Kuva mu ntangiriro za Werurwe uyu mwaka, habaye amakimbirane akaze mu bihugu by’Uburayi bw’iburasirazuba, kandi ibigo by’imbere mu gihugu byahuye n’impinduka mpuzamahanga zitigeze zibaho ndetse n’ingaruka ziterwa n’ibyorezo by’indwara. Impinduka nyinshi zabaye murwego rwo gutanga no gukenera, kandi amasosiyete amwe n'amwe yo mu gihugu yagize ibyago byinshi nigihombo mubucuruzi bwabo mubihugu byuburayi bwiburasirazuba. Hamwe n’ikwirakwizwa ry’icyorezo gishya cy’ikamba ahantu hatandukanye, abakozi benshi b’ibigo ntibashobora gukora ivunjisha risanzwe ry’imbere mu gihugu ndetse n’amahanga, ibikoresho mpuzamahanga ndetse no gutanga ibicuruzwa byihuse hamwe n’ibindi bikorwa by’ubucuruzi biragenda byiyongera no gutinda mu bwikorezi, kandi abacuruzi bo mu mahanga ntibashobora gukora akazi. nko kugenzura inganda, ubugenzuzi, nicyitegererezo, nibindi, ibigo byahuye nimbogamizi ninshi ningorane mugutezimbere isoko mpuzamahanga.
Mugihe ibintu mpuzamahanga byazanywe n’amakimbirane y’Uburusiya na Ukraine bigenda birushaho kuba ingorabahizi, hashobora no kubaho amahirwe y’ubucuruzi ku masosiyete yo mu gihugu.
1. Impinduka mubihe mpuzamahanga byo gutanga amasoko
1. Kuva amakimbirane hagati y’ibihugu by’Uburayi bw’iburasirazuba, bamwe mu bakiriya ba Aziya yo Hagati n’Abanyaburayi baguze ibicuruzwa mu Burusiya, Ukraine ndetse n'ahandi batangiye kwerekeza mu Bushinwa no mu bindi bihugu kugira ngo babone isoko y'ibicuruzwa. Kurugero, Abanyaburayi nabandi bakiriya baguze ifumbire hamwe na chassis yimodoka muburusiya ubu batangiye gushakisha abatanga Ubushinwa.
2. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, kubera ko Uburusiya, Biyelorusiya n'ibindi bihugu bihanishwa ibihano by’imari, ikoranabuhanga n’ubucuruzi by’ibihugu by’iburengerazuba, imiyoboro imwe n'imwe yo gutanga ibicuruzwa mu Burusiya, Biyelorusiya no mu bindi bihugu yarahagaritswe, kandi hakenewe byihutirwa amasoko mashya, kandi ibyo bizakenerwa bizahabwa imishinga yo murugo. Zana amahirwe mashya yubucuruzi. Kurugero, umubare munini wimodoka muburusiya ni BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Volkswagen, Peugeot, nibindi bikozwe muburayi, kandi itangwa ryibikoresho byizo modoka kuri ubu riragira ingaruka.
3. Uburusiya bw’ubucuruzi bw’ububanyi n’amahanga mu 2020 bwari miliyari 571.9 z’amadolari y’Amerika, bukamanuka 15.2% ugereranyije na 2019, muri bwo agaciro kayo koherezwa mu mahanga kakaba miliyari 338.2 z’amadolari y’Amerika, kakamanuka 20.7% umwaka ushize; ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga byari miliyari 233.7 z'amadolari y'Amerika, bikamanuka 5.7% umwaka ushize. Ibikoresho bya mashini n’amashanyarazi, ibikomoka ku miti, ibikoresho byo gutwara abantu n’ubundi bwoko butatu bw’ibicuruzwa n’ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga mu Burusiya, bingana na 56% by’Uburusiya bitumizwa mu mahanga. Ubudage, Amerika, Polonye, n'Ubuyapani nibyo bihugu nyamukuru byohereza ibicuruzwa mu Burusiya. By'umwihariko, amasosiyete yo mu Budage niyo ahatanira amasosiyete akomeye yo mu Bushinwa mu kohereza ibikoresho bya mashini n’amashanyarazi, ibicuruzwa by’inganda zoroheje, plastiki na reberi, amasaha ya optique n’ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi mu Burusiya.
Nyuma y’amakimbirane y’Uburusiya na Ukraine, hamwe n’ibihano byafatiwe Uburusiya n’ibihugu by’iburengerazuba, amasosiyete menshi y’iburengerazuba yavuye mu Burusiya. Kugeza ubu, Ubuhinde, Turukiya, Vietnam ndetse n’ibindi bihugu birimo kwitegura no kwihutisha gufata ibyemezo by’iburengerazuba biva ku isoko ry’Uburusiya. umwanya.
4. Ibicuruzwa byingenzi Uburusiya butumiza mu bindi bihugu ni ibikoresho bya mashini n’amashanyarazi. Mu mwaka wa 2018, Uburusiya bwatumije mu mahanga ibicuruzwa by’amashanyarazi n’amashanyarazi bingana na miliyari 73.42 z’amadolari y’Amerika, muri byo ibicuruzwa by’amashanyarazi n’amashanyarazi byatumijwe mu Bushinwa byari miliyari 26.45 z’amadolari y’Amerika, bingana na 50.7% by’Uburusiya byatumizaga mu Bushinwa, bingana n’Uburusiya butumiza mu bikoresho bya mashini n’amashanyarazi; . 36% byuzuye, bityo umugabane wisoko urashobora guhanurwa, ibicuruzwa byumukanishi n’amashanyarazi mu gihugu cyanjye byohereza ku isoko ry’Uburusiya biracyafite umwanya munini wo kuzamuka.
2021-2022 Uburusiya butumiza mu mahanga amakuru yisesengura ryibikoresho bya elegitoroniki
Kuva muri Mutarama 2021 kugeza Mutarama 2022, mu mwaka ushize, hakurikijwe code ya 84, Uburusiya bwatumije ibicuruzwa bifitanye isano n'ibihugu 148 n'uturere. Muri byo, Ubushinwa nicyo gihugu kinini cy’Uburusiya gikomoka mu mahanga.
Mu 2021, Ubushinwa bwohereza ibicuruzwa mu mashini n’amashanyarazi mu Burusiya bizaba miliyari 268.45, byiyongereyeho 32.5%, bingana na 61.5% by’agaciro k’ibyoherezwa mu Bushinwa mu Burusiya muri uwo mwaka, byiyongereyeho 3,6% ugereranije n’umwaka ushize. . Muri byo, kohereza mu mahanga imashini n’ibikoresho rusange, ibice by’imodoka n’imodoka byazamutse vuba, byiyongera kuri 82%, 37.8% na 165%.
5. Ibicuruzwa bikurikiraho bitumizwa mu Burusiya ni ibikomoka ku miti. Muri 2018, Uburusiya bwatumije miliyari 29.81 z'amadolari y'ibicuruzwa by'imiti.
2021-2022 Uburusiya Ibicuruzwa Byimiti Bitumiza Isesengura ryamakuru
Kuva mu 2021.1 kugeza 2022.1, mu mwaka ushize, hakurikijwe kode 29, Uburusiya bwatumije ibicuruzwa bifitanye isano n'ibihugu 89 n'uturere. Muri byo, Ubushinwa nicyo gihugu kinini cy’Uburusiya gikomoka mu mahanga
6. Ibicuruzwa bya gatatu bitumizwa mu Burusiya ni ibikoresho byo gutwara abantu. Muri 2018, Uburusiya bwatumije mu mahanga ibikoresho byo gutwara abantu bigera kuri miliyari 25.63 z'amadolari y'Amerika. Mu Burusiya ibikoresho byo gutwara abantu bitumizwa mu mahanga, ibicuruzwa biva mu Bushinwa bingana na 8,6%, bikaba byari hejuru y’Ubuyapani n’Ubudage ku manota 7.8 na 6.6%.
2021-2022 Uburusiya Ibikoresho byo Gutwara Ibicuruzwa Bitumiza mu mahanga
Kuva muri Mutarama 2021 kugeza Mutarama 2022, mu mwaka ushize, hakurikijwe code ya 89, Uburusiya bwatumije ibicuruzwa bifitanye isano n'ibihugu 148 n'uturere. Muri byo, Noruveje nicyo gihugu kinini cy’Uburusiya gitumiza mu mahanga.
7. Byongeye kandi, mu 2021, Uburusiya butumiza mu mahanga ubutare n’ibicuruzwa fatizo, imyenda n’ibikoresho fatizo, ibikoresho, ibikinisho, ibicuruzwa bitandukanye, plastiki, reberi, inkweto, umutaka n’ibindi bicuruzwa byoroheje by’inganda, amasaha ya optique n’ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi n’ibindi bicuruzwa bikomeye; bitumizwa mu Bushinwa na byo bizatwara imigabane y'ingenzi ku isoko, bingana na 23.8%, 34.7%, 47.9%, 17.2%, 53.9% na 17.3% by'Uburusiya butumiza mu mahanga ibicuruzwa bisa. Mu 2021, Ubushinwa bwohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga cyane cyane nk'imyenda, inkweto n'ibikoresho byo mu rugo mu Burusiya bizagera kuri miliyari 85.77, byiyongereyeho 2,5%, bingana na 19.7% by'Ubushinwa bwohereza mu mahanga.
2020-2021 Ubushinwa Imyenda y'abana yohereza hanze Isesengura ryamakuru
Kuva mu Kwakira 2020 kugeza Ukwakira 2021, mu mwaka ushize, hakurikijwe kode ya 6111, ibihugu 10 bya mbere ku rutonde rwohereza mu mahanga imyenda y'abana ni: Amerika, Ubuyapani, Ositaraliya, Ubufaransa, Ubwongereza, Kanada, Ubutaliyani, Ubudage, Leta zunze ubumwe z'Abarabu, Hong Kong, Ubushinwa, n'ibindi. Kohereza mu mahanga imyenda y'abana bifite ibicuruzwa 6.573 byoherejwe mu bihugu 178 n'uturere ku isi.
2020-2021 Abashoramari 10 bambere binjira mu Burusiya
Kuva mu Kwakira 2020 kugeza Ukwakira 2021, amasosiyete 389 yose yo mu Burusiya yagize uruhare mu kwinjiza imyenda y'abana (HS6111). Imbonerahamwe yavuzwe haruguru ni urutonde rwabatumiza TOP 10. Amafaranga yatumijwe mu mahanga agera kuri 670.000 by'amadolari y'Amerika. (Amakuru yavuzwe haruguru namakuru gusa yo kumenyekanisha gasutamo).
2020-2021 Ubushinwa inkweto zohereza ibicuruzwa hanze
2020-2021 Isesengura ry’ibihugu 10 byoherezwa mu mahanga Kuva muri 2020.10-2021.10, mu mwaka ushize, munsi ya code 64, ibihugu 10 byambere byohereza ibicuruzwa by’inkweto ni: Amerika, Ubuyapani, Koreya yepfo, Ositaraliya, Ubufaransa, Ubwongereza, Kanada, Ubudage, Vietnam, Hong Kong, Ubushinwa, nibindi
2020-2021 Top 10 yUburusiya butumiza ibicuruzwa byinkweto
Kuva mu Kwakira 2020 kugeza Ukwakira 2021, amasosiyete 2000 yose yo mu Burusiya yagize uruhare mu kwinjiza inkweto (HS64). Imbonerahamwe yavuzwe haruguru ni urutonde rwabatumiza TOP 10. TOP 1 ni ООО МЕРКУРИ МОДА, agaciro kinjiza ni hafi miliyari 4, naho TOP 10 ni TEMA ООО ГЕОКС РУС, ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga bigera kuri miliyoni 407. (Amakuru yavuzwe haruguru namakuru gusa yo kumenyekanisha gasutamo).
2020-2021 Ubushinwa Ibice byimodoka byohereza hanze Isesengura ryamakuru
Kuva mu Kwakira 2020 kugeza Ukwakira 2021, mu mwaka ushize, hakurikijwe code ya 8708, ibicuruzwa 114.864 byoherejwe mu bihugu n'uturere 217 ku isi.
Ibihugu 10 bya mbere ku rutonde rwohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga ni: Amerika, Ubuyapani, Ositaraliya, Ubudage, Koreya y'Epfo, Mexico, Tayilande, Maleziya, Vietnam, Uburusiya, n'ibindi.
2020-2021 Top 10 yUburusiya butumiza ibicuruzwa byinkweto
Kuva mu Kwakira 2020 kugeza Ukwakira 2021, mu Burusiya hari imishinga irenga 2000 ikora ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga (HS8708). Imbonerahamwe yavuzwe haruguru ni urutonde rwabatumiza TOP10. Amafaranga agera kuri miliyoni 289. (Amakuru yavuzwe haruguru namakuru gusa yo kumenyekanisha gasutamo).
2020-2021 Uburusiya Ibicuruzwa Byinjira mu mahanga Isesengura ryamakuru
Kuva mu 2021.1 kugeza 2022.1, mu mwaka ushize, hakurikijwe code ya 72, Uburusiya bwatumije mu mahanga ibicuruzwa bifitanye isano n’ibihugu 70 n’uturere, muri byo Ubushinwa nicyo gihugu kinini cy’Uburusiya cyatumije mu mahanga.
8. Inganda za peteroli na gaze gasanzwe, isoko y’ingenzi mu bukungu bw’Uburusiya, nazo zemerewe n’iburengerazuba. Uburusiya byanze bikunze byongera ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga na peteroli na gaze mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere, kandi bizihutisha iyubakwa ry’ubushakashatsi bwa peteroli na gaze, gutunganya, gutwara abantu n'ibindi bikoresho. Ibikoresho n'ikoranabuhanga birakuze cyane, kandi imishinga yo mu gihugu irashobora kongera imbaraga mu guteza imbere ibyoherezwa mu mahanga ibikoresho n'ikoranabuhanga nko gucukura peteroli na gaze, gutunganya, gutunganya, gutwara abantu, n'imiyoboro.
9. Imiti nibikoresho byubuvuzi nabyo bifite isoko ryinshi muburusiya na Biyelorusiya. Mbere y’amakimbirane, Uburusiya bwatumizaga imiti n’ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi byinshi mu Burengerazuba, naho Uburusiya na Ukraine na byo byohereza imiti muri Aziya yo hagati, Uburayi bw’iburasirazuba no mu bindi bihugu. Nyuma y’ibihano by’iburengerazuba, Uburusiya bwarekuye by'agateganyo kurinda umutungo bwite mu by'ubwenge ubuvuzi bw’iburengerazuba n’ibindi bicuruzwa, kandi bworoshya ibisabwa byo gupakira no gutanga ibyemezo ku miti yatumijwe mu mahanga n’ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi. Isoko ritanga amahirwe meza yubucuruzi.
2. Ibyifuzo byinganda ziteza imbere amasoko muburusiya, Aziya yo hagati nu Burayi bwi Burasirazuba:
1. Ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe mpuzamahanga, ibigo by’imbere mu gihugu bigomba gukora neza hakiri kare igenamigambi ry’iterambere, ikigega cy’impano, ibikoresho byo kubaka no kubaka ihuriro ry’ubucuruzi, no kubaka imiyoboro yo kwamamaza ku masoko y’Uburusiya, Aziya yo hagati, n’Uburayi bw’iburasirazuba. 2. Tugomba kwitabira cyane imurikagurisha n’ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi mu Burusiya, Aziya yo Hagati no mu bindi bihugu, gushimangira cyane umubano n’abakiriya bo mu Burusiya, Aziya yo hagati, n’Uburayi bw’Uburasirazuba, tugakorana ubucuruzi busanzwe, kandi twubaka cyane kandi tunyura mu bubiko n’imurikagurisha mu mahanga. mu turere twavuze haruguru. Imiyoboro nubutunzi nkinama, ahazabera imurikagurisha hamwe nibikoresho byo kugabura bizateza imbere amasoko yavuzwe haruguru. 3. Ku bigo bimwe na bimwe byo mu gihugu bitanga ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa mu buryo bubiri, kugira ngo birinde ibihano bihuriweho na Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika ndetse no mu bindi byiciro byakurikiyeho, bagomba kugerageza gukoresha ibihugu bya gatatu nka Aziya yo hagati n'Uburayi bw'Uburasirazuba kugira ngo bakore ubucuruzi n'Uburusiya na Biyelorusiya. , kandi utekereze gukora ubucuruzi muri Aziya yo hagati, Uburusiya, n'Uburayi bw'Uburasirazuba. Umusaruro, gutunganya no gucuruza ibicuruzwa bifitanye isano. 4. Tugomba guteza imbere cyane inganda zunguka imbere mu gihugu kugirango tujye muri Aziya yo hagati, Uburusiya, n'Uburayi bw'Uburasirazuba. Ibicuruzwa ntabwo bikenewe gusa, ahubwo nibindi bicuruzwa Uburusiya, Biyelorusiya n’ibindi bihugu bikeneye byihutirwa kubona nyuma y’amakimbirane n’ibihano, nka: ibice by’imodoka, ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi n’amashanyarazi, ibicuruzwa bya elegitoronike, imashini z’ubuhinzi, imashini zicukura amabuye y’amabuye, ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi, 5. biomedicine, ibikomoka kuri peteroli, ibikomoka ku miti, nibindi 5. Mu bihe bigoye by’amakimbirane arimo kubera mu Burayi bwi Burasirazuba, birakenewe cyane ko imishinga ishimangira iyubakwa ry’ubutaka bw’umuhanda n’umuhanda - gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa, ihuriro ry’ibikoresho, no kwamamaza umuyoboro muri Aziya yo hagati, kandi uzatwara inyungu-yambere mu marushanwa mpuzamahanga azaza. Mu guteza imbere ubucuruzi mu Burusiya no muri Aziya yo Hagati, imishinga yo mu gihugu ntishobora guteza imbere ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga gusa no gufata vuba isoko rinini ry’ubutaka ririmo Uburayi na Aziya, ariko kandi rishobora kwinjiza mu iyubakwa ry’imiyoboro itanu y’umuhanda w’ubutaka n’umuhanda, guteza imbere no gushimangira ubufatanye bw'akarere n'akarere. iterambere ry'ubukungu. 6. Hamwe n’ibihano birebire kandi bikomeje gufatirwa Uburusiya na Biyelorusiya n’iburengerazuba no kwiyongera ku isoko ry’ibicuruzwa by’Ubushinwa ku masoko yavuzwe haruguru mu bihe biri imbere, mu Burusiya, Biyelorusiya, ndetse no mu bihugu byahoze bigize Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti byagize ingaruka n'Uburusiya, kohereza ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa, ibipimo by'Ubushinwa n'impamyabumenyi, amafaranga
3.
1. Repubulika ya Uzubekisitani yagize umutekano mu rwego rwa politiki, iterambere ryihuse mu bukungu n’imibereho myiza mu myaka yashize. Umubano w’Ubushinwa na Uzubekisitani ni urugwiro, kandi ubufatanye bw’ibihugu byombi bufite amahirwe menshi yo kwiteza imbere. . Ni ihuriro ryibicuruzwa nogukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa, kandi inzu yimurikagurisha yububiko bwo hanze ifite ibicuruzwa bidasanzwe byo gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa. 3. Uzubekisitani ifite abantu barenga miliyoni 2 bakora ubucuruzi n’akazi mu Burusiya, Uburayi bw’iburasirazuba n’ahandi hantu umwaka wose. Abacuruzi bo muri Uzubekisitani bafite umuco muremure wo guhuza ubucuruzi n’ubucuruzi bw’iburasirazuba n’iburengerazuba, kandi bafite impano, ururimi, imiterere, viza nibindi byiza byo gukora ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka. 4. Ibicuruzwa biva muri Uzubekisitani byinjira mu bihugu by’ubukungu bw’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, Aziya yo hagati, Uburayi na Amerika ndetse n’ibindi bihugu, bikishimira ibyiza byo korohereza ubucuruzi no kugabanya imisoro. 5. Tashkent, umurwa mukuru wa Uzubekisitani, ni ihuriro rikuru ry’ubucuruzi n’ibikoresho byo muri Aziya yo hagati. Ibicuruzwa birashobora gukwirakwizwa vuba kuva muri Uzubekisitani mu Burusiya, Uburayi bw'Uburasirazuba, Aziya yo hagati, Aziya y'Epfo, Aziya y'Iburengerazuba n'ahandi. Hamwe n’ibihano by’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi byafatiwe Uburusiya no gufunga ibyambu bitwara abagenzi, gari ya moshi zitwara ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa n’Uburayi zishobora kugira ingaruka zuzuye. Mu rwego rwo kugeza ibicuruzwa mu Burusiya, ibikoresho byo mu mihanda na gari ya moshi biva muri Aziya yo hagati, Uzubekisitani, Kazakisitani n'utundi turere bizagira uruhare runini. 6. Uzubekisitani ikungahaye ku bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro n'umutungo w'ubuhinzi, ariko inganda zayo zifite intege nke. Uzubekisitani ifite ibikorwa remezo byiza kandi bifite ireme ryiza ridahenze ryabakozi. Ubwuzuzanye mu bukungu hagati y'Ubushinwa na Uzubekisitani buragaragara.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-12-2022