Nigute wakora ubucuruzi nabakiriya baturutse mubihugu bitandukanye

Nigute ushobora gukora ubucuruzi nabakiriya baturutse mubihugu bitandukanye?

• Urucacagu:

• I. Isesengura ryimyitwarire yabaguzi mpuzamahanga

• II. Ingeso yo kugura abaguzi mpuzamahanga

• Icya gatatu, isesengura rirambuye ryibihugu muri buri karere:

• Incamake y'isoko • Ibiranga imiterere • Ikinyabupfura • Umuco w'ibiribwa •

• I. Isesengura ryimyitwarire yabaguzi mpuzamahanga

• Ibintu 10 byingenzi abaguzi baha agaciro cyane muguhitamo abaguzi:

• Nk’ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’ibigo bimwe by’ubushakashatsi bizwi, abaguzi bazita cyane ku bintu icumi bikurikira mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga:

• 1. Ubwiza bwibicuruzwa 2. Ubushobozi bwo gutanga • 3. Turashobora kuvugana neza

4. Igiciro & igiciro: igiciro cyo kugabanya igiciro intera FOB, CRF, CIF

5. Niba wakwemera ibicuruzwa bito, MOQ;

6.Izina ry'abatanga isoko

7. Ubushobozi bwo gushushanya: ODM OEM

8. Gupakira ibicuruzwa

9. Icyiciro cyibicuruzwa

10. Ingano yisosiyete

• II. Ingeso yo kugura abaguzi mpuzamahanga

• Uburayi •

1. Igiciro ninyungu ni byinshi cyane - ariko ingano yubuguzi ishingiye kuburyo butandukanye nuburyo buto;

2. Ntabwo twita kuburemere bwibicuruzwa, ariko twita cyane kumiterere, imiterere, igishushanyo, ubwiza nibikoresho byibicuruzwa, twibanda kubidukikije.

3. Bitatanye cyane, ibirango byihariye.

4. Turitondera cyane ubushobozi bwa R&D bwuruganda, kandi dufite ibisabwa byinshi muburyo. Mubisanzwe, dufite abadushushanya;

5. Kugira uburambe bwibisabwa;

6. Ubudahemuka bukabije

7. Uburyo busanzwe bwo kwishyura L / C iminsi 30 cyangwa T / T.

8. Hamwe na kwota

9. Witondere igishushanyo, R&D nubushobozi bwo gukora uruganda aho kugenzura uruganda; • 10. Benshi muribo ni OEM / ODM

• Amerika y'Amajyaruguru • Amerika •

1. Igicuruzwa cyinshi nigice kinini. Mubisanzwe, ingano yo kugura ni nini, kandi igiciro gikenewe kigomba guhatanwa cyane.

2. Ubudahemuka ntabwo buri hejuru: Abanyamerika ni abantu bashyira mu gaciro. Igihe cyose babonye ikintu gihenze kukurusha, bazafatanya nindi sosiyete.

3. Benshi muribo ni amaduka yishami (Wal Mart, JC, nibindi)

4. Hong Kong, Ubushinwa bufite ibiro bishinzwe gutanga amasoko

5. Ibisabwa bya Quota

6. Witondere kugenzura uruganda nuburenganzira bwa muntu (niba uruganda rukoresha imirimo mibi ikoreshwa abana, nibindi)

7. Ubwishyu busanzwe bukorwa ninzandiko yinguzanyo (L / C) muminsi 60;

8. Witondere byose kuri byose. Mugihe usubiramo, tanga ibisubizo byuzuye kandi utekereze byose. Kuberako Abanyamerika bakunda kwishora muri "pack pack" hamwe nuburinganire muri gahunda yumushyikirano.

9. Witondere gupakira;

10. Igihe cyo kugurisha ni Noheri.

• Kanada •

1. Nkigihugu gishingiye ku bucuruzi, Kanada ifite imibereho yo hejuru kuri buri muntu, kandi ifite ibyifuzo byinshi byubwoko bwibicuruzwa.

2. Hano harakenewe cyane ibicuruzwa byimbeho. Imyenda yo mu itumba, nk'ikoti ryo hasi, imyenda ya ski n'ibikoresho bijyanye na siporo ya shelegi na shelegi, nka ice skate hamwe na rubura, bifite isoko ryiza muri Kanada.

3. Mu ci, Abanyakanada bakunda ingando, imisozi, koga, gusiganwa ku magare, kuroba, no guhinga. Kubwibyo, amahema, inkweto za siporo, ubwato, ubwato, ubwato, gutwara amagare, ibikoresho bitandukanye byo kuroba, ibikoresho byo guhinga, nibindi bifite isoko muri Kanada.

4. Icyemezo

5. Ibikoresho bya mashini n amashanyarazi

6. Kurikiza amasezerano

• Amerika y'Epfo (Burezili, Arijantine, Chili, Uruguay, Kolombiya, n'ibindi) •

1. Ubwinshi, igiciro gito, igiciro gito, nta cyangombwa gisabwa.

2. Nta bisabwa bisabwa, ariko hariho ibiciro biri hejuru; Mubisanzwe, babanza kuva muri Amerika hanyuma bagasubira mubushinwa.

3. Ibisabwa kubabikora birasa nibya Amerika

4. Imiterere ya politiki ntigihungabana kandi politiki yimari yimbere mu gihugu irahungabana.

5. Ibiranga abaguzi: kunangira, kudakora, kwikunda, amarangamutima, kwizerwa no kumva inshingano; Kutagira ubumenyi mpuzamahanga mu bucuruzi;

6. Kurwanya ingamba: witondere ingamba za “localisation”, n'uruhare rw'Urugaga rw'Ubucuruzi n'ibiro bishinzwe ubuvugizi mu bucuruzi.

7. Iyo abacuruzi bo muri Amerika yepfo bakoresha L / C mubucuruzi, bagomba kwitonda cyane no kugenzura inguzanyo za banki zabo mbere. Kwemeza

Mexico •

1.

2. Itondekanya ingano: ingano yatumijwe ni nto. Mubisanzwe, birasabwa gutumiza ukurikije icyitegererezo.

3. Icyitonderwa: Igihe cyo kubyara ntigikwiye kuba kirekire. Mexico iteganya ko kwinjiza ibicuruzwa byose bya elegitoroniki bigomba gusaba Minisiteri y’inganda n’ubucuruzi muri Mexico kugira ngo yemeze icyemezo cy’ubuziranenge (NOM) hakiri kare, ni ukuvuga ko gishobora gutumizwa mu mahanga gusa iyo cyujuje ubuziranenge bwa Amerika UL. FCC

Icyitonderwa: Amabanki abiri gusa muri Mexico arashobora gufungura amabaruwa yinguzanyo, andi ntashobora; Gisha inama umukiriya gusaba umuguzi kwishyura amafaranga (TT)

• Uburayi bw'Iburasirazuba • Uburusiya •

1. Igihe cyose amasezerano yasinywe, T / T itumanaho rya terefegitiki irasanzwe cyane, kandi gutanga bisabwa mugihe, kandi L / C ntibisanzwe.

2. Nkunda ibicuruzwa birebire kandi byoroshye.

3. Mao Zi asubiza buhoro. Tugomba kubimenyera.

• Ukraine, Polonye, ​​n'ibindi •

Ibisabwa ku ruganda ntabwo biri hejuru, ingano yo kugura ntabwo ari nini, kandi inshuro zitumizwa ntabwo ari nyinshi.

Isoko ryiburayi ryiburasirazuba rifite imiterere yaryo. Urwego rwibicuruzwa bisabwa ntabwo ruri hejuru.

• Türkiye •

1. Niba ibicuruzwa bya Hong Kong byinjijwe mu gihugu, hishyurwa umusoro wa 6.3% kugeza 13%.

2. Kumva neza ibiciro

3

4. Ishishikajwe na videwo, youtube

• Uburasirazuba bwo Hagati •

1. Ingeso zubucuruzi: ibikorwa bitaziguye binyuze mubakozi, mugihe ibikorwa bitaziguye bititaye. Ibicuruzwa bisabwa ntabwo biri hejuru.

2. Witondere cyane ibara kandi uhitemo ibintu byijimye. Ariko inyungu ni nto kandi ingano ni nto, ariko gahunda irakosowe.

3. Witondere byumwihariko umukozi kugirango wirinde kotsa igitutu kurundi ruhande muburyo bwinshi.

4. Hagomba kwitabwaho cyane ihame ryo kubahiriza amasezerano. Amasezerano namasezerano bimaze gusinywa, bazakora inshingano zabo.

5. Umuvuduko wibiganiro watinze. Impande zombi zari zarasinyanye amasezerano. Nyuma yaho, ibintu byarahindutse. Niba abacuruzi b'Abarabu bashaka gusesa amasezerano, bari kuvuga neza ko ari "ubushake bw'Imana". Mugihe ibintu bitameze neza kurundi ruhande mumishyikirano, bazaceceka bavuga bati: "Reka twongere tuvugane ejo", hanyuma bategereze ejo kugirango batangire bundi bushya. Iyo abacuruzi b'abanyamahanga bahangayikishijwe n'ibikorwa byavuzwe haruguru cyangwa ibindi bintu bidashimishije by'Abarabu, bazakubita abacuruzi b'abanyamahanga ku rutugu bavuga bati: "Ntutinye".

6. Impaka

7. Abacuruzi bo mu burasirazuba bwo hagati ntibamenyereye urwandiko rw'inguzanyo, kandi abafite amafaranga make bahitamo T / T yahoze; Ku mubare munini w'amafaranga, kubitsa hamwe na T / T.

8. Uburasirazuba bwo hagati n’akarere ka kabiri mu bucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi ku isi nyuma ya Afurika y’iburengerazuba. Abashora ibicuruzwa hanze bagomba guhanga amaso, bakurikiza byimazeyo amategeko yubucuruzi kandi bagakoresha uburyo bwubucuruzi bubagirira akamaro.

• Aziya (Ubuyapani, Koreya y'Epfo) •

1. Igiciro nacyo kiri hejuru, kandi ingano ni mike;

2. Muri rusange ibisabwa byujuje ubuziranenge (ubuziranenge bwo hejuru, ibisobanuro birambuye)

3. Ibisabwa ni byinshi cyane, igenzura rirakomeye, kandi ubudahemuka ni bwinshi. Mubisanzwe, ntibakunze guhindura uruganda.

4. Umuguzi azashinga ishyirahamwe ryubucuruzi ryabayapani cyangwa umuryango wa Hong Kong kuvugana nuwabikoze;

5. Ingeso yo gucuruza: umwuka witsinda ryiza, kwitegura bihagije, gutegura neza, no kwibanda ku nyungu zigihe kirekire.

Rimwe na rimwe, imyifatire idasobanutse kandi ikagira amakenga, kandi uburyo bwa "tactique y'amagare" na "guceceka kumena urubura" bukoreshwa mubiganiro.

“Gutsindira byinshi hamwe na bike” ni akamenyero ko kuganira n'abacuruzi b'Abayapani; Ntukunde guhahirana kumasezerano. "Gutinda amayeri" ni "amayeri" akoreshwa n'abacuruzi b'Abayapani.

Koreya •

1.Abanyakoreya bafite ikinyabupfura, bafite imishyikirano, bisobanutse kandi byumvikana.

2.Abanyakoreya bariyubaha kandi bumva

3. Hamwe nabanyakoreya, kubitsa birahagije, kandi kohereza ntibishobora gukorwa mubice. Ubwishyu bwuzuye bukusanywa mbere yo kwinjira mububiko, kandi abakiriya ba kera nabo bagomba kwitonda.

4. Ubudahemuka ni bwinshi, imirimo y'abakozi mu masosiyete yo muri Koreya ni nini, kandi igiciro cyamasezerano akenshi ntigihinduka mumyaka myinshi.

5. Bahitamo ahanini ingamba zerekana ko igiciro cyo gukuraho ubuziranenge kiri munsi y’Uburayi, Amerika n'Ubuyapani. Turashaka ko igiciro kiboneka cyaba gito.

Ubuhinde •