwujuje ibisabwa, niba ibikoresho byo gushushanya bishobora gushimangirwa cyane, niba umwanya wu mwobo ukwiye mugihe ufunze umugozi, kandi niba ibicuruzwa bitagomba gushushanywa cyangwa ibikoresho bidakwiye. irekure.
Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa
1. Kubura ibice mubicuruzwa, cyane cyane ibikoresho byuma mubipfunyika bito
2. Umwanya wu mwobo ntabwo wujuje ibisabwa, cyane cyane harimo guhuza umwobo utari wo, umwobo muto, muto cyane cyangwa umwobo muremure cyane, gutandukana kwerekezo, nibindi
3. Imyobo y'ibikoresho ku kibaho yuzuyemo irangi, kandi ibyuma ntibishobora kwinjizwa neza
4. Ibikoresho byuma ntibishobora gufungwa cyane, kandi ibicuruzwa ntabwo bifite umutekano
5. Iyo ufunze ibikoresho byuma, ibice birashobora guhinduka, kumeneka, cyangwa kwangirika
6. Ibice byimikorere bikora ntibishobora gusunikwa cyangwa gukururwa neza
7. Ihuza ryangiritse hamwe nigituba cyangiritse hejuru yibikoresho byuma
8. Ikinyuranyo gikabije cyangwa kitaringaniye hagati yibigize mugihe cyo guterana
Ibisabwa byujuje ubuziranengenauburyo bwo kugenzurakubicuruzwa
1. Uburyo bwo kugenzura
Gupima ibikoresho, kugenzura amashusho, gukoraho intoki, no kugenzura ibicuruzwa ukurikije ibisabwa bya tekiniki yo guteranya ibicuruzwa no gushushanya ibipimo
Intera yo kumenya
Igomba kuba munsi yumucyo usanzwe cyangwa urumuri rusanzwe (urugero: 40W itara rya fluorescent), rifite intera ya 700-1000mm
3. Intego yo kugenzura isura
1) Gusudira, kuzunguruka, mortise hamwe na tenon bifatanye mugukosora ibice ntibigomba kurekurwa
2) Imiyoboro hamwe nibikoresho byuma bigomba kutarekurwa
3) Ubuso bwibikoresho byuma bidafite ibishushanyo, igipande (coating) kirakomeye, kandi ntagishishwa cyangwa ingese;
4) Ibikoresho bitwara imitwaro nibice byimuka ntibigomba kugira ibice, ipfundo, umwobo w’udukoko, cyangwa izindi nenge
5) Ibice byimuka bigomba guhuzwa kandi byizewe, ntibigwe wenyine, kandi bigomba guhinduka kandi byoroshye gukoresha
6) Ibikoresho byuma ntibigomba kugira ibice cyangwa inkovu
7) Ntihakagombye kubaho gusudira, gusudira muburyo busanzwe, cyangwa gusudira kwinjira kurubuga
8) Ibice byo gusudira bigomba kuba bitarimo imyenge, gusudira, hamwe na spatter
9) Ibice bizunguruka bigomba kuzunguruka neza nta kimenyetso cyinyundo
10) Igipfundikizo kigomba kuba kitarimo gutwikwa, ibituba, pinholes, ibice, ibisebe, hamwe
11) Igipfukisho c'ibice by'icyuma ntigomba kugira hasi igaragara, kutaringaniza, kugabanuka kugaragara, ibibyimba, iminkanyari, cyangwa irangi riguruka
12) Nta gushushanya cyangwa gushushanya hejuru yibicuruzwa byarangiye
13) Imiterere rusange yibicuruzwa irakomeye, iringaniye hasi, kandi nta bwisanzure mubigize iyo bihungabanye. Ihuriro rirakomeye kandi nta cyuho kigaragara
14) Ibirahuri n'inzugi z'akabati zifite isuku nta kimenyetso gifatika, kandi guhuza cyangwa guhuza birakomeye kandi bikomeye
15) Ibikoresho byuma bifungura kenshi, nka hinges, retractable, slide drawer, nibindi, bisaba gufungura no gufunga byoroshye
16) Ibiti bikomeye bidafite ibimenyetso byangirika, umwobo w’udukoko, kuvunika, nibindi, kandi ibara nicyerekezo cyibiti byimbuto birahuye. Ibirungo byujuje ibisabwa
17) Igipfundikizo cyibice byimbaho ntigomba kugira iminkanyari cyangwa gusiga irangi: gutwikira cyangwa gutwikira ibice byicyuma ntibigomba kugira ibishishwa, kudoda, cyangwa gusiga irangi.
18) Igipfundikizo ku bice byimbaho kigomba kuba kiringaniye kandi cyoroshye, nta gushushanya, ibibara byera, ibibyimba, kugabanuka, no gutandukanya amabara agaragara
19) Ibice bigize akanama ntigizwe nubusa, birekuye, udukoko twanduye, twacitse, twacagaguritse, dushushanya, imisumari, utoborwa, nibindi bintu
20) Ibara ryubuso rigomba kuba rihamye, haba kugereranya igice kimwe mumwanya utandukanye cyangwa kugereranya sisitemu yose, ibara rigomba kuba rihamye
21) Nta bimenyetso bigaragara byerekana ibikoresho hejuru, nk'ibimenyetso by'icyuma, ibimenyetso byo gukurura, gucamo ibice, gucamo, umukara wirabura, no kurohama.
22) Impeta ntigomba kugororwa cyangwa kuzamurwa cyane, kandi ntibyemewe guhindura urugi mugunama hinge kugirango igumane uburinganire bwayo.
23) Ikirahuri hamwe nindorerwamo bigomba gushyirwaho nta kunyeganyega cyangwa kurekura
24) Igicuruzwa ntigifite imyanda, imyanda ikarishye, burrs, ibimenyetso bya kole, umukara watwitse, cyangwa gutera cyane
25) Ingano rusange yibicuruzwa byarangiye yujuje ibisabwa gushushanya, kandi ibipimo byo hanze biri murwego rwemewe rwo kwihanganira
Ibikoresho bisanzweyo gusenya no guteranya ibikoresho
Ibikoresho byifashishwa mubisanzwe bikoreshwa mugukosora no guhuza imiterere mugihe cyo gusenya ibikoresho. Ihuriro risanzwe mubikoresho birimo impeta, umuhuza (eccentric cyangwa uhoraho), kunyerera, kunyerera kumuryango, kunyerera, gufunga, gufunga amapine, ibikombe byo gukingura urugi, gushyigikira ibice, kumanika imyenda, inkoni, amaguru, bolts, imigozi yimbaho, ibiti byimbaho. , imisumari izengurutse, n'ibindi.
1. Hinge
Hinges nuburyo nyamukuru buhuza ibice bibiri byimuka, cyane cyane bikoreshwa mugukingura no gufunga imiryango yinama y'abaminisitiri, bigabanijwemo impeta zerekanwe hamwe nimpeta zihishe.
1) Ming hinge
Hinges mubisanzwe ni impeta gusa, kandi iyo ushyizwemo, igice cya pin igice cya hinge kigaragara hejuru yibikoresho. Hinges irashobora gukoreshwa mumiryango yubatswe no gukinga inzugi.
2) Hinge ihishe
Hinge ihishe izunguruka ninkoni ihuza kandi ihishe imbere mubikoresho mugihe cyo kuyishyiraho nta kumeneka
2. Ibice bihuza
Umuhuza, uzwi kandi nk'umuhuza uhamye, agira ingaruka itaziguye kumiterere no gukomera kwibikoresho byo mu nzu. Ikoreshwa cyane cyane muguhuza imbaho zuruhande, imbaho zitambitse, hamwe nimbaho yinyuma yibikoresho byabaminisitiri kugirango bikosore ibikoresho. Inkoni ihuza irimo imiyoboro ya eccentricike hamwe nabahuza bahoraho.
1) Umuhuza wa Eccentric
Ukoresheje intera idasanzwe, ihuza isahani itambitse ku isahani yo ku ruhande, nk'ubutaka hamwe n'isahani yo ku ruhande, kandi isahani yo hasi irashobora gushyirwaho uhereye hejuru cyangwa ku ruhande.
2) Abahuza bahoraho
Igizwe n'ibice bibiri: umugozi n'intoki hamwe n'icyuma cy'isoko. Nyuma yo gukanda ihuza mukiganza, ikintu gihujwe burundu, kirangwa nihuza rikomeye.
3. Igishushanyo
Imiyoboro ya slide yerekana muri rusange ikozwe mu irangi ryo guteka cyangwa ibikoresho bya galvanis. Ukurikije uburyo butandukanye muburasirazuba bwubushinwa, birashobora kugabanywa muburyo bwa pulley cyangwa ubwoko bwumupira. Ukurikije intera iri hagati yikurura kugeza kuri guverenema, barashobora kugabanywa kumurongo umwe, gari ya moshi ebyiri, hamwe na gari ya moshi eshatu.
4. Bolt
Ubwoko bwihuta bugizwe numutwe na bolt (umubiri wa silindrike ufite imigozi yo hanze), bigomba guhuzwa numwenda kandi bigakoreshwa muguhuza no guhuza ibice bibiri hamwe nu mwobo. Ifishi yo guhuza yitwa bolt ihuza.
5. Umuzenguruko
Kimwe mu bikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa mu guteranya no guhuza ibikoresho byo mu nzu, bikozwe nk'inkoni izengurutse kandi muri rusange bikozwe mu giti. Mu gusenya no guteranya ibikoresho, tenoni yimbaho igira uruhare mu guhagarara, hamwe na diametre ikoreshwa cyane ya 6mm, 8mm, 10mm, na 12mm, n'uburebure bwa 20mm, 25mm, 30mm, 35mm, 40mm, na 50mm.
6. Abandi bahuza
Imiyoboro, imashini yikubita wenyine, utubuto, koza, koza amasoko, imbuto za silindrike, imitobe ibiri yimbavu, imikono, nibindi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-09-2024