Ibyiciro byibicuruzwa
Ukurikije imiterere y'ibicuruzwa, igabanijwemo impuzu z'abana, impuzu zikuze, impuzu z'abana / amakariso, hamwe n'impapuro zikuze; ukurikije ibisobanuro byayo, irashobora kugabanwa mubunini (S ubwoko), ubunini buciriritse (M ubwoko), nubunini bunini (L ubwoko). ) hamwe nubundi buryo butandukanye.
Impapuro n'ibipapuro / padi bigabanijwemo ibyiciro bitatu: ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge, ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwa mbere, n'ibicuruzwa byujuje ibyangombwa.
ubuhanga busabwa
Impapuro n'ibipapuro / udupapuro bigomba kuba bifite isuku, firime yo hasi idashobora kumeneka igomba kuba idahwitse, nta byangiritse, nta bibyimba bikomeye, nibindi, byoroshye gukoraho, kandi byubatswe neza; kashe igomba kuba ikomeye. Itsinda rya elastike rihujwe neza, kandi umwanya uhamye wujuje ibisabwa.
Ibipimo ngenderwaho bigezweho kubipapuro (impapuro na padi) niGB / T 28004-2011"Impapuro (impapuro n'amapaki)", iteganya ingano no kwambura ubuziranenge ibicuruzwa bitandukanijwe, hamwe n’imikorere yinjira (amafaranga yo kunyerera, umubare wongeye gucengera, ingano yamenetse), pH nibindi bipimo kimwe nibikoresho fatizo nibisabwa kugira isuku . Ibipimo by'isuku byujuje ubuziranenge bw'igihuguGB 15979-2002"Igipimo cy’isuku ku bicuruzwa by’isuku bikoreshwa". Isesengura ry'ibipimo by'ingenzi ni ibi bikurikira:
(1) Ibipimo byubuzima
Kubera ko abakoresha impuzu, impuzu, hamwe nudupapuro twahinduye cyane cyane impinja nabana bato cyangwa abarwayi badafite aho bahuriye, ayo matsinda afite imbaraga nke zo kurwanya umubiri kandi birashoboka, bityo ibicuruzwa birasabwa kugira isuku nisuku. Impapuro (impapuro, amakariso) zikora ibidukikije kandi bifunze iyo bikoreshejwe. Ibipimo by'isuku bikabije birashobora gutuma byoroshye kwiyongera kwa mikorobe, bityo bigatera kwanduza umubiri w'umuntu. Igipimo cy’ibipapuro (impapuro n’ipapuro) giteganya ko ibipimo by’isuku by’ibipapuro (impapuro n'amapaki) bigomba kubahiriza ibivugwa muri GB 15979-2002 "Ibipimo by’isuku ku bicuruzwa by’isuku byangiza", hamwe n’umubare rusange w’abakoloni bagizwe na CFU 200 / g. CFU / g, coliforms na bagiteri ziterwa na pyogenic (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus na hemolytic Streptococcus) ntibizamenyekana. Muri icyo gihe kandi, ibipimo bisabwa cyane ku bidukikije, umusaruro wangiza ndetse n’isuku, abakozi, n’ibindi kugira ngo ibicuruzwa bisukure kandi bifite isuku.
(2) Imikorere yo gucengera
Imikorere yemewe ikubiyemo kunyerera, gusubira inyuma no kumeneka.
1. Amafaranga yo kunyerera.
Irerekana ibicuruzwa byinjira nubushobozi bwo gukuramo inkari. Igipimo giteganya ko urwego rwujuje ibyangombwa byo kunyerera byimpapuro zimpapuro (impapuro) ari ≤20mL, naho urwego rwujuje ubuziranenge bwinyerera rwimpapuro zikuze (impapuro) ni ≤30mL. Ibicuruzwa bifite umuvuduko mwinshi bifite ubushobozi buke bwo kwihagarika inkari kandi ntibishobora kwihuta kandi neza kwinjira mu nkari murwego rwo kwinjirira, bigatuma inkari zisohoka ku nkombe za diaper (urupapuro), bigatuma uruhu rwaho rwinjizwa ninkari. Irashobora gutera ikibazo kubakoresha, bityo igatera kwangiza igice cyuruhu rwumukoresha, bikangiza ubuzima bwumukoresha.
2. Umubare winyuma yinyuma.
Irerekana imikorere yo kugumana ibicuruzwa nyuma yo gukuramo inkari. Ingano yinyuma yinyuma ni nto, byerekana ko ibicuruzwa bifite imikorere myiza mugufunga inkari, birashobora guha abakoresha ibyiyumvo byumye, kandi bikagabanya kwibasirwa nigituba. Ingano yinyuma yinyuma ni nini, kandi inkari zinjijwe nigitereko zizasubira inyuma hejuru yibicuruzwa, bigatera guhura igihe kirekire hagati yuruhu rwumukoresha ninkari, bishobora gutera byoroshye kwandura uruhu rwumukoresha kandi bikabangamira uyikoresha. ubuzima. Igipimo giteganya ko urwego rwujuje ibisabwa rwo kongera kwinjirira mu bana bato ari ≤10.0g, urwego rwujuje ibyangombwa byo kongera kwinjirira mu mpinja z'impinja ni ≤15.0g, kandi urwego rwujuje ibisabwa rwa re- gucengera impapuro zikuze (ibice) ni ≤20.0g.
3. Amafaranga yamenetse.
Irerekana imikorere yo kwigunga yibicuruzwa, ni ukuvuga, niba hari ibimeneka cyangwa ibisohoka bivuye inyuma yibicuruzwa nyuma yo kubikoresha. Kubijyanye nimikorere yibicuruzwa, ibicuruzwa byujuje ibyangombwa ntibigomba kumeneka. Kurugero, niba hari imyanda cyangwa imyanda inyuma yibicuruzwa byimpuzu, imyenda yumukoresha izaba yanduye, ibyo bikazatera igice cyuruhu rwumukoresha gushiramo inkari, ibyo bikaba byoroshye kwangiza uruhu rwumukoresha kandi kubangamira ubuzima bwumukoresha. Igipimo giteganya ko urwego rwujuje ibisabwa rwo kumeneka impinja n’abakuze (ibice) ari .50.5g.
Impapuro zujuje ibyangombwa, amakariso yubuforomo nibindi bicuruzwa ntibigomba kugira amazi cyangwa kumeneka kugirango barebe ko bidahumanya imyenda mugihe cyo kuyikoresha.
(3) pH
Abakoresha impapuro ni impinja, abana bato, abasaza cyangwa abantu bafite umuvuduko muke. Aya matsinda afite ubushobozi buke bwo kugenzura uruhu. Niba impapuro zikoreshwa mugihe kirekire, uruhu ntiruzaba rufite igihe gihagije cyo gukira, gishobora kwangiza byoroshye uruhu, bityo bikangiza ubuzima bwumukoresha. Kubwibyo, Bikwiye kwemezwa ko acide na alkaline yibicuruzwa bitazarakaza uruhu. Igipimo giteganya ko pH ari 4.0 kugeza 8.5.
Bifitanye isanoraporo y'ubugenzuziImiterere:
| Raporo yubugenzuzi (impapuro) | |||||
| Oya. | Kugenzura ibintu | Igice | Ibisabwa bisanzwe | Kugenzura ibisubizo | Umuntu ku giti cye umwanzuro |
| 1 | ikirango | / | 1) Izina ry'ibicuruzwa; 2) Umusaruro wibanze wibikoresho fatizo 3) Izina ryumushinga utanga umusaruro; 4) Aderesi yumushinga utanga umusaruro; 5) Itariki yo gukoreramo n'ubuzima bwa tekinike; 6) Ibipimo ngenderwaho mu bicuruzwa; 7) Urwego rwiza rwibicuruzwa. |
| babishoboye |
| 2 | Ubwiza bwo kugaragara | / | Impapuro zigomba kuba zifite isuku, hamwe na firime yo hasi idashobora kumeneka neza, nta byangiritse, nta bibyimba bikomeye, nibindi, byoroshye gukoraho, kandi byubatswe neza; kashe igomba kuba ikomeye. |
| babishoboye |
| 3 | Uburebure bwuzuye gutandukana | ％ | ± 6 |
| babishoboye |
| 4 | ubugari bwuzuye gutandukana | ％ | ± 8 |
| babishoboye |
| 5 | Ubwiza bwanditse gutandukana | ％ | ± 10 |
| babishoboye |
| 6 | Kunyerera umubare | mL | ≤20.0 |
| babishoboye |
| 7 | Inyuma yinyuma umubare | g | ≤10.0 |
| babishoboye |
| 8 | Kumeneka umubare | g | ≤0.5 |
| babishoboye |
| 9 | pH | / | 4.0～8.0 |
| babishoboye |
| 10 | Gutanga ubuhehere | ％ | ≤10.0 |
| babishoboye |
| 11 | Umubare rusange wa bagiteri ubukoloni | cfu / g | ≤200 |
| babishoboye |
| 12 | Umubare rusange wa fungal ubukoloni | cfu / g | ≤100 |
| babishoboye |
| 13 | coliforms | / | Ntibyemewe | ntibimenyekane | babishoboye |
| 14 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | / | Ntibyemewe | ntibimenyekane | babishoboye |
| 15 | Staphylococcus aureus | / | Ntibyemewe | ntibimenyekane | babishoboye |
| 16 | Hemolytike Streptococcus | / | Ntibyemewe | ntibimenyekane | babishoboye |
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-08-2024