Mu Gushyingo 2023, amabwiriza mashya y’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga yaturutse mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, Amerika, Bangaladeshi, Ubuhinde ndetse n’ibindi bihugu bizatangira gukurikizwa, birimo impushya zo gutumiza mu mahanga, guhagarika ibicuruzwa, kubuza ubucuruzi, korohereza gasutamo n’ibindi.
Amategeko mashya y’ubucuruzi bw’amahanga mu Gushyingo
1. Politiki y’imisoro ku bicuruzwa byagarutsweho byoherezwa mu mahanga n’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka bikomeje gushyirwa mu bikorwa
2. Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi: Gukuraho byimazeyo imipaka ku ishoramari ry’amahanga mu nganda
3. Ibiciro by'imizigo byiyongereye ku nzira nyabagendwa hagati ya Aziya, Uburayi n'Uburayi.
4.Ubuholandi burekura ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga
5. Bangladesh ishyira mu bikorwa amabwiriza mashya yo kugenzura neza agaciro k’ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga
6. Amerika yemerera amasosiyete abiri yo muri Koreya guha ibikoresho inganda zayo zUbushinwa
7. Amerika yongeye gukaza imipaka ku bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu Bushinwa byongeye
8. Ubuhinde bwemerera kwinjiza mudasobwa zigendanwa na tableti nta nkomyi
9. Ubuhinde busaba inganda guhagarika gutumiza jute mbisi
10. Maleziya itekereza guhagarika e-ubucuruzi bwa TikTok
11. Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi washyizeho itegeko ribuza microplastique mu kwisiga
12. Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi urateganya guhagarika gukora, gutumiza no kohereza mu mahanga ibyiciro birindwi by’ibicuruzwa birimo mercure
1. Politiki y’imisoro ku bicuruzwa byagarutse byoherezwa mu mahanga n’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka bikomeje gushyirwa mu bikorwa
Mu rwego rwo gushyigikira iterambere ryihuse ry’imiterere n’ubucuruzi bishya nka e-ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka, Minisiteri y’Imari, Ubuyobozi rusange bwa gasutamo, n’ubuyobozi bwa Leta bw’imisoro iherutse gutanga itangazo ryo gukomeza gushyira mu bikorwa ishyirwa mu bikorwa politiki y’imisoro ku bicuruzwa byagarutsweho byoherezwa mu mahanga n’ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka. Iri tangazo riteganya ko ku imenyekanisha ryoherezwa mu mahanga hakurikijwe amategeko agenga kugenzura ibicuruzwa bya gasutamo byambukiranya imipaka (1210, 9610, 9710, 9810) hagati ya 30 Mutarama 2023 na 31 Ukuboza 2025, no mu mezi 6 uhereye igihe byoherejwe hanze, kubera Ibicuruzwa (ukuyemo ibiryo) bidashobora kugurishwa kandi bigasubizwa uko byari bimeze mbere kubera impamvu zo kugaruka bisonewe imisoro yatumijwe mu mahanga, umusoro ku nyongeragaciro, n’umusoro ku byaguzwe. Amahoro yoherezwa mu mahanga yakusanyijwe mugihe cyoherezwa mu mahanga yemerewe gusubizwa.
2. Minisiteri y'Ubucuruzi: Gukuraho byimazeyo ibihano ku ishoramari ry’amahanga mu nganda
Vuba aha, igihugu cyanjye cyatangaje ko "kizakuraho burundu amategeko abuza gushora imari mu mahanga mu nganda." Kurikiza byimazeyo amategeko mpuzamahanga y’ubukungu n’ubucuruzi yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, yubake urwego rwo hejuru rw’ubucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi, kandi wihutishe iyubakwa ry’ubucuruzi bw’ubucuruzi bwa Hainan. Guteza imbere imishyikirano no gushyira umukono ku masezerano y’ubucuruzi ku buntu n’amasezerano yo kurengera ishoramari n’ibihugu byinshi byubaka.
3. Ibiciro by'imizigo byiyongereye ku nzira nyabagendwa hagati ya Aziya, Uburayi n'Uburayi.
Ibiciro by'imizigo ku nzira nyamukuru zo kohereza ibicuruzwa byagarutsweho hirya no hino, hamwe n'ibiciro by'imizigo ku nzira ya Aziya n'Uburayi byazamutse. Muri iki cyumweru ibiciro by'imizigo ku nzira nyamukuru yo kohereza ibicuruzwa byongeye kwiyongera. Ibiciro by'imizigo ku nzira z’Uburayi n'Uburayi byiyongereyeho 32.4% na 10.1% ukwezi ku kwezi. Ibiciro by'imizigo ku nzira za Amerika-Iburengerazuba na Amerika-Iburasirazuba byiyongereye ukwezi ku kwezi. 9.7% na 7.4%.
4. Ubuholandi burekura ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga
Vuba aha, Ikigo cy’Ubuholandi gishinzwe umutekano w’ibiribwa n’umuguzi (NVWA) cyatanze uburyo bwo gutumiza mu mahanga ibiribwa, bizashyirwa mu bikorwa guhera umunsi byatangiwe. ibikubiyemo:
(1) Intego n'intera. Ibisabwa muri rusange byo gutumiza mu mahanga ibiryo bivangwa n’ibihugu bitari Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ntibikoreshwa ku bicuruzwa bidatunganijwe bikomoka ku nyamaswa, ibicuruzwa bikomoka ku nyamaswa bitarimo ibikomoka ku bimera, ibicuruzwa bigizwe n’ibicuruzwa bitunganijwe bikomoka ku nyamaswa n’ibikomoka ku bimera, nibindi.;
(2) Ibisobanuro nubunini bwibiryo bivanze. Ibicuruzwa nka surimi, tuna mu mavuta, foromaje y'ibyatsi, yogurt yimbuto, sosiso hamwe nudutsima twinshi turimo tungurusumu cyangwa soya ntabwo bifatwa nkibiryo bivanze;
(3) Kuzana ibintu. Ibicuruzwa byose bikomoka ku nyamaswa mu bicuruzwa bigomba guhuzwa bigomba guturuka mu masosiyete yanditswe na EU hamwe n’ibikomoka ku nyamaswa byemewe gutumizwa mu mahanga na EU; usibye gelatine, kolagen, nibindi.;
(4) Igenzura riteganijwe. Ibiribwa bivanze bigomba kugenzurwa aho bigenzura imipaka iyo byinjiye mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi (usibye ibiryo bivangwa n’ibihingwa, ibiryo byuzuzanya, hamwe n’ibiribwa bivanze birimo amata n’amagi gusa); ibiryo byuzuye byingirakamaro bigomba gutwarwa bikonje kubera ibisabwa byubwiza Ibiribwa ntibisonewe ubugenzuzi;
5. Bangladesh ishyira mu bikorwa amabwiriza mashya yo kugenzura byimazeyo agaciro k'ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga n'ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga
Ku ya 9 Ukwakira, “Financial Express” yo muri Bangladesh yatangaje ko mu rwego rwo gukumira igihombo cy’imisoro, gasutamo ya Bangladesh izashyiraho amabwiriza mashya kugira ngo isuzume neza agaciro k’ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga. Impamvu zishobora kugarukwaho mu mabwiriza mashya zirimo ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga n’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, inyandiko zabanje kurenga ku bicuruzwa, ingano yo gusubizwa imisoro, inyandiko zikoreshwa mu bubiko bw’ububiko, hamwe n’inganda abinjira mu mahanga, abatumiza mu mahanga cyangwa ababikora, n'ibindi. Nkurikije amabwiriza, nyuma yo gukuraho gasutamo. byo gutumiza no kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, gasutamo irashobora gusuzuma agaciro nyako k'ibicuruzwa hashingiwe kubikenewe.
6. Amerika yemerera amasosiyete abiri yo muri Koreya gutanga ibikoresho ku nganda zayo zo mu Bushinwa
Ibiro bishinzwe inganda n’umutekano muri Amerika (BIS) byatangaje amabwiriza mashya ku ya 13 Ukwakira, bivugurura uburenganzira rusange bwa Samsung na SK Hynix, ndetse harimo n’inganda z’ibigo byombi mu Bushinwa nk '“abakoresha ba nyuma bagenzuwe” (VEUs). Kwinjizwa kurutonde bivuze ko Samsung na SK Hynix batazakenera kubona izindi mpushya zo gutanga ibikoresho muruganda rwabo mubushinwa.
7. Amerika yongeye gukumira ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu Bushinwa mu Bushinwa
Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi muri Amerika yatangaje verisiyo ya 2.0 yo guhagarika chip ku ya 17. Usibye Ubushinwa, ibibujijwe ku bikoresho bigezweho ndetse n'ibikoresho byo gukora chip byaguwe mu bihugu byinshi birimo Irani n'Uburusiya. Muri icyo gihe, uruganda ruzwi cyane rwo gushushanya chip yo mu Bushinwa Biren Technology na Moore Thread hamwe nandi masosiyete ashyirwa mu kugenzura ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga “urutonde rw’ibigo”.
Ku ya 24 Ukwakira, Nvidia yatangaje ko yakiriye itangazo rya guverinoma y'Amerika risaba ko ingamba zo kugenzura ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga zishyirwa mu bikorwa ako kanya. Dukurikije amabwiriza mashya, Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi yo muri Amerika izagura kandi uburyo bwo kugabanya ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga ku mashami yo mu mahanga y’amasosiyete y’Abashinwa ndetse n’ibindi bihugu 21 n’uturere.
8. Ubuhinde buremerakwinjiza mudasobwa zigendanwa na tableti nta mbogamizi
Ku ya 19 Ukwakira, ku isaha yo mu karere, guverinoma y'Ubuhinde yatangaje ko izemerera kwinjiza mudasobwa zigendanwa na tableti nta mbogamizi maze itangiza uburyo bushya bwa “uburenganzira” bwagenewe gukurikirana ibyoherezwa mu mahanga ibyo bikoresho bitabangamiye isoko. Umubumbe.
Abayobozi bavuze ko “gahunda nshya yo gucunga ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga” izatangira gukurikizwa ku ya 1 Ugushyingo kandi isaba ibigo kwandikisha ingano n’agaciro k’ibitumizwa mu mahanga, ariko guverinoma ntizemera icyifuzo icyo ari cyo cyose cyatumizwa mu mahanga kandi izakoresha ayo makuru mu kugenzura.
S. Krishnan, umuyobozi mukuru muri Minisiteri y’ikoranabuhanga n’ikoranabuhanga mu Buhinde, yavuze ko ikigamijwe ari ukureba niba amakuru n’amakuru asabwa aboneka kugira ngo sisitemu yizewe yuzuye. Krishnan yongeyeho ko hashingiwe ku makuru yakusanyijwe, izindi ngamba zishobora gufatwa nyuma ya Nzeri 2024.
Ku ya 3 Kanama uyu mwaka, Ubuhinde bwatangaje ko buzagabanya kwinjiza mudasobwa ku giti cye, harimo mudasobwa zigendanwa na tableti, kandi amasosiyete agomba gusaba uruhushya mbere yo gusonerwa. Intambwe y’Ubuhinde ni iyo kuzamura inganda zikora ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki no kugabanya gushingira ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga. Icyakora, Ubuhinde bwahise busubika iki cyemezo kubera kunengwa n'inganda na guverinoma y'Amerika.
9. Ubuhinde busaba inganda guhagarika gutumiza jute mbisi
Guverinoma y'Ubuhinde iherutse gusaba uruganda rukora imyenda guhagarika gutumiza ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga kubera isoko ryinshi mu isoko ry’imbere. Ibiro bya Komiseri wa Jute, Minisiteri y’imyenda, byategetse abatumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga gutanga raporo y’ubucuruzi bwa buri munsi mu buryo bwagenwe bitarenze Ukuboza. Ibiro byasabye kandi urusyo kudatumiza ibicuruzwa bya jute ya TD 4 kugeza kuri TD 8 (nkurikije ibyiciro bya kera byakoreshwaga mu bucuruzi) kuko izo variants ziraboneka kubitangwa bihagije ku isoko ryimbere mu gihugu.
10.Maleziya itekereza kubuzaTikToke-ubucuruzi
Nk’uko ibitangazamakuru byo mu mahanga biherutse kubitangaza, guverinoma ya Maleziya irimo gusuzuma politiki isa na guverinoma ya Indoneziya kandi itekereza guhagarika ubucuruzi bwa e-bucuruzi ku mbuga nkoranyambaga TikTok. Amavu n'amavuko yiyi politiki arasubiza ibibazo byabaguzi kubyerekeye irushanwa ryibiciro byibicuruzwa nibibazo byibanga ryamakuru ku iduka rya TikTok.
11.Umuryango w'ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi washyizeho itegeko ribuza microplastique mu kwisiga
Nk’uko raporo zibyerekana, Komisiyo y’Uburayi yemeje itegeko ribuza kongeramo ibintu bya microplastique nka glitteri nyinshi mu kwisiga. Ibibujijwe bireba ibicuruzwa byose bitanga microplastique iyo bikoreshejwe kandi bigamije kubuza toni 500.000 za microplastique kwinjira mubidukikije. Ibintu nyamukuru biranga uduce twa plastike tugira uruhare mu kubuza ni uko ari ntoya ya milimetero eshanu, idashobora gushonga mu mazi kandi bigoye kuyitesha agaciro. Imiti, ifumbire hamwe nudukoko twangiza udukoko, ibikinisho nibicuruzwa bya farumasi nabyo birashobora gusabwa kutagira microplastique mugihe kiri imbere, mugihe ibicuruzwa byinganda bitabujijwe kugeza ubu. Iri tegeko rizatangira gukurikizwa ku ya 15 Ukwakira.Icyiciro cya mbere cyo kwisiga kirimo glitteri irekuye kizahita kigurishwa ako kanya, kandi nibindi bicuruzwa bizakenera igihe cyinzibacyuho.
12.UwitekaEUgahunda yo guhagarika gukora, gutumiza no kohereza mu mahanga ibyiciro birindwi byibicuruzwa birimo mercure
Vuba aha, Ikinyamakuru cy’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi cyasohoye amabwiriza agenga komisiyo y’Uburayi (EU) 2023/2017, giteganya guhagarika ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, gutumiza mu mahanga no gukora ibyiciro birindwi by’ibicuruzwa birimo mercure muri EU. Iri tegeko rizashyirwa mu bikorwa guhera ku ya 31 Ukuboza 2025. By'umwihariko harimo: amatara magufi ya fluorescent; amatara akonje ya cathode fluorescent (CCFL) n'amatara yo hanze ya electrode fluorescent (EEFL) z'uburebure bwose kugirango yerekanwe kuri elegitoroniki; gushonga ibyuma byumuvuduko, gushiramo imiyoboro yumuvuduko no gushonga ibyuma byumuvuduko; mercure irimo pompe vacuum; Kuringaniza amapine hamwe nuburemere bwibiziga; amafoto n'impapuro; moteri ya satelite hamwe nicyogajuru.
Ibicuruzwa bikenewe mu kurinda umutekano w’abaturage n’intego za gisirikare n’ibicuruzwa bikoreshwa mu bushakashatsi birasonerwa iri tegeko.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-07-2023