Umwanda wo mu nyanja
Umwanda wo mu nyanja ni ikibazo gikomeye cyane ku isi ya none. Nkumutima wisi, inyanja ifata hafi 75% yubuso bwisi. Ariko ugereranije n'imyanda y'ubutaka, imyanda yo mu nyanja irirengagizwa byoroshye. Mu rwego rwo guhamagarira abantu kwita ku bidukikije ku isi, Umuryango mpuzamahanga wo kurengera ibidukikije muri Ositaraliya watangije ibikorwa mpuzamahanga by’imibereho - Umunsi w’isuku ku isi, uba mu mpera z’icyumweru cya gatatu Nzeri buri mwaka, ugamije guhangana n’ubutaka bw’isi butagenzurwa. muguhindura impinduka muburyo bwimyitwarire yumuntu. Ikibazo cy'imyanda n'imyanda yo mu nyanja
Witondere kwanduza microfiber
Mu myanda yo mu nyanja, umwanda wa pulasitike ugera kuri 85%, kandi ibyo bintu bya plastiki byangirika mo uduce duto n’umuhengeri n’izuba mu myaka yashize kandi bibaho mu nyanja igihe kirekire. Ikusanyirizo rya microfibre mu ruhererekane rw'ibiribwa riteza ikibazo gikomeye ku buzima bwose bwo mu nyanja, kandi ibyuka bihumanya bifitanye isano rya bugufi n'ubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi.
Microplastique mumaraso yabantu
Ubushakashatsi bwerekana microplastique mumaraso yabantu
Muri Werurwe, ubushakashatsi bwasohotse mu kinyamakuru Environment International bwerekanye ku nshuro ya mbere ko amaraso y'abantu arimo microplastique.
Abashakashatsi bo mu Buholandi bakoze ikizamini gishya cyo gushakisha uduce duto twa microplastique dushobora kwinjizwa mu bice byose bigize umubiri w'umuntu, maze basanga 17 kuri 22 bitangiye ubuzima bwiza bakuze, cyangwa 77%, bafite microplastique mu maraso yabo. Microplastique yakunze kugaragara muri izi ngero zamaraso ni polyethylene terephthalate (PET), ikoreshwa cyane mubudodo no mubiribwa n'ibinyobwa, ikurikirwa na polymeric styrene (PS), polyethylene (PE)) na methacrylate polymethyl (PMMA).
Abashakashatsi bo mu kigo cy’igihugu cy’Ubwongereza cyitwa Oceanography bahangayikishijwe n’uko uduce duto twa microplastique dufite ubunini bwerekanwe muri laboratoire kugira ngo dutere umuriro kandi twangirika mu ngirabuzimafatizo. Amaraso yamaze kurangira urunigi rwa microplastique. Aho gushakisha microplastique kurangiza no gutanga umuburo, nibyiza kubigenzura biturutse. Imwe muri microplastique ifitanye isano cyane nubuzima bwa buri munsi bwabantu ni microfibers ziva mumyenda.
Umwanda wa Microplastique
Microplastique igira ingaruka mbi kubantu na kamere muburyo bwose
Mu 2022, raporo y’imyambarire irambye yasanze imyenda irekura toni 200.000 kugeza 500.000 za fibre synthique ya fibre synthique mu bidukikije byo mu nyanja ku isi, bigatuma iba isoko nini y’umwanda wa plastike mu nyanja.
Ukurikije ibidukikije byo mu nyanja, hagaragaye ibibazo bitandukanye by’ibidukikije mu myaka yashize, harimo umwanda wa plastiki na microfibre, uburobyi bwo mu nyanja, kwangiza ibidukikije, n’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu mu nyanja. Muri ibyo bibazo, kwanduza microfibre ni kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye, kandi ibisubizo bitandukanye byubushakashatsi bikomeje kuvumbura no kwerekana ingaruka mbi za microfibre ku binyabuzima no ku bidukikije.
2.9% by'amafi y'amafi na mikorobe y'amazi yinjiza kandi ikagumana microplastique idashobora kwangirika na microfibers.
Hariho kandi ibice bigera kuri 29 kugeza 280 bya microplastique, cyane cyane microfibers, kuri metero kare yumukungugu wikirere numwuka kumunsi.
Ibice mirongo itatu na bitanu kwijana ryumwanda wa microplastique biva mu koza imyenda yubukorikori, hamwe no koza imyuka ihwanye no guta miliyari 50 za plastike mu nyanja buri mwaka.
Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye microplastique mu mwanda w’abantu no mu maraso, byerekana ko microplastique ishobora gutembera mu maraso, sisitemu ya lymphatike ndetse n’umwijima, kandi ubushakashatsi bushya bwerekanye ko microfibrile yegeranya mu bihaha by’abantu bazima.
Fibre ya sintetike nka polyester, nylon, acrylic nibindi bikoresho bikoreshwa mugukora ibicuruzwa bitandukanye byimyenda kubera ubworoherane bwiza, kwinjirira, hamwe no kurwanya amazi. Ariko mubyukuri, polyester, nylon, acrylic, nibindi nibintu byose bya plastiki bikozwe muri peteroli cyangwa gaze gasanzwe. Intangiriro yabyo ntaho itandukaniye numufuka wa pulasitike, amacupa y’ibinyobwa, nibindi, kandi byose ni umwanda udahumanya.
Microfiber & Microplastique Imyenda idahwitse ya biodegradable isobanura iki?
Umwanda udahumanya ibinyabuzima bivuga ibyuka bihumanya bidashobora guhinduka mubintu bitangiza ibidukikije nyuma yo kwangirika kwimiti, kwangirika kwifoto no kwangiza ibinyabuzima mubidukikije. Nukuvuga ko imyenda yuburyo bumwe bwo gushushanya, bikozwe mubikoresho karemano bishobora guhinduka buhoro buhoro bigahinduka igice cya kamere nyuma yo gusigara mu mfuruka imyaka itari mike, mugihe ibyakozwe mubikoresho byubukorikori bishobora kuba umukungugu gusa kandi bishobora gucika - birashobora guherekeza Wabaye muremure cyane, muremure kuburyo nubwo watandukanijwe, burigihe wasize ibimenyetso. Ibi ni ukubera ko nubwo fibre ya plastike ya sintetike idashobora kwangirika, nyuma yo guhura numuyaga nizuba cyangwa gukaraba kenshi no kuyisiga, fibre synthique izacika buhoro buhoro mo uduce duto kandi duto kugeza igihe itagaragara mumaso kandi ikegeranya kubushake hamwe no gutemba. amazi. Ihuhuta mu muyaga - kandi ihumanya ibidukikije igihe cyose.
Microscope ireba inguni
Umusatsi VS microfibers Byinshi muribi fibre synthique iroroshye cyane, bita microfibers. Microfiber iroroshye kuruta umugozi wa silike, hafi kimwe cya gatanu cya diametre yumusatsi wumuntu.
Turashobora kuvuga ko fibre synthique ari isoko ya microplastique nyinshi mubidukikije byiki gihe, ariko kuva mugukoresha gusa fibre naturel kugeza mubushakashatsi no guteza imbere fibre synthique, ni uguhuza ubwenge bwabantu niterambere ryikoranabuhanga. Umwanda wa Microfibre ntabwo uteganijwe kandi uteganijwe. Aho kwanga burundu fibre synthique, nibyiza gushakisha uburyo bwo kugenzura siyanse no gushyira mu gaciro kugenzura isuka no gusohora microfibers.
HOHENSTEIN Isesengura ryinshi rya Microfibers
Intambwe yambere mugukemura ikibazo cya microfibre nukuzamura imyumvire.
Nkumuguzi, urashobora gutangira wunvise microfibers hanyuma ugafata ingamba zo gukumira; nkumushinga wimyenda, ugomba guhora utezimbere tekinoroji yumusaruro kugirango ugabanye kubyara microfibers. Umwanda wa Microfibre urimo gukurura amahanga ku mubare wimyenda yubukorikori ikorwa n’abacuruzi benshi n’ibirango, kandi Hohenstein yifuza gufatanya nawe kuyobora inzira muri iri terambere rirambye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-21-2022