1. Chigadzirwa chekuongorora mhando yehupoti ine
Igwaro rinoratidza zvabuda pabvunzo nemhedziso. Inopa ruzivo pamusoro pemigumisiro yakawanikwa nemasangano ekuedza pane zvigadzirwa zvakatumirwa nevatengi. Inogona kunge iri peji rimwe chete kana mazana emapeji akawanda.
Chirevo chebvunzo chinoenderana nezvinodiwa zveZvinyorwa 5.8.2 uye 5.8.3 zve "Laboratory Qualification Assessment Guidelines" (yemarabhoritari ane mukurumbira) uye ISO/IEC17025 "Maitiro Ekubvumidzwa Kwekuedzwa uye Calibration Laboratories" Zvinyorwa 5.10. 2 uye 5.10. 5.10.3 Zvinodiwa (zvemarabhoritari akatenderwa neCNAS) zvichaunganidzwa.
2 Ndeupi ruzivo runofanira kunge rwune mushumo webvunzo?
General test report inofanirwa kunge iine ruzivo rwunotevera:
1) Musoro (senge bvunzo repoti, bvunzo reti, chitupa chekuongorora, chigadzirwa chekuongorora chitupa, nezvimwewo), serial nhamba, mvumo logo (CNAS / CMA / CAL, nezvimwewo) uye serial nhamba;
2) Zita nekero yerabhoritari, nzvimbo inoitirwa bvunzo (kana yakasiyana nekero yerabhoritari); kana zvichidikanwa, ipa murabhoritari runhare, e-mail, webhusaiti, nezvimwe;
3) Kuzivikanwa kwakasarudzika kwechinyorwa chebvunzo (senge nhamba yeshumo) uye chiziviso pane yega yega peji (report nhamba + peji # yemapeji #) kuve nechokwadi chekuti peji iri chikamu chemushumo webvunzo, uye kuratidza kupera kwe chiziviso chakajeka chemushumo webvunzo;
4) Zita nekero yemutengi (iye anochengetesa bato, iyo yakaongororwa bato);
5) Kuzivikanwa kweiyo nzira inoshandiswa (kusanganisira hwaro hwesampling, kuongorora uye kutonga) (chiyero nhamba uye zita);
6) Tsanangudzo, chimiro (chitsva uye chekare chechigadzirwa, zuva rekugadzira, nezvimwewo) uye zvakajeka kuzivikanwa (nhamba) yezvinhu zvekuongorora;
7) Zuva rekugamuchira zvinhu zvekuyedzwa uye zuva rakaitwa bvunzo, izvo zvakakosha kune chokwadi uye kushandiswa kwemhedzisiro;
8) tsananguro yehurongwa hwesampling uye maitiro anoshandiswa nerabhoritari kana imwe sangano, zvinoenderana nehuchokwadi kana kushandiswa kwemhedzisiro;
9) Mibairo yebvunzo, pazvinoshanda, ine mayuniti ekuyera;
10) Zita, zita, siginecha kana chiziviso chakafanana chemunhu anotendera mushumo webvunzo;
11) Kana zvakakodzera, chirevo chekuti mhedzisiro inoenderana chete nechinhu chiri kuedzwa. Tsananguro dzinodiwa, dzakadai sekuwedzera ruzivo rwakakumbirwa nemutengi, imwe tsananguro pamusoro pemamiriro ekuongorora, nzira kana mhedziso (kusanganisira izvo zvakadzimwa kubva padanho rekutanga rebasa), nezvimwewo;
12) Kana chikamu chebasa rekuongorora chiri pasi pechibvumirano, migumisiro yechikamu ichi inofanira kuonekwa zvakajeka;
13) Zvishandiso, zvinosanganisira: dhiyabhorosi dhizaini, dhizaini yedunhu, curve, foto, rondedzero yemidziyo yekuyedza, nezvimwe.
3.Kuronga kwemishumo yebvunzo
Mamiriro emushumo wekuongorora anowanzo kuratidza chinangwa chekuongorora, ndiko kuti, nei ongororo yakaitwa. Zvivakwa zvekuongorora zvakajairwa zvinosanganisira kutariswa, kutarisisa, kuongorora zvitupa, kuongorora rezenisi rekugadzira, nezvimwewo. Kuongorora kwakatenderwa kunowanzoitwa nebato rakapihwa kuti ritonge mhando yechigadzirwa; kutarisisa uye kuongorora kunowanzo kurongwa nemasangano ehurumende ekutonga kuti atarise kunaka kwechigadzirwa. Uye kushandiswa; kuongororwa kwezvitupa uye kuongororwa rezinesi kunowanzo kuongororwa kunoitwa nemunyoreri kuti atore chitupa.
4. Ndeupi ruzivo runofanira kunge rwune mushumo wesampling test?
Chirevo chesampling test chichava neruzivo rwesampling unit, munhu wesampling, batch inomiririrwa nesample, nzira yesampling (random), huwandu hwesampling, uye mamiriro ekuisa chisimbiso sampuli.
Chirevo chebvunzo chinofanira kupa zita, modhi, yakatarwa, chiratidzo uye rumwe ruzivo rwemuenzaniso, uye kana zvichidikanwa, mugadziri uye kugadzira (kugadzirisa) zita nekero.
5. Nzira yekunzwisisa sei ruzivo rwenheyo yekuongorora mumushumo wekuongorora?
Chirevo chakazara chebvunzo chinofanirwa kupa zviyero zvesampling, nzira dzekuyedza, uye mhedzisiro yekutonga miyero pakavakirwa bvunzo mumushumo uyu. Aya mazinga anogona kuve akaiswa mune chimwe chigadzirwa chiyero, kana anogona kunge akapatsanurwa mwero kubva kumhando dziri pamusoro.
6. Ndezvipi zvinhu zvekuongorora zvezvakajairwa zvigadzirwa?
General chigadzirwa chekuongorora zvinhu zvinosanganisira kutaridzika, logo, kuita kwechigadzirwa, uye kuchengetedza kuita. Kana zvichidikanwa, kuchinjika kwezvakatipoteredza, kusimba (kana hupenyu bvunzo) uye kuvimbika kwechigadzirwa kunofanirwawo kuverengerwa.
Kazhinji kutaura, ongororo dzese dzinoitwa zvinoenderana neyakatemwa zviyero. Iyo inoenderana tekinoroji zviratidzo uye zvinodikanwa zvinowanzo kurongerwa kune yega yega parameter mune zviyero zvakabva pakuongorora. Izvi zviratidzo zvinowanzowanikwa chete pasi pemamwe mamiriro ekuyedzwa, kune chimwe chigadzirwa pasi pemamiriro akasiyana ebvunzo, mhedzisiro dzakasiyana dzinogona kuwanikwa, uye yakazara bvunzo mushumo inofanirwa kupa zviratidzo zvekutonga kwekuita kwega kwega uye nzira dzinoenderana dzekuedza. Mamiriro ekuona ekupedzisa mapurojekiti ane hukama anowanzo sanganisira: tembiricha, humidity, ruzha kwezvakatipoteredza, magetsi emagetsi emunda, bvunzo voltage kana zvazvino, uye zvishandiso zvekushandisa giya (sekutambanudza kumhanya) zvinokanganisa purojekiti paramita.
7.Kunzwisisa sei ruzivo mune bvunzo mhinduro uye mhedziso uye zvazvinoreva?
Chirevo chebvunzo chinofanirwa kupa mhedzisiro yebvunzo dzeyedzo paramita dzakapedzwa nerabhoritari. Kazhinji, mhedzisiro yebvunzo inoumbwa neiyo bvunzo paramita (zita), chiyero chekuyera chinoshandiswa kune bvunzo paramita, nzira dzekuyedza uye mamiriro ebvunzo, bvunzo data uye mhedzisiro yemasampuli, nezvimwewo. Dzimwe nguva marabhoritari inopawo iyo data. inoenderana neiyo bvunzo paramita uye imwechete-chinhu qualification kutonga zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nevatengi vanopa vatengi. kufambisa kushandiswa kweshumo.
Kune dzimwe ongororo, marabhoritari inofanirwa kuita mhedziso yebvunzo iyi. Maitiro ekutaura mhedziso yebvunzo inyaya yekuchenjerera kwakanyanya kurabhoritari. Kuti utaure nemazvo uye nemazvo mhedziso yebvunzo, mhedziso yemushumo webvunzo inopiwa nerabhoritari inogona kuratidzwa nenzira dzakasiyana siyana. Mhedziso dzekuongorora dzinosanganisira: chigadzirwa chakakodzera, cheki yenzvimbo yechigadzirwa chakakodzera, zvakaongororwa zvinhu zvinogoneka, zvinoenderana nezviyero, nezvimwewo. Mushandisi weshumo anofanira kunyatsonzwisisa zvinorehwa zvakasiyana zvemhedzisiro iyi, zvikasadaro mushumo wekuongorora unogona kushandiswa zvisiri izvo. Semuenzaniso, kana zvinhu zvakaongororwa zvinokodzera, zvinongoreva kuti zvinhu zvakaongororwa mumushumo zvinosangana nezvinodiwa, asi hazvirevi kuti chigadzirwa chose chinokodzera, nokuti zvimwe zvinhu hazvina kuongororwa zvakakwana, saka hazvibviri. kutonga kuti vanokodzera here kana kuti kwete.
8.Pane nguva yakatarwa yenguva yechokwadi ye "Product Quality Inspection Report"?
Mishumo yekuongorora mhando yechigadzirwa kazhinji haina zuva rekupera. Nekudaro, mushandisi wemushumo anogona kutonga kana iyo report yawanikwa ichigona kugamuchirwa uye kutaurwa zvinoenderana neruzivo rwakadai sehupenyu hwesherufu uye hupenyu hwesevhisi yechigadzirwa. Kutariswa nekuongororwa zvisina tsarukano kwedhipatimendi rekutarisa kwemhando kunowanzo kurongwa kamwe pagore. Naizvozvo, zvakanakisa kusabvuma kutariswa uye kuongorora mushumo unopfuura gore. Kune zvakajairwa mishumo yebvunzo, pane zviratidzo kana mirairo pamushumo: "Chete basa remasamples", saka, kuvimbika kweiyo mishumo yebvunzo kunofanirwa kunge kwakadzikira uye nguva inofanirwa kuve ipfupi.
9.How to verify the identity of the product quality inspection report?
Kuongororwa kwechigadzirwa chekuongorora mhando kunofanirwa kubvunzwa nesangano rekuongorora rakapa mushumo. Parizvino, masangano makuru ekuongorora akagadzira mawebhusaiti, uye anopa ruzivo rwemubvunzo kune vetizens pawebhusaiti. Nekudaro, nekuti iyo agency yekuongorora ine basa rekuchengeta ruzivo rwemhando yechigadzirwa chebhizinesi rakaongororwa zvakavanzika, ruzivo runowanzo kupihwa pawebhusaiti ishoma.
10. Nzira yekuziva sei mucherechedzo pamushumo wekuongorora mhando yechigadzirwa?
CNAS (Laboratory National Accreditation Mark) inogona kushandiswa mumarabhoritari accreditation neChina National Accreditation Service nokuda Conformity Ongororo maererano CNAS accreditation mitemo uye nhungamiro; CMA (Laboratory Qualification Accreditation Metrology Accreditation Mark) maererano nerabhoritari kubvumidzwa (chiyero chekuyerwa) nhungamiro Marabhoritari akapfuura ongororo yekubvumidzwa anogona kushandiswa (mutemo wechiyero unoda: masangano ese ekuongorora anoburitsa data rakaringana kunzanga anofanira kupfuudza chiyero chekuyerwa, saka mushumo webvunzo une logo iyi unofanirwa kushandiswa seyedzo yekusimbisa);
Pamusoro pezvo, sangano rega rega rekuongorora rinoshandisawo chiratidzo charo pamushumo, kunyanya masangano ekuongorora ekunze ane chitupa chavo.
11. Zvinotora nguva yakareba sei kubva pakukumbira kuongororwa kusvika pakuwana gwaro rekuongorora?
Nguva yekupedzisa yebasa rekuongorora uye mushumo inotarwa nenhamba yekutarisa parameter inotarwa nehunyanzvi zviyero izvo chigadzirwa chinoongororwa uye nguva yekuongorora yeparameter yega yega. Kazhinji, ihuwandu hwenguva inodiwa kuti upedze ese maparamita ekuongorora, pamwe nekugadzirira uye kuburitsa mishumo yekuongorora. nguva, hwerengedzo yenguva mbiri idzi inguva yekuongorora. Nokudaro, kana zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana uye chigadzirwa chimwe chete chikaongororwa kune zvakasiyana-siyana, nguva yekuongorora yakawanda yakasiyana. Kumwe kuongorora kwechigadzirwa kunongotora mazuva 1-2 kuti kupedze, nepo kumwe kuongorora kwechigadzirwa kunotora mwedzi kana kunyange mwedzi yakati wandei (kana paine zvinhu zvenguva refu zvekuongorora paramende senge bvunzo yehupenyu, bvunzo yekuchembera, kuvimbika bvunzo, nezvimwewo). (Mupepeti: Yenguva yekuyedza zvinhu ndeye 5-10 mazuva ekushanda.)
12.Ndezvipi zvinhu zvikuru zvinokanganisa kunaka kwechigadzirwa chekuongorora mishumo?
Dambudziko iri ihombe, uye zvakaoma kuritsanangura nemitsara mishoma iri nyore. Kubva pamaonero emasangano ekuongorora, manejimendi edu emurabhoritari akavakirwa pazvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinodzora kunaka kwemishumo yekuongorora. Izvi zvinhu zvinoitwa kuburikidza neakasiyana ekutarisa malink (kugamuchirwa kwebhizinesi, sampling, gadziriro yemuenzaniso, kuongorora, kurekodha uye kuverenga kwedata, uye yekuongorora mhedzisiro yekushuma). Zvinowanzotariswa kuti zvinhu izvi zvinosanganisira: vashandi, zvivakwa uye mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza, zvishandiso, kuteedzera huwandu, nzira dzekuyedza, sampling uye manejimendi emasampula ekuyedza, kutonga kwemarekodhi ekuyedza nemishumo, nezvimwe.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-30-2022