Amabwiriza Yumubyigano Mucyo Ahinduka Inzitizi Yingaruka Zinshi, Nigute Twakwitwara Kumashanyarazi yohereza hanze kugirango wirinde kwibuka

Dukurikije imibare y’imikorere y’umuryango w’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi (EU RAPEX), mu 2020, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi watanze amatangazo yo kwibutsa 272 yose atubahirije Amabwiriza y’umuvuduko muke. Mu 2021, hatanzwe ibyibutsa 233; Ibicuruzwa birimo charger za USB, adaptateur, amashanyarazi, amatara yo hanze, amatara yo gushushanya nibindi bicuruzwa bijyanye na elegitoroniki n’amashanyarazi. Impamvu nuko kurinda insulasiyo yibi bicuruzwa bidahagije, abaguzi barashobora gukora ku bice bizima kandi bigatera ihungabana ry’amashanyarazi, ibyo bikaba bitubahirije amabwiriza y’amashanyarazi make hamwe n’ibipimo by’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi EN62368 na EN 60598.Amabwiriza y’amashanyarazi make yabaye ibyago byinshi. inzitizi y'ibicuruzwa by'amashanyarazi kwinjira muri EU.

"Amabwiriza Mucyo Mucyo" na "Umuvuduko muke"

"Amabwiriza Mucyo Mucyo" (LVD):Mu ntangiriro yashyizweho mu 1973 nk'Amabwiriza 73/23 / EEC, Amabwiriza yagiye akosorwa kandi avugururwa muri 2006

kugeza 2006/95 / EC hakurikijwe amategeko y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, ariko ibintu ntibihinduka. Muri Werurwe 2014, Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi watangaje verisiyo nshya y’amabwiriza y’amashanyarazi make 2014/35 / EU, yasimbuye Amabwiriza yambere ya 2006/95 / EC. Aya mabwiriza mashya yatangiye gukurikizwa ku ya 20 Mata 2016.

Intego yubuyobozi bwa LVD nukureba ko ibicuruzwa byamashanyarazi bigurishwa kandi bikozwe mubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi bifite umutekano ku baguzi iyo bikora neza cyangwa iyo binaniwe.“低电压”：

Amabwiriza ya LVD asobanura ibicuruzwa "bito bito" nkibikoresho byamashanyarazi bifite voltage yagereranijwe na volt 50-1000 AC cyangwa 75-1500 volt DC.

Icyitonderwa:Ibicuruzwa byamashanyarazi bifite voltage iri munsi ya volt 50 AC cyangwa munsi ya 75 volt DC bigengwa nubuyobozi rusange bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi (2001/95 / EC) kandi ntibiri mu rwego rw’amabwiriza y’amashanyarazi make. Ibicuruzwa bimwe nkibicuruzwa byamashanyarazi mubirere biturika, ibikoresho bya radiologiya nubuvuzi, ibyuma byo murugo hamwe na socket nabyo ntibireba Amabwiriza ya Voltage Nto.

Ugereranije na 2006/95 / EC, impinduka nyamukuru za 2014/35 / EU:

1. Kugenzura uburyo bworoshye bwo kubona isoko nurwego rwo hejuru rwumutekano.

2. Yasobanuye neza inshingano zabakora, abatumiza mu mahanga n'ababitanga.

3. Shimangira ibisabwa byo gukurikirana no kugenzura ibicuruzwa bifite inenge.

4. Biragaragara ko uwabikoze ategetswe kwisuzuma wenyine, kandi nta mpamvu yo kumenyeshwa nundi muntu wagize uruhare mubikorwa.

Ibisabwa byubuyobozi bwa LVD

Ibisabwa nubuyobozi bwa LVD birashobora kuvugwa muri make nkintego 10 zumutekano mubihe 3:

1. Ibisabwa byumutekano mubihe rusange:(1) Kugenzura niba ibikoresho byamashanyarazi bishobora gukoreshwa neza ukurikije intego yo gushushanya, kandi imikorere yibanze igomba kumenyekana kubikoresho cyangwa kuri raporo iherekeje. (2) Igishushanyo cyibikoresho byamashanyarazi nibiyigize bigomba kwemeza ko bishobora gushyirwaho no guhuzwa neza kandi neza. .2. Ibisabwa byo kurinda umutekano mugihe ibikoresho ubwabyo bitanga ingaruka:(1) Kurinda bihagije abantu n’amatungo gukomeretsa ku mubiri cyangwa izindi ngaruka ziterwa n’umuriro w'amashanyarazi utaziguye cyangwa utaziguye. (2) Nta bushyuhe buteye akaga, arcing cyangwa imirasire bizabyara. (3) Kurinda bihagije abantu, amatungo numutungo kubintu bisanzwe bitari amashanyarazi (nkumuriro) biterwa nibikoresho byamashanyarazi. (4) Kurinda uburyo bukwiye bwo gukingirwa mubihe biteganijwe.3. Ibisabwa kurinda umutekano mugihe ibikoresho byatewe ningaruka zo hanze:(1) Kuzuza ibisabwa byateganijwe gukoreshwa kandi ntibizabangamira abantu, amatungo numutungo. (2) Kurwanya ingaruka zitari imashini mugihe cyateganijwe kubidukikije kugirango bidahungabanya abantu, amatungo numutungo. (3) Kutabangamira abantu, amatungo n'umutungo mugihe kirenze urugero (kurenza urugero).

Inama zo guhangana:Gukurikiza ibipimo bihujwe nuburyo bwiza bwo guhangana nubuyobozi bwa LVD. "Ibipimo bihujwe" ni icyiciro cya tekiniki zisobanutse kandi zemewe n'amategeko, zishyirwaho n’imiryango y’ibihugu by’i Burayi nka CEN (Komite y’uburayi ishinzwe ubuziranenge) ishingiye ku bisabwa n’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, kandi igatangazwa buri gihe mu kinyamakuru cyemewe cy’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi. Ibipimo byinshi byahujwe bisubirwamo hifashishijwe ibipimo bya IEC bya komisiyo mpuzamahanga y’ikoranabuhanga. Kurugero, ibisanzwe bikoreshwa bihujwe na USB charger, EN62368, byahinduwe kuva IEC62368. Igice cya 3, Igice cya 12 cyamabwiriza ya LVD gisobanura neza ko, nkibanze shingiro ryogusuzuma ibyubahirizwa, ibicuruzwa byamashanyarazi byujuje ubuziranenge bizahita bifatwa nkibihuye nintego zumutekano zubuyobozi bwumuriro muto. Ibicuruzwa bitaratangaje ibipimo bihujwe bigomba gusuzumwa hifashishijwe ibipimo bya IEC cyangwa ibihugu by’abanyamuryango hakurikijwe inzira zijyanye.

Nigute ushobora gusaba icyemezo cya CE-LVD

Dukurikije Amabwiriza ya LVD, abakora ibicuruzwa by’amashanyarazi barashobora gutegura inyandiko za tekiniki, bagakora isuzumabushobozi, kandi bagategura imenyekanisha ry’ibihugu by’Uburayi ubwabo, nta ruhare rw’ibindi bigo. Ariko gusaba icyemezo cya CE-LVD mubisanzwe byoroshye kumenyekana nisoko no kunoza uburyo bworoshye bwubucuruzi no kuzenguruka.

Uburyo bukurikira bukurikizwa muri rusange: 1. Tanga ibikoresho byo gusaba kurwego rwujuje ibyangombwa, nkibyangombwa bisaba bikubiyemo amakuru yibanze yabasabye nibicuruzwa. 2. 3. Urwego rwemeza rukora ibizamini bikurikije ibipimo bifatika, kandi rutanga raporo yikizamini nyuma yuko ibicuruzwa byatsinze ikizamini. 4. Urwego rutanga ibyemezo rutanga icyemezo cya CE-LVD ukurikije amakuru na raporo y'ibizamini bijyanye.

Ibicuruzwa byabonye icyemezo cya CE-LVD bigomba gukomeza guhungabanya umutekano wibicuruzwa, kandi ntibishobora guhindura uko bishakiye imiterere yibicuruzwa, imikorere, nibice byingenzi, kandi bikabika amakuru ya tekiniki ajyanye no kugenzura no kugenzura.

Izindi nama: Imwe ni ugushimangira imbaraga zo gukurikirana amabwiriza. Kurikirana neza imigendekere yamabwiriza hamwe nibipimo bihujwe nkubuyobozi bwa EU LVD, komeza umenye ibisabwa bya tekiniki bigezweho, kandi utezimbere umusaruro nigishushanyo hakiri kare. Iya kabiri ni ugushimangira igenzura ryumutekano wibicuruzwa. Ku bicuruzwa bifite ibipimo bihujwe, kugenzura ubuziranenge bihabwa umwanya wa mbere ku bipimo bihujwe, kandi ibicuruzwa bidafite ibipimo bihujwe bihabwa umwanya wo kwerekeza ku bipimo bya IEC, kandi ikizamini cy’ishyirahamwe ry’abandi bantu kigakorwa igihe bibaye ngombwa. Icya gatatu ni ugushimangira gukumira ingaruka zamasezerano. Amabwiriza ya LVD afite ibisabwa bisobanutse ku nshingano z'abakora ibicuruzwa, abatumiza mu mahanga n'ababitanga.