Muna Ndira 2022, chibvumirano chedunhu chakakwana chekudyidzana kwehupfumi (RCEP) chakatanga kushanda, chichibata nyika gumi dzeASEAN, China, Japan, South Korea, Australia neNew Zealand. Nyika gumi neshanu dziri nhengo dzinosanganisira chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chehuwandu hwepasi rose, uye huwandu hwadzinotengeswa kunze kwenyika hunoita 30% yehuwandu hwepasi rose. Muna 2021, China yakatumira kunze 562.31 bhiriyoni yuan yemachira nezvipfeko kunyika dziri nhengo dzeRCEP, ichiverengera 27.6% yeChina yakazara kukosha kwekutengesa kunze kwemachira nembatya. Sekureva kwenyika imwe chete, pakati pemisika gumi yepamusoro yekutengesa micheka nembatya yekuChina, nyika dziri nhengo dzeRCEP dzinotora shanu, dzinoti Japan, Vietnam, South Korea, Australia neMalaysia, ine 129.51 bhiriyoni yuan, 113.78 bhiriyoni yuan, 65.02 bhiriyoni. yuan, 44.07 bhiriyoni yuan uye 41.93 bhiriyoni yuan zvichiteerana, inoverengera 6.4%, 5.6%, 3.2%, 2.2% uye 2.1% yehuwandu hwekutengesa kunze ukoshi hwemachira nembatya dzekuChina.
Schematic dhizaini yeChina machira uye zvipfeko zvinotengeswa kune dzimwe nyika dzeRCEP muna 2021
Kuti tiite zvirinani zvinodikanwa zve "kunyanya kutarisisa uye kudzidza matanho ekutengesa ehunyanzvi enyika dzenhengo dzeRCEP" mumaonero anotungamira eMinistry of Commerce nemamwe madhipatimendi matanhatu pamusoro pekuitwa kwemhando yepamusoro kwechibvumirano chekudyidzana kwehupfumi chedunhu. (RCEP), isu tave kuunganidza nekugadzirisa hunyanzvi hwekutengesa matanho eRCEP machira nezvipfeko, nechinangwa chekupa nhungamiro kumabhizinesi emachira uye embatya kuvandudza musika weRCEP.
Japani
01 chiremera chekutonga
Mashizha eJapan anodzora kunze kwembatya anosanganisira Bazi rezvehutano, vashandi nekugara zvakanaka (MHLW), Ministry of Economic, indasitiri (METI), iyo Consumer Affairs agency (CAA) neJapan tsika uye Tariff Bureau. 02 mirairo yehunyanzvi uye zviyero
Izvo zvinodikanwa zvemhando yepamusoro zvemachira uye zvipfeko zvinotsanangurwa mumutemo wemhando yemhando yezvigadzirwa zvemumba ① uye mirairo yemhando yemalebula emachira ②. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, ona JIS L 0001:2014 kuzivikanwa kwekuwacha uye kugadzirisa mavara emucheka ③. Mutemo wekutonga kwezvinhu zvine njodzi muzvinyorwa zvemumba ④ nemitemo yekushandisa kwayo ⑤ kudzora zvinhu zvine njodzi mumachira nembatya, uye kunyora mazita, zvigadzirwa zvinoshanda uye nzira dzekuyedza dzezvinhu zvine njodzi. Rondedzero yezviyero zvekudzora zvezvinhu zvine njodzi muzvinyorwa zvemba ⑥ zvinowedzera zvinotarisirwa. Chirevo chekutonga pamusoro pekudzokororwa kwechikamu chemutemo wekusimbisa pawongororo nekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvemakemikari ⑦ inotaura kuti kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kwemachira nezvipfeko zvine perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) nemunyu wayo zvinorambidzwa. Chisungo 8-3 chemutemo wekudzivirira moto ⑧ inotaura nezvekuita kwekupisa uye kudiwa kwemavara emamwe machira uye zvipfeko. Ona zvinhu zvakakodzera ⑨ yeJapan Fire Protection Association kuti uwane ruzivo. Mutemo wemhosva yechigadzirwa ⑩ unotaura kuti mugadziri anofanirwa kutakura mutoro werufu, kukuvara kana kukuvadzwa kwepfuma kunokonzerwa nekukanganiswa kwechigadzirwa (senge tsono dzakatyoka). Pamusoro pezvo, zvigadzirwa zvemachira nezvipfeko zvinoshandisa makushe kana dehwe zvinodawo kuzadzisa zvinodiwa neWashington Convention, mutemo wekuvhima wekuchengetedza mhuka dzesango, Livestock Infectious Disease Control Act, uye mutemo wekuchengetedza mhuka dzesango dziri mungozi.
03 kuenderana kwekuongorora maitiro
1. Mushure mokunge micheka yakatengeswa kunze kwenyika uye zvipfeko zviedzwa nesangano rakasarudzwa kuti rienderane neJapan JIS industrial standards, mucherechedzo weJIS unogona kuiswa pane zvigadzirwa, zvichiratidza kuti vakawana chitupa cheJIS cheJapan Industrial Standards Investigation Association. Aya anotevera zviratidzo anoshandiswa kubva kuruboshwe kuenda kurudyi kuratidza kuti chigadzirwa chinoenderana neJIS chigadzirwa zviyero; Zviratidzo zvinoenderana nekugadzirisa zviyero zvehunyanzvi; Chiratidzo chinopindirana nezviyero zveJIS zvinotsanangura zvimwe zvakakosha zvakaita sekuita, kuchengetedza, nezvimwe.
2. Machira uye zvipfeko zvinogona zvakare kusungirirwa nemamaki ekuzvidira ekufanirwa, akadai seSIF mamaki (chitupa chemhando yepamusoro zvigadzirwa zveJapan machira emhando neTekinoroji Center), sirika mucherechedzo (zvigadzirwa zvakasimbiswa neInternational silk textile association zvinogadzirwa ne100% sirika. ), hemp mark (chitupa chemhando yepamusoro zvigadzirwa zveJapan linen, ramie uye jute Textile Manufacturers Association), SEK mucherechedzo (zvigadzirwa zvakasimbiswa neJapan Textile Function Evaluation Association) uye Q mark (chitupa chemhando yepamusoro zvigadzirwa zveQ mark Committee) . 3. Bazi rezvehupfumi, kutengeserana uye indasitiri yeJapan rinotarisira musika kuburikidza nekutarisa panzvimbo nenzvimbo uye kuzivisa veruzhinji, uye richazivisa mugadziri kana mutengesi kuti agadzirise machira uye zvipfeko zvisina kukodzera kana zvisina kunyorwa maererano nemirairo iri pamusoro. Kana mutyairi webhizinesi akatadza kugadzirisa nenguva, mushandiri webhizinesi anotongerwa kugara mujeri kwenguva isingapfuuri gore rimwe uye faindi isingapfuure miriyoni imwe yen maererano nezvinodiwa nemutemo wekuJapan wemaindasitiri.
04 mazano anodziya
Mabhizinesi anotengesa micheka nembatya anofanirwa kutarisisa kutariswa kwezvinhu zvinokuvadza zvezvigadzirwa zvemumba muJapan, kunyanya zvinhu zvisina kutaurwa mumiyero inosungirwa yemachira eChina uye zvipfeko, senge zvinodzoreredza moto, mishonga inouraya zvipembenene, fungicide uye mold proof yekupedzisa vamiririri, perfluorooctanoic. acid (PFOA) nemunyu wayo. Japan inoda kuti iyo formaldehyde yezvigadzirwa zvevana vari pasi pemwedzi makumi maviri nemana yezera inofanira kunge isingasviki 16mg/kg, iyo yakaoma kupfuura zvinopihwa GB 18401 (20mg/kg) muChina. Attention inofanirawo kubhadharwa. Pamusoro pezvo, Japan ine zvinodiwa zvakasimba zvetsono dzakatyoka, uye zvipfeko zvinounzwa kunze kwenyika zvinofanirwa kupasa ongororo yetsono dzakatyoka. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti mabhizinesi ashandise michina yekuongorora tsono kusimbisa kuongorora.
Vhetinamu
01 chiremera chekutonga
Machira eVietnam ekuchengetedza machira uye zvipfeko mwero akagadzirwa neGeneral Administration yezviyero, metrology uye mhando (stameq) pasi peBazi resainzi uye tekinoroji, iro rinotarisira kumira, metrology, kugadzirwa uye manejimendi emhando. Bazi rezvemaindasitiri nekutengeserana ndiro rinoona nezvekuchengetedzwa kwemachira nembatya. Bazi reSainzi neTekinoroji riri pasi peBazi rinoona nezvekuongorora pamwe nekuongorora mafaera ekunyoreswa kwebhizinesi ezvitupa, evaluation uye kuyedza masangano, uye dhipatimendi rakakwana rekutungamira misika riri pasi pebazi rinoona nezve kuronga nekutungamira zvikamu zvemusika wemapurovhinzi nemakanzuru zvakananga. pasi pehurumende yepakati kuongorora, kutonga uye kubata nekutyorwa kwechigadzirwa nemhando yemitemo. Micheka nembatya zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika zvichaburitswa netsika.
02 mirairo yehunyanzvi uye zviyero
Machira eVietnam uye zvipfeko zvehunyanzvi mirau ndeye qcvn: 01 / 2017 / BCT yenyika tekinoroji mirau pane zviri mukati me formaldehyde uye azo dhayi anogona kuora kuita anonhuhwirira amine mumachira (mirau yakabudiswa 21 / 2017 / tt-bct ⑪ uye zvinotevera zvinogadziriswa 20087 / 087 / tt-bct ⑫ uye 20 / 2018 / tt-bct ⑬). Iyo commodity labeling mirau ⑭ inotsanangudza zvinodikanwa zvekunyora kwezvinhu zvinotengeswa muVietnam. Iwo mavara anofanirwa kunyorwa muVietnamese, kusanganisira fiber kuumbwa, tekinoroji yakatarwa, yambiro ruzivo, kushandisa uye kuchengetedza mirairo, gore rekugadzira, nezvimwe.
03 kuenderana kwekuongorora maitiro
1. Zvigadzirwa uye zvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa mumusika weVietnamese zvinofanirwa kuenderana nezvinodiwa zveqcvn: 01 / 2017 / BCT yenyika hunyanzvi mirairo pane zvirimo zve formaldehyde uye azo dyes izvo zvinogona kuparara kuita anonhuhwirira amine mumachira; Maererano neNo. 2. Kupinza uye kutumira kunze kwetsika mvumo muVietnam kunoda zvinyorwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvakatsanangurwa muna 38 / 2015 / tt-btc ⑰, 39 / 2018 / tt-btc ⑱, 60 / 2019 / tt-btc ⑲ uye 06 / 2021 / tt-btc datedc Ndira 22, 2021. Mukuwedzera, nekuda kwekushandiswa kwemutemo mutsva wetsika, electronic customs clearance inofanira kuitwa musimboti.
04 mazano anodziya
Zvirambidzo pazvinhu zvinokuvadza mumachira uye zvipfeko muVietnam zvakasununguka kupfuura izvo zviri kuChina. Semuenzaniso, zvinodiwa zve formaldehyde muzvinyorwa zvevacheche nevana vadiki vari pasi pemwedzi makumi matatu nematanhatu hazvisi kupfuura 30mg / kg (20mg / kg muChina), uye 22 azo zvinhu hazvisi kupfuura 30mg / kg (24 azo zvinhu hazvisi zvakawanda. kupfuura 20mg / kg muChina). Kutumira kunze kuVietnam kunotarisisa pane zvinodiwa neqcvn: 01 / 2017 / BCT yenyika tekinoroji mirau pane zvirimo zve formaldehyde uye azo dhayi anogona kuora kuita mamines anonhuhwirira mumachira, senge chiratidzo chekuenderana uye kuzivisa kwekuenderana.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-22-2022