1. SA8000 ni iki? Ni izihe nyungu za SA8000 kuri societe?
Iterambere ry’ubukungu bw’isi, abantu barushaho kwita ku nshingano z’imibereho n’uburenganzira ku murimo mu musaruro. Icyakora, uko urunigi rw’ibicuruzwa n’itangwa ry’inganda rwarushijeho kuba ingorabahizi, rurimo ibihugu byinshi n’uturere twinshi, kugira ngo amahuriro yose yubahirize ibipimo n’ibisobanuro, imiryango ibishinzwe yatangiye gushyira mu bikorwa ibipimo bifatika kugira ngo i inzira yumusaruro Kuramba hamwe ninshingano zabaturage.
(1) SA8000 ni iki? SA8000 Abashinwa n’Imibereho Myiza y'Abaturage 8000, icyiciro cyatangijwe na Social Accountability International (SAI), umuryango mpuzamahanga uhuza abantu, wateje imbere kandi utezwa imbere n’amasosiyete mpuzamahanga yo mu Burayi n’Abanyamerika ndetse n’indi miryango mpuzamahanga, ashingiye ku itangazo ry’umuryango w’abibumbye ryita ku burenganzira bwa muntu, Amasezerano mpuzamahanga y’umuryango w’abakozi, amahame mpuzamahanga y’uburenganzira bwa muntu n’amategeko agenga umurimo mu gihugu, n’amahame mpuzamahanga mu mucyo, apimwa, kandi yamenyekanye ku muryango w’ibigo, bikubiyemo uburenganzira, ibidukikije, umutekano, gahunda z’imicungire, ubuvuzi, n’ibindi, birashobora gukoreshwa mu gihugu icyo ari cyo cyose kandi karere no mubyiciro byose Ubucuruzi bwubunini butandukanye. Mu magambo make, ni amahame mpuzamahanga yo "kurengera uburenganzira bwa muntu bw'umurimo" yashyizweho mu bihugu no mu nzego zose. . guhindura ibipimo, inganda nibidukikije Komeza kubahiriza amahame mbonezamubano. Twizera ko iyi ngingo ninyandiko ziyobora bizarushaho kuba byiza hifashishijwe imiryango n’abantu ku giti cyabo.
1997: Social Accountability International (SAI) yashinzwe mu 1997 isohora inyandiko yambere ya SA8000. 2001: Igitabo cya kabiri cya SA8000: 2001 cyasohotse kumugaragaro. 2004: Igitabo cya gatatu cya SA8000: 2004 cyasohotse kumugaragaro. 2008: Igitabo cya 4 cya SA8000: 2008 cyasohotse kumugaragaro. 2014: Igitabo cya gatanu cya SA8000: 2014 cyasohotse kumugaragaro. 2017: 2017 iratangaza kumugaragaro ko verisiyo ishaje ya SA8000: 2008 itemewe. Amashyirahamwe arimo kwemeza SA8000: 2008 agomba guhinduka kuri verisiyo nshya ya 2014 mbere yicyo gihe. 2019: Muri 2019, byatangajwe ku mugaragaro ko guhera ku ya 9 Gicurasi, icyiciro cyo kugenzura SA8000 ku bigo by’impushya zashyizwe mu bikorwa kizahinduka kuva rimwe mu mezi atandatu (amezi 6) kikaba rimwe mu mwaka.
(3) Inyungu za SA8000 muri societe
Kurengera uburenganzira bw'umurimo
Ibigo bikurikiza amahame ya SA8000 birashobora kwemeza ko abakozi bafite uburenganzira bwibanze bwakazi, harimo inyungu, umutekano wakazi, ubuzima nuburenganzira bwa muntu. Ibi bifasha kugabanya ibyago byo gukoreshwa nabakozi kandi bikazamura imibereho yumukozi.
Kunoza imikorere no kongera abakozi
Igipimo cya SA8000 gisobanura imiterere yakazi nkumushinga ugomba gushyiraho ibidukikije bikora neza, bizima kandi byubumuntu. Gushyira mu bikorwa ibipimo bya SA8000 birashobora guteza imbere ibidukikije, bityo bikazamura ubuzima no kunezezwa nakazi kubakozi no kongera abakozi kugumana.teza imbere ubucuruzi buboneye
Ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ibipimo bya SA8000 n’ibigo birashobora guteza imbere ubucuruzi buboneye, kubera ko ibyo bigo bizakurikiza amahame mpuzamahanga y’umurimo kandi bikemeze ko ibicuruzwa byabo biva mu murimo byubahiriza aya mahame.
Kuzamura izina ryibigo
Mugushira mubikorwa SA8000, ibigo birashobora kwerekana ko bitaye kuburenganzira bwumurimo ninshingano zabaturage. Ibi bifasha kuzamura izina ryibigo nishusho, bikurura abakiriya benshi, abashoramari nabafatanyabikorwa. Hashingiwe ku bimaze kuvugwa haruguru, birashobora kugaragara ko mugukurikiza amahame ya SAI SA8000, bizafasha kuzamura inshingano z’imibereho n’urwego rw’imyitwarire, bifasha kugabanya ibyago byo gukoreshwa n’umurimo, kuzamura imibereho y’umurimo, bityo bikagira aingaruka nziza kuri societe yose.
2. Amahame 9 yingenzi ningingo zingenzi zingingo za SA8000
SA8000 mpuzamahanga ngenderwaho mu nshingano z’imibereho ishingiye ku bipimo by’akazi byemewe ku rwego mpuzamahanga, harimo Itangazo Mpuzamahanga ry’Uburenganzira bwa Muntu, Amasezerano mpuzamahanga y’umurimo n’amategeko y’igihugu. SA8000 2014 ikoresha uburyo bwa sisitemu yubuyobozi ku nshingano z’imibereho, kandi ishimangira iterambere ry’amashyirahamwe y’ubucuruzi aho kugenzura urutonde. Sisitemu yo kugenzura no gutanga ibyemezo SA8000 itanga uburyo bwo kugenzura SA8000 kumashyirahamwe yubucuruzi yubwoko bwose, mu nganda iyo ari yo yose, ndetse no mu gihugu icyo ari cyo cyose ndetse no mu karere kose, bikabafasha gukora imibanire y’umurimo mu buryo buboneye kandi buboneye hamwe n’abakozi n’abakozi bimukira, kandi bakabigaragaza. ko ishyirahamwe ryubucuruzi rishobora kubahiriza SA8000 igipimo cyimibereho myiza.
imirimo mibi ikoreshwa abana
Birabujijwe gukoresha abana bari munsi yimyaka 15. Niba imyaka ntarengwa yo gukora cyangwa imyaka yo kwiga ku gahato iteganijwe n amategeko y’ibanze irenze imyaka 15, imyaka yo hejuru izatsinda.
imirimo y'agahato cyangwa y'agahato
Abakozi bafite uburenganzira bwo kuva ku kazi nyuma yamasaha asanzwe yakazi arangiye. Amashyirahamwe yimishinga ntashobora guhatira umurimo, gusaba abakozi kwishyura kubitsa cyangwa kubika ibyangombwa ndangamuntu mumashyirahamwe yimishinga mugihe bakora, ntanubwo bafunga umushahara, inyungu, umutungo, nicyemezo kugirango bahatire abakozi gukora.
ubuzima n'umutekano
Amashyirahamwe yubucuruzi agomba gutanga ahantu heza kandi heza ho gukorera kandi hagomba gufata ingamba zifatika zo gukumira impanuka z’ubuzima n’umutekano zishobora gukomeretsa ku kazi, cyangwa indwara zibaho cyangwa ziterwa n’akazi. Iyo ingaruka zigumye ku kazi, amashyirahamwe agomba guha abakozi ibikoresho byabashinzwe kurinda nta kiguzi.
Ubwisanzure bwo kwishyira hamwe nuburenganzira bwo guhuriza hamwe
Abakozi bose bafite uburenganzira bwo gushinga no kwinjira mu mashyirahamwe y’abakozi bahisemo, kandi imiryango ntishobora kwivanga mu buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose bwo gushinga, gukora cyangwa gucunga amashyirahamwe y’abakozi.
Ivangura
Amashyirahamwe yubucuruzi agomba kubahiriza uburenganzira bwabakozi bwo gukoresha imyizerere yabo n'imigenzo yabo, kandi akabuza guha akazi, umushahara, amahugurwa, kuzamurwa mu ntera, kuzamurwa mu ntera, n'ibindi. Ivangura mubice nko mu kiruhuko cy'izabukuru. Byongeye kandi, isosiyete ntishobora kwihanganira ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina ku gahato, gutukana cyangwa gukoreshwa, harimo imvugo, ibimenyetso ndetse n’imibonano mpuzabitsina.
Igihano
Umuryango wubaha abakozi bose n'icyubahiro. Isosiyete ntishobora gufata ibihano by’umubiri, ku gahato mu mutwe cyangwa ku mubiri, no gutuka abakozi, kandi ntiyemerera abakozi gufatwa nabi cyangwa ubumuntu.
amasaha yo gukora
Amashyirahamwe agomba kubahiriza amategeko y’ibanze kandi ntashobora gukora amasaha y'ikirenga. Amasaha y'ikirenga yose agomba kandi kuba ku bushake, kandi ntagomba kurenza amasaha 12 mu cyumweru, kandi ntagomba kuba asubiramo, kandi agomba kwemererwa kwishyura amasaha y'ikirenga.
Igihembo
Ishyirahamwe ry’imishinga rizemeza umushahara wicyumweru gisanzwe cyakazi, ukuyemo amasaha yikirenga, byibuze yujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa n’umushahara muto ntarengwa wemewe. Kwishura ntibishobora gusubikwa cyangwa kwishyurwa ukundi, nka voucher, coupons cyangwa inoti. Byongeye kandi, imirimo y'amasaha y'ikirenga igomba guhembwa umushahara w'amasaha y'ikirenga hakurikijwe amategeko y'igihugu.
sisitemu yo kuyobora
Binyuze mu gushyira mu bikorwa neza, kugenzura no gushyira mu bikorwa kugira ngo byubahirize byuzuye ibipimo bya SA8000, kandi mu gihe cyo kubishyira mu bikorwa, abahagarariye urwego rutari imiyoborere bagomba kwihitiramo ubwabo kugira ngo bitabira urwego rw’ubuyobozi guhuza, kunoza no gukomeza inzira zose.
3.SA8000 inzira yo gutanga ibyemezo
Intambwe1. Kwisuzuma
SA 8000 ishyiraho konte yububiko bwa SAI mumibare yububiko bwa SAI, ikora no kugura SA8000 yo kwisuzuma, igiciro ni amadorari 300 US, kandi igihe kingana niminota 60-90.
Intambwe2.Shakisha urwego rwemewe
SA 8000 itumanaho SA8000 yemewe ninzego zemeza ibyemezo bya 3, nka National Notary Inspection Co., Ltd., TUV NORD, SGS, Ikigo cy’Ubuziranenge cy’Ubwongereza, TTS, nibindi, kugirango batangire inzira yuzuye yo gusuzuma.
Intambwe3. Ikigo gikora igenzura
Urwego rwemeza SA 8000 ruzabanza gukora igenzura ryambere ryambere kugirango harebwe niba umuryango witeguye kuzuza ibipimo. Iki cyiciro gikunze gufata iminsi 1 kugeza kuri 2. Ibi bikurikirwa nubugenzuzi bwuzuye bwicyiciro cya 2, burimo gusuzuma inyandiko, imikorere yakazi, ibisubizo byabajijwe nabakozi hamwe nibikorwa byakazi. Igihe bifata biterwa nubunini nubunini bwumuryango, kandi bifata iminsi 2 kugeza 10.
Intambwe4. Shaka icyemezo cya SA8000
SA 8000 imaze kwemeza ko ishyirahamwe ryubucuruzi ryashyize mubikorwa ibikorwa bikenewe nogutezimbere kugirango byuzuze SA8000, icyemezo cya SA8000 gitangwa.
Intambwe Intambwe5. Kuvugurura ibihe no kugenzura SA 8000
Nyuma yitariki ya 9 Gicurasi 2019, igenzura rya SA8000 kubasabye ni rimwe mu mwaka
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-01-2023