Nkumucuruzi w’umunyamahanga umaze imyaka myinshi akora ubucuruzi, Liu Xiangyang yagiye asohora ibicuruzwa biva mu mikanda irenga 10 iranga inganda, nk'imyenda i Zhengzhou, ubukerarugendo bushingiye ku muco i Kaifeng, na farufari ya Ru i Ruzhou, ku masoko yo hanze. Miliyoni magana, ariko icyorezo cyatangiye mu ntangiriro za 2020 cyazanye ubucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga bwa mbere mu buryo butunguranye.
Ingorane z’inganda no kugabanuka kwimikorere yisosiyete yigeze gutera Liu Xiangyang urujijo no kwitiranya ibintu, ariko ubu, we hamwe nitsinda rye babonye icyerekezo gishya, bagerageza gukemura "ingingo zibabaza" zimwe mubucuruzi bwububanyi n’amahanga binyuze mu "gushya" uruganda rwa digitale ”.
Birumvikana ko atari Liu Xiangyang gusa uhindura abacuruzi bo hanze. Mubyukuri, abacuruzi benshi bo mubucuruzi bwububanyi n’amahanga bamaze igihe kinini ku isonga ry’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga muri Delta yo haruguru na Pearl River Delta barimo kwihutisha umuvuduko wo guhinduka.
Biragoye
Umujyi wa Shiling mu Karere ka Huadu, Guangzhou uzwi cyane ku izina rya “Umurwa mukuru w'uruhu”. Muri uyu mujyi hari 8000 cyangwa 9000 bakora ibicuruzwa byuruhu, benshi muribo bafite ubucuruzi bwububanyi n’amahanga. Icyakora, icyorezo gishya cy’ikamba cyatumye Igurishwa ry’ibicuruzwa byinshi by’ubucuruzi bw’ibicuruzwa by’uruhu by’amahanga byahungabanijwe, ibicuruzwa by’ubucuruzi by’amahanga byagabanutse cyane, kandi ibarura ryashize ryabaye umutwaro uhagaze mu bubiko. Ibigo bimwe byabanje kugira abakozi 1.500, ariko kubera igabanuka rikabije ryibicuruzwa, bagombaga kwirukana abantu 200.
Ibintu nk'ibyo byabereye i Wenzhou, muri Zhejiang. Bamwe mu bucuruzi bw’amahanga ndetse n’amasosiyete y’inkweto za OEM na bo bahuye n’ibibazo nko guhagarika no guhomba kubera ingaruka z’ibidukikije mpuzamahanga n’icyorezo.
Yibutse ingaruka iki cyorezo cyagize ku nganda z’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga mu myaka yashize, Liu Xiangyang yavuze ko ikiguzi cy’ibikoresho, “uhereye ku madolari 3.000 y’amadolari ya Amerika kuri buri kintu, cyazamutse kigera ku madorari arenga 20.000.” Igitangaje cyane ni uko bigoye kwagura abakiriya bashya mu mahanga, kandi Abakiriya ba kera bakomeje guhomba, amaherezo bigatuma ubucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga bugabanuka.
Umuvugizi wa Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi, Shu Jueting, yigeze kuvuga ko ibigo bimwe by’ubucuruzi by’amahanga byibasiwe n’iki cyorezo kandi ko bihura n’ibibazo byugarije urugero nko guhagarika umusaruro n’imikorere ndetse n’ibikoresho bibi ndetse n’ubwikorezi. Muri icyo gihe, ibibazo nko kuzamuka kw'ibiciro fatizo by’ibikoresho fatizo, kohereza ibicuruzwa bitambuka imipaka, no kugabanya ibicuruzwa bitangwa ntibyigeze byoroha ku buryo bugaragara, kandi ibigo by’ubucuruzi by’amahanga, cyane cyane imishinga mito n'iciriritse, ihura n’igitutu kinini.
Xia Chun na Luo Weihan, impuguke mu by'ubukungu muri Yinke Holdings, na bo banditse inkuru kuri Yicai.com, bagaragaza ko bitewe n’iki cyorezo, urwego rw’inganda n’inganda zitangwa ku isi byateguwe neza kandi byubatswe n’abantu mu myaka mirongo. byoroshye. Ibigo by’ubucuruzi by’ububanyi n’amahanga, cyane cyane imishinga mito n'iciriritse yibanda ku nganda ziciriritse kugeza ku rwego rwo hasi, zirumva cyane, kandi ihungabana iryo ari ryo ryose risa naho rito rishobora kubateza ingaruka mbi. Mu rwego rw’ibibazo bitoroshye by’imbere mu gihugu ndetse n’amahanga, iterambere ry’inganda z’ubucuruzi n’amahanga ni kure.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, igihe Ubushinwa bwatumizaga mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu gice cya mbere cy’umwaka wa 2022 bwashyizwe ahagaragara ku ya 13 Nyakanga, Liu Xiangyang yasanze nubwo agaciro k’ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu Bushinwa mu gice cya mbere cy’umwaka wa 2022 byari tiriyari 19.8 z'amayero, umwaka ushize. -umwaka wiyongereyeho 9.4%, ariko Ubwiyongere bwinshi butangwa ningufu nibicuruzwa byinshi. By'umwihariko, mu bucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga bw’inganda nto n'iziciriritse, nubwo inganda zimwe na zimwe zigenda zisubira inyuma, haracyari inganda nyinshi z’ubucuruzi buciriritse n’ubucuruzi buciriritse zirwanira mu bibazo.
Amakuru aheruka gutangwa n’ubuyobozi bukuru bwa gasutamo yerekana ko kuva muri Mutarama kugeza muri Kamena uyu mwaka, ibicuruzwa by’ubucuruzi by’amahanga byagabanutse mu nganda zikoresha ibicuruzwa birimo ibikoresho byo mu rugo na terefone zigendanwa. Muri byo, ibikoresho byo mu rugo byagabanutseho 7.7% umwaka ushize, naho telefoni zigendanwa zagabanutseho 10.9% umwaka ushize.
Ku isoko rito ry’ibicuruzwa muri Yiwu, Zhejiang, byohereza cyane cyane ibicuruzwa bito mu mahanga, amasosiyete amwe y’ubucuruzi y’ububanyi n’amahanga yanavuze ko ibintu bitandukanye bitazwi neza byatewe n’ibyorezo by’indwara byateje igihombo kinini, ndetse n’amasosiyete amwe ndetse ateganya gufunga.
Ingingo zibabaza
Ati: “Ibicuruzwa by'Abashinwa, mu maso y'abacuruzi bo mu mahanga, bashishikajwe cyane no 'gukoresha neza ibiciro'.” Liu Jiangong (izina ry'irihimbano), umufatanyabikorwa wa Liu Xiangyang, yavuze ko kubera iyo mpamvu, abacuruzi b'abanyamahanga bagura ibicuruzwa mu Bushinwa nabo bazagereranya ibiciro ahantu hose. Reba ninde ufite igiciro gihenze. Uvuze 30, asubiramo 20, cyangwa 15. Iyo igiciro kirangiye, iyo umucuruzi w’amahanga abara, ndetse nigiciro cyibikoresho fatizo ntibihagije, none nigute gishobora gukorwa? Ntabwo bashishikajwe gusa n "" ikiguzi-cyiza ", ahubwo bahangayikishijwe no kuba mubi. Kugirango birinde gushukwa, bazohereza abantu cyangwa bashingire undi muntu "guswera" mumahugurwa. .
Ibi bituma bigorana kwizerana hagati yabacuruzi b’amahanga n’inganda zo mu gihugu. Abacuruzi b'abanyamahanga bahangayikishijwe n'ubwiza bw'ibicuruzwa. Inganda zimwe zo murugo, kugirango zibone ibicuruzwa, nazo "zitegura kandi zambare". Bimanike mumahugurwa asa nini.
Liu Xiangyang yavuze ko iyo “abanyamahanga” bakoze iperereza ku bijyanye no kugura ibicuruzwa, bazabaza ibijyanye n'inganda zose bashobora kumenya no guhaha hirya no hino. Byahindutse amafaranga mabi yirukana amafaranga meza, ndetse nabacuruzi bo mumahanga bumva ko "ari make cyane". Igiciro kimaze kuba gito cyane, kandi niba hari inyungu, gishobora gukorwa mugihe uburyo bwo gupima buriho budashobora kubimenya. Kugabanuka.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, bamwe mu bacuruzi b’abanyamahanga batorohewe batekereje "guswera inganda", ariko ntibishoboka gukomeza kureba amasaha 24 kuri 24, kandi icyarimwe, ntibishoboka kumva neza igipimo cyamakosa yibicuruzwa.
Liu Jiangong yagize ati: "Icyo twe (inganda z'inganda) twajyaga dukora mu bihe byashize kwari ugukuraho ibicuruzwa cyangwa kuvugana n'umukiriya mu buryo butaziguye, kugabanya igiciro, no kwishyuza make". Hariho n'inganda zimwe zihisha gusa. Niba ari bibi, niba utamubwiye (umucuruzi w’amahanga) ko ashobora kuyikoresha nta kibazo, noneho twe (inganda zinganda) tuzarokoka ibiza. Ati: "Ubu ni bwo buryo bukoreshwa mu nganda gakondo."
Kubera iyo mpamvu, abacuruzi b’abanyamahanga batinya cyane kwizera inganda.
Liu Xiangyang yasanze nyuma y’ibi bihe bibi, uburyo bwo kugirirwa ikizere no kugirirwa ikizere byabaye inzitizi ikomeye mu bucuruzi bw’amahanga. Ubugenzuzi bwakorewe hamwe nubugenzuzi bwuruganda byabaye intambwe byanze bikunze abacuruzi b’amahanga bagura mu Bushinwa.
Icyakora, icyorezo cyatangiye mu ntangiriro za 2020 cyatumye ubu bwoko bwubucuruzi bubona kwizera bigoye kugerwaho.
Liu Xiangyang, ukora cyane cyane mu bucuruzi bw’amahanga, bidatinze yavumbuye ko igihuhusi cyatewe n’ikinyugunyugu cyatewe n’iki cyorezo cyamuteye igihombo - itegeko ryoherejwe hafi miliyoni 200 z’amadolari y’Amerika; Gahunda yo gutanga amasoko nayo yahagaritswe kubera icyorezo.
Ati: "Niba amaherezo iryo tegeko rishobora kurangira icyo gihe, byanze bikunze hari inyungu ya miliyoni icumi z'amadorari." Liu Xiangyang yavuze ko kuri iri teka, yavuganye n'ishyaka mu gihe kirenga igice cy'umwaka, kandi undi muburanyi na we yagiye mu Bushinwa inshuro nyinshi. , Baherekejwe na Liu Xiangyang n'abandi, bagiye mu ruganda kugenzura uruganda inshuro nyinshi. Amaherezo, impande zombi zasinyanye amasezerano mu mpera za 2019.
Icyemezo cya mbere cyo kugerageza inzira yo gukuraho gasutamo cyatanzwe vuba, hamwe n’amadolari ibihumbi magana. Ubutaha, ukurikije gahunda, igihugu kizohereza abantu kwikinira mu ruganda kugirango babone umusaruro wibicuruzwa bizakurikiraho. Tekereza icyo, icyorezo cyaje.
Niba udashobora kubona ukuza kw'ibikoresho fatizo n'amaso yawe, kandi ukaba udashobora kubona umusaruro wibicuruzwa n'amaso yawe, undi muburanyi ntabwo yahitamo kugura. Kuva mu ntangiriro za 2020 kugeza muri Nyakanga 2022, itegeko ryatinze inshuro nyinshi.
Kugeza ubu, ndetse na Liu Xiangyang ntabwo yabashije kwemeza niba undi muburanyi azakomeza guteza imbere itegeko rya miliyoni 200 z'amadolari y'Amerika.
Ati: "Byaba byiza habaye uruganda abacuruzi b'abanyamahanga bashoboraga kwicara mu biro kandi 'bagakubita uruganda' kuri interineti.” Liu Xiangyang yarabitekerejeho, atangira kubaza hirya no hino, ashaka kwikuramo ibibazo biriho ubu mu bucuruzi gakondo bwo hanze. Icyo yatekereje ni uburyo bwo kurushaho kugirirwa icyizere n’abacuruzi b’amahanga, kuzamura ubucuruzi bw’amahanga gakondo, no guhindura inganda gakondo “inganda za digitale”.
Kubwibyo, Liu Xiangyang na Liu Jiangong, bamaze imyaka 10 biga inganda za digitale, baraterana maze bafatanya gushinga umuhondo River Cloud Cable Smart Technology Co., Ltd. ibi nk '"ibanga" ryo gucukumbura impinduka ya elegitoroniki yubucuruzi bwo hanze. amaboko ”.
Guhinduka
Liu Xiangyang yavuze ko mu bucuruzi gakondo bwo mu mahanga, hari inzira ebyiri zo kubona abakiriya, kuri interineti, binyuze ku mbuga nka Ali International, ku murongo wa interineti, binyuze ku bacuruzi bo mu mahanga, ariko ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga, inzira zombi zishobora kwerekana ibicuruzwa kuri interineti gusa. Ibihe nyabyo byuruganda ntibishobora kwerekanwa kubakiriya.
Nyamara, kuri Cable Cable Cable Cable, ntishobora gufungura uruganda rwa digitifike kubakiriya mugihe nyacyo, ariko kandi irerekana amakuru nyayo yamakuru arenga 100 murwego rwo gukora insinga, nibisobanuro, ibikoresho nibikoresho fatizo aribyo ikoreshwa, n'igihe ibikoresho bigomba gukoreshwa. Gukora no kubungabunga, igihe kingana iki kugeza igihe ibyarangiye birangiye, birashobora kwerekanwa mugihe nyacyo ukoresheje mudasobwa.
Ati: “Mu bihe byashize, abacuruzi b'abanyamahanga bagombaga kujya mu mahugurwa kureba amakuru. Noneho, iyo bafunguye mudasobwa, barashobora kubona amakuru nyayo ya buri gikoresho cyacu. ” Liu Jiangong yakoresheje ikigereranyo gifatika avuga ko ubu, abakiriya babona uburyo bwo gukora ibicuruzwa bumeze nkubuzima bwumuntu. Kuva akivuka k'umwana kugeza kumikurire no gukura, birashobora kugaragara ukirebye: guhera kumurundo wumuringa, inkomoko nibigize iki kirundo, hanyuma ukagera kumwanya uhuye na buri node. Umusaruro wamakuru, ibipimo, kimwe nigihe-videwo n'amashusho, abakiriya barashobora kureba mugihe nyacyo binyuze kuri mudasobwa. Ati: “Nubwo ari ibicuruzwa bitujuje ubuziranenge, birashobora kugabanywa mu buryo bunyuranye, ibyo bikaba byaratumye, haba ubushyuhe bw'ibikoresho, cyangwa imikorere y'abakozi mu buryo butemewe n'amategeko, cyangwa ibikoresho fatizo bitujuje ibyangombwa ubwabo.”
Impera imwe ihuza inganda zubwenge, nindi mpera itezimbere ubucuruzi bwa digitale. Liu Xiangyang yavuze ko urubuga rwabo rushya rufite inganda zirenga 10 zikorera ku giti cyabo na OEM, sisitemu yo kugenzura no kugenzura yuzuye, uburyo bwuzuye bwo kugenzura ubuziranenge, ndetse na sisitemu yo gukurikirana IoT yuzuye. Kubwibyo, nubwo imaze ukwezi kurenga kumurongo, imaze gukurura abantu mubacuruzi bo mumahanga. Bamwe mu bakiriya ba kera bakoranye imyaka myinshi nabo bagaragaje ubushake bwo gufatanya. Ati: “Kugeza ubu, umubare w'iperereza umaze kugera kuri miliyoni zisaga 100 z'amadolari y'Abanyamerika.” Liu Xiangyang yabwiye Yicai.com.
Icyakora, Liu Jiangong yemeye kandi ko ibikorwa byabo bya interineti mu nganda bishingiye ku nganda zikoresha imibare bikiri bimwe na bimwe “hejuru kandi biri hasi”, ati: “Bamwe mu bo dukorana baranyegereye bambwira ko wakuyemo 'impuzu' z'uruganda rwawe, kandi mu gihe kiri imbere urashobora. 'ntukine amayeri niba ubishaka, "undi muburanyi ndetse abwira Liu Jiangong igice gisetsa, amakuru yawe arasobanutse neza, witonde mugihe ishami ryimisoro rije iwanyu.
Ariko Liu Xiangyang aracyiyemeje, ati: "Gukwirakwiza inganda mu ruganda rwose ni ibintu bidashoboka. Gusa nukwemera icyerekezo dushobora kubaho. Dore ubu ntitwigeze tubona izuba riva. ”
Kandi bamwe mubo bakorana nubucuruzi bwububanyi n’amahanga batangiye guteza imbere e-ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka kugira ngo bakureho ingorane.
Isosiyete ikora inkweto i Wenzhou, mu Ntara ya Zhejiang ifite amateka y’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga bw’inkweto zamamaye mu myaka irenga 20, yabonye ko bagenzi bayo bari mu kibazo cyo guhagarika no guhomba, maze batangira kubona ko kugira ngo babeho, bitagomba gusa Wishingikirize ku nyungu nke z’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga, ariko ugomba kwagura inzira zo kugurisha mu Gihugu, gufata inzira zo kugurisha n’ibicuruzwa mu ntoki zabo.
Ati: “Ubucuruzi bwo mu mahanga busa nkaho ari bunini kandi buhamye, ariko mu byukuri, inyungu ni nto cyane. Birashoboka cyane ko ikintu gitunguranye kizatakaza imyaka mike yo kuzigama. ” Bwana Zhang, ushinzwe iyi sosiyete, yavuze ko kubera iyo mpamvu, bari muri Alibaba, Douyin, n'ibindi. Ihuriro ryafunguye iduka ry’ibendera maze ritangiza urwego rushya rw’inganda no guhindura imibare.
“Guhindura imibare byampaye ibyiringiro bishya byo gukura.” Yavuze ko mu bihe byashize, iyo bakoraga ubucuruzi bw’amahanga, itegeko rimwe ryakiriye amamiriyoni y’inkweto, ariko inyungu yari mike cyane kandi igihe cyo kubara cyari kirekire. Noneho, mugutangiza "ibicuruzwa bito" Uburyo bwo gukora "bwihuse bwihuse" bwatangiriye kumurongo winkweto ibihumbi magana yinkweto, none harashobora gufungurwa umurongo winkweto 2000. Uburyo bwo kubyaza umusaruro buroroshye guhinduka, butirinda gusa ibyago byo gutondekwa inyuma, ariko kandi bufite inyungu nyinshi kuruta mbere. .
Ati: “Tumaze imyaka irenga 20 dukora ubucuruzi bwo hanze. Nyuma y'icyorezo, twatangiye gushakisha isoko ry'imbere mu gihugu. ” Madamu Xie, umuyobozi w'ikigo mu Ntara ya Guangdong kabuhariwe mu bicuruzwa byo gukambika hanze, yavuze ko nubwo iki cyorezo cyateje ibibazo ubucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga, igihe iyi sosiyete yahindurwaga mu bucuruzi bw’imbere mu gihugu, Gusa igendera ku muyaga w’iburasirazuba wa gukambika, ubu, kugurisha buri kwezi ikirango cyisosiyete yikubye hafi kabiri umwaka-mwaka.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-18-2022