Ushaka kumenya igihugu gifite ibicuruzwa byiza? Ushaka kumenya igihugu gikenewe cyane? Uyu munsi, nzareba ku masoko icumi y’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga ashobora kuba ku isi, nizeye ko azatanga ibisobanuro ku bikorwa by’ubucuruzi by’amahanga.
Top1: Chili
Chili iri mu rwego rwo hagati rw’iterambere kandi biteganijwe ko izaba igihugu cya mbere cyateye imbere muri Amerika yepfo muri 2019. Ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y'agaciro, amashyamba, uburobyi n’ubuhinzi bukungahaye ku mutungo kandi ni inkingi enye z’ubukungu bw’igihugu. Ubukungu bwa Chili bushingiye cyane ku bucuruzi bwo hanze. Ibyoherezwa mu mahanga byose hamwe bigera kuri 30% bya GDP. Shyira mu bikorwa politiki y’ubucuruzi ku buntu hamwe n’igipimo gito cy’ibiciro (impuzandengo y’ibiciro kuva 2003 ni 6%). Kugeza ubu, ifitanye umubano w’ubucuruzi n’ibihugu n’uturere birenga 170 ku isi.
Top2: Kolombiya
Kolombiya irigaragaza nk'ahantu heza ho gushora imari. Umutekano wiyongereye wagabanije gushimuta 90 ku ijana n’ubwicanyi ku kigero cya 46 ku ijana mu myaka icumi ishize, bituma umusaruro w’umutungo rusange w’umuturage wikuba kabiri kuva mu 2002. Ibigo uko ari bitatu by’ibipimo byazamuye umwenda wigenga wa Kolombiya kugeza ku rwego rw’ishoramari muri uyu mwaka.
Kolombiya ikungahaye kuri peteroli, amakara na gaze gasanzwe. Ishoramari ry’amahanga mu mwaka wa 2010 ryageze kuri miliyari 6.8 z'amadolari y'Amerika, Amerika ni umufatanyabikorwa wacyo nyamukuru.
Imicungire y’umutungo wa HSBC iratotezwa kuri Bancolombia SA, banki nini yigenga mu gihugu. Banki yatanze inyungu ku nyungu zirenga 19% muri buri myaka umunani ishize.
Top3: Indoneziya
Iki gihugu gifite umubare wa kane mu baturage benshi ku isi, cyahuye n’ihungabana ry’imari ku isi kurusha benshi, bitewe n’isoko rinini ry’abaguzi mu gihugu. Nyuma yo kwiyongera kuri 4.5% muri 2009, iterambere ryongeye kwiyongera kugera kuri 6% umwaka ushize kandi biteganijwe ko rizaguma kuri urwo rwego mu myaka iri imbere. Umwaka ushize, igipimo cy’imyenda yigenga mu gihugu cyazamuwe kugeza munsi y’urwego rw’ishoramari.
N’ubwo Indoneziya ikoresha amafaranga make mu bakozi mu karere ka Aziya-Pasifika ndetse n’ubushake bwa guverinoma bwo guhindura iki gihugu ihuriro ry’inganda, ruswa iracyari ikibazo.
Bamwe mu bayobozi b'ikigega basanga ari byiza gushora imari mu masoko yaho binyuze mu mashami yaho y'ibigo mpuzamahanga. Andy Brown, umuyobozi ushinzwe ishoramari muri Aberdeen Asset Management mu Bwongereza, afite imigabane muri PTA straInternational, uruganda rukora amamodoka ruyobowe na Jardine Matheson Group wo muri Hong Kong.
Top4: Vietnam
Mu myaka 20, Vietnam yabaye imwe mu bukungu bwihuta cyane ku isi. Banki y'isi ivuga ko umuvuduko w’ubukungu bwa Vietnam uzagera kuri 6% muri uyu mwaka na 7.2% muri 2013. Kubera ko yegereye Ubushinwa, abasesenguzi bamwe bemeza ko Vietnam ishobora kuba ihuriro rishya ry’inganda.
Brown yavuze ko ariko Vietnam, igihugu cy’abasosiyalisiti, itabaye umunyamuryango w’umuryango w’ubucuruzi ku isi kugeza mu 2007. Mu byukuri, gushora imari muri Vietnam biracyari inzira itoroshye.
Mu maso y'abasinike, kuba Vietnam yarashyizwe mu Bwami butandatu bwa Civet nta kindi byari nko gutobora hamwe mu magambo ahinnye. Ikigega cya HSBC gifite intego yo kugabana umutungo wa 1.5% gusa mugihugu.
Top5: Misiri
Ibikorwa bya revolution byahagaritse iterambere ryubukungu bwa Misiri. Banki y'isi iteganya ko Misiri iziyongera 1 ku ijana gusa muri uyu mwaka, ugereranije na 5.2 ku ijana umwaka ushize. Abasesenguzi bateganya ko ubukungu bwa Misiri buzakomeza kuzamuka mu gihe politiki imaze guhagarara.
Igihugu cya Egiputa gifite imitungo myinshi ifite agaciro, harimo n’iterambere ryihuta cyane ku nkombe za Mediterane n’inyanja Itukura ihujwe n’umuyoboro wa Suez, hamwe n’umutungo kamere wa gazi udakoreshwa.
Igihugu cya Egiputa gituwe na miliyoni 82 kandi gifite imyaka mike cyane, gifite impuzandengo yimyaka 25. Banki nkuru yigihugu ya Societe Generale (NSGB), ishami rya Societe Generale SA, ihagaze neza kugirango yungukire mu gihugu cya Misiri kidakoreshwa cyane mu gihugu , Ubuyobozi bw'umutungo wa Aberdeen bwatangaje.
Top6: Turukiya
Turukiya ihana imbibi n’Uburayi ibumoso n’ibicuruzwa bitanga ingufu mu burasirazuba bwo hagati, inyanja ya Kaspiya n’Uburusiya iburyo. Turukiya ifite imiyoboro minini minini kandi ni umuyoboro w'ingufu uhuza Uburayi na Aziya yo hagati.
Phil Poole wo mu micungire y’umutungo wa HSBC yavuze ko Turukiya ari ubukungu bwifitanye isano n’ubucuruzi n’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi bidafite aho bihurira n’akarere ka euro cyangwa abanyamuryango ba EU.
Banki y'isi ivuga ko uyu mwaka umuvuduko wa Turukiya uzagera kuri 6.1%, kandi uzasubira kuri 5.3% muri 2013.
Poole ibona ikigo cyindege cyigihugu Turk Hava Yollari nkigishoro cyiza, mugihe Brown ashyigikiye abadandaza bakura vuba BIM Birlesik Magazalar AS na Anadolu Group, ifite uruganda rwinzoga Efes Beer Group.
Top7: Afurika y'Epfo
Nubukungu butandukanye bufite umutungo ukungahaye nka zahabu na platine. Kuzamuka kw'ibiciro by'ibicuruzwa, kuzamuka kw'ibikenerwa n'inganda z’imodoka n’imiti n’amafaranga yakoreshejwe mu gikombe cy’isi byafashije ubukungu bw’Afurika yepfo gusubira mu iterambere nyuma y’ubukungu bwifashe nabi ku isi.
Top8: Burezili
Umusaruro rusange wa Berezile uri ku mwanya wa mbere muri Amerika y'Epfo. Usibye ubukungu gakondo bw’ubuhinzi, inganda n’umusaruro nazo ziratera imbere. Ifite inyungu karemano mubikoresho fatizo. Burezili ifite ibyuma n'umuringa muremure ku isi.
Byongeye kandi, ububiko bwa nikel-manganese bauxite nabwo buriyongera. Byongeye kandi, inganda zigenda zigaragara nk'itumanaho n’imari nazo ziriyongera. Cardoso wahoze ayobora ishyaka ry’abakozi ba Perezida wa Berezile, yashyizeho ingamba z’iterambere ry’ubukungu anashyiraho urufatiro rwo kuzamura ubukungu nyuma. Iyi politiki yo kuvugurura nyuma Yakozwe na Perezida Lula uriho. Ibyingenzi byingenzi ni ugushiraho uburyo bwivunjisha bworoshye, kuvugurura ubuvuzi na pansiyo, no kunoza imikorere ya leta. Ariko, bamwe banegura bemeza ko gutsinda cyangwa gutsindwa nabyo ari gutsindwa. Ubukungu bwifashe nabi ku butaka burumbuka bwa Amerika yepfo, aho ubutegetsi bwa leta bushingiye, burambye? Ingaruka ziterwa n'amahirwe nazo ni nini, bityo abashoramari b'igihe kirekire bashingiye ku isoko rya Berezile bakeneye imitsi ikomeye no kwihangana bihagije.
Top9: Ubuhinde
Ubuhinde ni demokarasi ituwe cyane ku isi. Ibigo byinshi bigurishwa kumugaragaro nabyo byatumye isoko ryimigabane rinini kuruta mbere hose. Ubukungu bwu Buhinde bwazamutse gahoro gahoro ku kigereranyo cya 6% mu myaka mike ishize. Inyuma yubukungu imbere ni imbaraga zakazi keza. Dukurikije imibare ibanza, amasosiyete y’iburengerazuba agenda arushaho gukurura abanyeshuri barangije kaminuza zo mu Buhinde. Kimwe cya kane cy’amasosiyete akomeye muri Amerika akoresha ibicuruzwa byatejwe imbere mu Buhinde. software. Uruganda rukora imiti mu Buhinde, narwo rufite umwanya ukomeye ku isoko ry’isi, aho hakorerwa imiti, rwatumye amafaranga y’umuntu ku giti cye yinjira mu kirere ku buryo bwiyongera ku mibare ibiri. Muri icyo gihe, umuryango w’Abahinde wavutse itsinda ry’abantu bo hagati bitondera kwishimira no gushaka kurya. Ibindi bikorwa remezo binini nkibirometero birebire byumuhanda hamwe numuyoboro mugari. Ubucuruzi bwohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga butera imbere kandi butanga imbaraga zikomeye zo gukurikirana iterambere ry’ubukungu. Birumvikana ko ubukungu bwu Buhinde nabwo bufite intege nke zidashobora kwirengagizwa, nkibikorwa remezo bidahagije, igihombo kinini cy’imari, no guterwa cyane n’ingufu n’ibikoresho fatizo. Impinduka mu myitwarire mbonezamubano n’indangagaciro muri politiki hamwe n’imivurungano muri Kashmir byose bishobora guteza imvururu mu bukungu.
Top 10: Uburusiya
Ubukungu bw’Uburusiya bwarokotse ikibazo cy’amafaranga mu myaka yashize, ni nka phoenix iva mu ivu ku isi ya vuba. Kuba Perezida w’Uburusiya, Dmitry Medvedev yageze ku Kibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Sanya Phoenix, byagaragaye ko ari amanota y’ishoramari n’ikigo kizwi cyane cy’ubushakashatsi ku mpapuro - Standard & Poor's ku rutonde rw’inguzanyo. Gukoresha no kubyaza umusaruro ayo maraso yombi yinganda bigenzura kimwe cya gatanu cyumusaruro wigihugu muri iki gihe. Byongeye kandi, Uburusiya nicyo kinini mu gukora palladium, platine na titanium. Kimwe n'ibibera muri Berezile, ikibazo gikomeye ku bukungu bw'Uburusiya nacyo cyihishe muri politiki. N’ubwo ubukungu rusange bw’igihugu bwiyongereye ku buryo bugaragara ndetse n’amafaranga yinjira mu gihugu nayo yiyongereye ku buryo bugaragara, uburyo abayobozi ba leta bakemuye ikibazo cy’isosiyete ikora peteroli ya Yukes bugaragaza ko demokarasi ituruka kuri yo yabaye uburozi bw’ishoramari rirambye, bikaba bihwanye ku nkota itagaragara ya Damocles. N'ubwo Uburusiya ari bunini kandi bukungahaye ku mbaraga, niba habuze ivugurura ry'inzego zikenewe kugira ngo ruswa ikorwe neza, guverinoma ntizashobora kwicara ngo iruhuke imbere y'ejo hazaza. Niba Uburusiya butanyuzwe mugihe kirekire kuba sitasiyo ya lisansi yubukungu bwisi, igomba kwiyemeza inzira igezweho kugirango umusaruro wiyongere. Abashoramari bagomba kwita cyane cyane kuri politiki yubukungu iriho, ikindi kintu cyingenzi kigira ingaruka kumasoko yimari yuburusiya hiyongereyeho ibiciro fatizo.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-17-2022