Strategy yekusimudzira musika weVietnam wokune dzimwe nyika.
1. Ndezvipi zvigadzirwa zviri nyore kutumira kuVietnam
Kutengeserana kweVietnam nenyika dzakavakidzana kwakasimukira zvikuru, uye ine hukama hwepedyo hwehupfumi neChina, South Korea, Japan, United States, Thailand nedzimwe nyika, uye huwandu hwayo hwekutenga nekutengesa kunze kwenyika gore negore huri kuwedzerawo. Zvinoenderana nedata rakaburitswa neGeneral Statistics Hofisi yeVietnam, kubva muna Ndira kusvika Chikunguru 2019, kutengeswa kweVietnam kwaive US $ 145.13 bhiriyoni, gore negore kuwedzera kwe7.5%; kunze kwenyika kwaive US$143.34 bhiriyoni, kuwedzera kwegore negore kwe8.3%. Iko kukosha kwezvose zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika uye kunze kwenyika kwemwedzi ye7 yaiva 288.47 mabhiriyoni emadhora ekuAmerica. Kubva munaNdira kusvika Chikunguru 2019, United States yaive musika mukuru weVietnam kunze kwenyika, nekutengesa kunze kwenyika kwe32.5 bhiriyoni emadhora ekuAmerica, kuwedzera kwegore negore kwe25.4%; Kutengeswa kweVietnam kuEU kwaiva 24.32 mabhiriyoni emadhora ekuAmerica, gore negore kuwedzera kwe0.4%; Kutengeswa kweVietnam kuChina kwaive mabhiriyoni makumi maviri emadhora ekuAmerica, kuwedzera kwegore negore kwe0.1%. nyika yangu ndiyo tsime guru reVietnam rekutenga kunze kwenyika. Kubva muna Ndira kusvika Chikunguru, Vietnam yakaunza US $42 bhiriyoni kubva kuChina, gore-pa-gore kuwedzera kwe16.9%. Kutengeswa kweSouth Korea kuVietnam kwaiva US$26.6 bhiriyoni, kuderera kwegore negore kwe0.8%; Kutengeswa kweASEAN kuVietnam kwaiva US $ 18.8 bhiriyoni, kuwedzera kwegore negore kwe5.2%.Kutengeswa kweVietnam kunonyanya kusanganisira zvikamu zvitatu: zvinhu zvekutengesa (accounting for 30% of imports), zvigadzirwa zvepakati (accounting for 60%) uye zvinhu zvevatengi ( kuverenga kwe10%). China ndiyo inonyanya kutengesa mari uye zvigadzirwa zvepakati kuVietnam. Kukwikwidza kusina kusimba kwebazi rezvemaindasitiri emuVietnam kwakamanikidza makambani mazhinji akazvimirira uye kunyange makambani ehurumende yeVietnam kuunza michina nemidziyo kubva kuChina. Vietnam inonyanya kupinza michina, zvishandiso zvemidziyo, macomputer emagetsi zvikamu, machira, mbishi shangu dzematehwe, nhare uye zvemagetsi zvikamu, uye mota dzekutakura kubva kuChina. Pamusoro peChina, Japan neSouth Korea zvakare ndiwo maviri makuru masosi ekutenga kweVietnam muchina, zvishandiso, maturusi uye zvishongedzo.
2. Mirayiridzo yekutumira kuVietnam
01 Chitupa chekwakabva Kana chikakumbirwa nevatengi veVietnamese, general chitupa CO kana China-ASEAN chitupa chekwakabva FOMU E inogona kuiswa, uye FORM E inogona kushandiswa chete munyika dzakati dzeChina-ASEAN kutengeserana kwemahara, sekutumira kunze kwenyika kuBrunei. . Bureau kana China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, asi inoda kutanga yaiswa; kana pasina rekodhi, unogona zvakare kuwana mumiriri kuti aiburitse, ingopa runyoro rwekurongedza uye invoice, uye chitupa chinopihwa mukati mezuva rimwe rekushanda.
Pamusoro pezvo, iwe unofanirwa kuterera kuita FORM E nguva pfupi yadarika, zvinodikanwa zvichange zvakaomarara. Kana iwe uchitsvaga mumiriri, saka ese magwaro emvumo yetsika (bhiri rekutakura, kondirakiti, FE) anofanira kunge aine musoro wakafanana. Kana mutengesi ari iye mugadziri, tsananguro yekutakura icharatidza izwi rekuti MANUFACTURE, uye wobva wawedzera musoro nekero yemutengesi. Kana paine kambani yekumhiri kwemakungwa, ipapo kambani yekumahombekombe inoratidzwa pasi pekutsanangurwa muchikamu chechinomwe, uyezve 13-yechitatu invoice inoiswa chiratidzo, uye kambani yeChinese mainland inopa mumiriri kuti aburitse chitupa, uye chinhu chegumi netatu hachigone. be ticked. Zvakanakisa kusarudza vatengi veVietnamese vane simba rakasimba rekubvumidza tsika kuti udzivise matambudziko asina basa.
02 Nzira yekubhadhara Nzira yekubhadhara inowanzoshandiswa nevatengi veVietnamese ndeye T/T kana L/C. Kana iri OEM, zviri nani kuita musanganiswa weT/T uye L/C, izvo zvakachengeteka.
Teerera kune T / T: mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairika, 30% inobhadharwa mberi, uye 70% inobhadharwa isati yarodha, asi vatengi vatsva vane mukana wepamusoro wekusabvumirana. Paunenge uchiita L / C, unofanirwa kuterera: Kurongedzerwa kweVietnam kupfupi, uye nguva yekuendesa yeL / C ichave ipfupi, saka iwe unofanirwa kudzora nguva yekuendesa; vamwe vatengi veVietnamese vanozogadzira zvisirizvo mutsamba yechikwereti, saka iwe unofanirwa kutevedzera zvizere tsamba yechikwereti Ruzivo rwuri pawebhusaiti rwakafanana chaizvo negwaro. Usabvunze mutengi kuti anoigadzirisa sei, ingotevera kugadziridzwa.
03 Customs clearance maitiro
Muna Nyamavhuvhu 2017, chikamu chechitatu cheChitsauko 25 cheChisungo che8 chakaziviswa nehurumende yeVietnam chinoti muparidzi wetsika anofanira kupa ruzivo rwakakwana uye rwakarurama rwezvinhu kuitira kuti zvinhu zvibviswe nenguva. Izvi zvinoreva: Tsananguro yezvigadzirwa zvisina kunaka / isina kukwana uye kutakura kusingazivikanwe kunogona kurambwa netsika dzenzvimbo. Naizvozvo, tsananguro yakazara yezvinhu inofanirwa kupihwa pane invoice, kusanganisira mhando, zita rechigadzirwa, modhi, zvinhu, huwandu, kukosha, mutengo weyuniti uye rumwe ruzivo. Mutengi anofanira kuona kuti huremu huri pawaybill hunoenderana nehuremu hwakaziviswa nemutengi kune tsika. Kusiyana pakati pehuremu hwakafanotaurwa (mutengi pamavambo) uye huremu chaihwo hwakayerwa hunogona kukonzera kunonotsa kubvumidzwa kwetsika. Vatengi vanofanira kuona kuti ruzivo rwese panzira, kusanganisira huremu, hwakarurama.
04 mutauro
Mutauro unonyanya kushandiswa muVietnam iVietnamese. Mukuwedzera, French zvakare yakakurumbira zvikuru. Vanamuzvinabhizinesi vekuVietnam kazhinji vane Chirungu chisina kunaka.
05 Manetiweki Kana iwe uchida kuita bhizinesi muVietnam, iwe unogona kuita yakawedzera manzwiro ekudyara nevaunoshanda navo, ndiko kuti, kuva nevakawanda vanobatika nevanoita sarudzo kuvaka hukama uye kubvisa hukama. Kubata kwebhizinesi muVietnam kunoisa zvakanyanya kusimba pahukama hwemunhu. Kune veVietnamese, kuve "mumwe wedu" kana kutorwa se "mumwe wedu" kune mabhenefiti akakwana, uye inogona kunzi ndiyo kiyi yekubudirira kana kukundikana. Izvo hazvitore mamirioni kana mukurumbira kuve mumwe weVietnam. Ita bhizinesi kutanga kutaura nezve manzwiro. VeVietnamese vanofara kusangana nevanhu vatsva, asi usamboita bhizinesi nevasingazivi. Paunenge uchiita bhizinesi muVietnam, hukama hwevanhu hwakakosha, uye zvakaoma kufambira mberi pasina ivo. VeVietnamese kazhinji havaite bhizinesi nevanhu vavasingazive. Vanogara vachibata nevanhu vakafanana. Muchidimbu chebhizinesi denderedzwa, munhu wese anoziva mumwe nemumwe, uye vazhinji vavo ihama neropa kana muchato. Vanhu veVietnamese vanoteerera zvakanyanya kune etiquette. Kunyangwe iri dhipatimendi rehurumende, waunofambidzana naye, kana muparidzi ane hukama hwakakosha nekambani yako, unofanirwa kuvabata seshamwari, uye unofanirwa kutenderera nemutambo wega wega.
06 Kuita sarudzo kunononoka
Vietnam inotevera tsika yechinyakare yekuAsia yekuita sarudzo pamwe chete. Vezvemabhizinesi veVietnamese vanokoshesa kuwirirana kweboka, uye vatorwa vanowanzosaziva nezvemakakatanwa pakati pevatambi veVietnamese, uye ruzivo rwavo rwemukati haruwanzo kuziviswa kune vekunze. MuVietnam, iyo yese yekambani system inosimbisa kuenderana. Kubva pamaonero etsika, Vietnam inotevera tsika yechinyakare yekuAsia yakaunganidzwa yekuita sarudzo. Vezvemabhizinesi veVietnamese vanokoshesa kuwirirana kweboka, uye vatorwa vanowanzosaziva nezvemakakatanwa pakati pevatambi veVietnamese, uye ruzivo rwavo rwemukati haruwanzo kuziviswa kune vekunze. MuVietnam, iyo yese yekambani system inosimbisa kuenderana.
07 Usateerere kuhurongwa, ingoita zvekumhanya
Nepo vazhinji vekuMadokero vachida kuita hurongwa nekuita pairi, veVietnamese vanosarudza kurega zvisikwa zvichitora nzira yavo uye kuona zvinoitika. Vanokoshesa maitiro akanaka evanhu vekuMadokero, asi havana chinangwa chekuvatevedzera. Vanamuzvinabhizinesi vekune dzimwe nyika vanoita bhizinesi muVietnam, yeuka kuchengetedza maitiro akasununguka uye kushivirira kwakadzikama. Vanamuzvinabhizinesi vane ruzivo vanotenda kuti kana 75% yerwendo rwekuenda kuVietnam rukaitwa sezvakarongwa, ichaonekwa sekubudirira.
08 Tsika
Vanhu veVietnamese vanoda tsvuku zvakanyanya, uye vanoona tsvuku seruvara runonakidza uye rwemafaro. Ndinoda imbwa zvakanyanya uye ndinofunga kuti imbwa dzakavimbika, dzakavimbika uye dzakashinga. Ndinoda maruva epichisi, funga kuti maruva emupichisi anopenya uye akanaka, uye maruva akanaka, uye anoadaidza maruva enyika.
Vanodzivisa kubatwa-batwa pamapfudzi avo kana kuti kuvapopotera neminwe yavo, uko kunoonekwa sokusaremekedza;
3. Zvakanakira uye zvinogona kusimudzira
Vietnam ine mamiriro akanaka echisikigo, ine mhenderekedzo yegungwa inopfuura 3,200 makiromita (yechipiri chete kuIndonesia nePhilippine muSoutheast Asia), Rwizi Rutsvuku (rwakabva kuYunnan Province) delta kuchamhembe, uye Rwizi Mekong (yakabva kuQinghai Province. ) delta kumaodzanyemba. Yasvika 7 world heritage nzvimbo (yakaiswa pekutanga muSoutheast Asia). Vietnam parizvino iri padanho rakanakisa munhoroondo ye "goridhe yehuwandu hwevanhu". 70% yeVietnamese vari pasi pemakore makumi matatu nemashanu, izvo zvinopa kuchengetedzwa kwebasa rekusimudzira hupfumi hweVietnam, uye panguva imwechete, nekuda kwehuwandu hwemazuva ano hwevakwegura, inoderedzawo mutoro wekusimudzirwa kwevanhu veVietnam. Uyezve, huwandu hwemaguta eVietnam hwakadzikira kwazvo, uye mazhinji emuhoro wevashandi akadzikira zvakanyanya (madhora mazana mana eUS anogona kuhaya mushandi ane hunyanzvi hwepamusoro), iyo yakakodzera kwazvo kusimudzira indasitiri yekugadzira. Kufanana neChina, Vietnam inoshandisa socialist market economic system. Iine yakagadzikana uye ine simba yehutungamiri hwemagariro evanhu inogona kuisa pfungwa dzayo pamabasa makuru.Kune 54 madzinza emadzinza muVietnam, asi mapoka ose emarudzi anogona kurarama mukuwirirana. Vanhu veVietnamese vane rusununguko rwekutenda kwechitendero, uye hakuna hondo yechitendero muMiddle East. Bato reCommunist reVietnam rakatangawo shanduko dzezvematongerwo enyika dzakabvumira mapato akasiyana kuita gakava rakasimba rezvematongerwo enyika nehupfumi. Hurumende yeVietnamese inombundira musika wepasi rose. Yakabatana neAssociation of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) muna 1995 uye World Trade Organization (WTO) muna 2006. Musangano we2017 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) wakaitirwa muDa Nang, Vietnam. VekuMadokero vane tarisiro pamwe chete nezvebudiriro yeVietnam. World Bank yakati "Vietnam muenzaniso chaiwo webudiriro inobudirira", uye magazini ye "The Economist" yakati "Vietnam ichava imwe ingwe yeAsia". Peterson Institute for International Economics inofanotaura kuti hupfumi hweVietnam huchasvika pazvikamu gumi kubva muzana muna 2025. Kuzvibatanidza mumutsara mumwe chete: Vietnam nhasi iChina makore anopfuura gumi apfuura. Mafambiro ese ehupenyu ari padanho rekuputika, uye ndiwo musika unonakidza kwazvo muAsia.
4. Ramangwana re "Made in Vietnam
Mushure mekunge Vietnam yabatana neRCEP, nerubatsiro rweUnited States, Japan nedzimwe nyika dzakabudirira, nyika zhinji dzeSoutheast Asia dzakaronga "poaching" kugadzirwa kweChinese kuburikidza nemaitiro akasiyana sekutengeserana, mutero uye kurudziro yevhu. Nhasi, haasi makambani eJapan chete akawedzera mari yavo muVietnam, asi makambani mazhinji eChinese ari kufambisawo kugona kwavo kugadzira kuVietnam. Kubatsira kukuru kweVietnam kuri muvashandi vayo vakachipa. Pamusoro pezvo, chimiro chevagari veVietnam chidiki. Vakweguru vane makore anopfuura makumi matanhatu neshanu vanongoverengera 6% yehuwandu hwese, nepo huwandu muChina neSouth Korea i10% uye 13% zvakateerana. Ehe, indasitiri yekugadzira yeVietnam parizvino ichiri kunyanya mumaindasitiri akaderera, semachira, zvipfeko, fenicha uye zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi. Nekudaro, mamiriro ezvinhu aya anogona kuchinja mune ramangwana sezvo makambani makuru anowedzera mari, anovandudza nhanho dzekudzidzisa, uye nekuchinja tsvagiridzo nebudiriro nzira. Kupokana kwevashandi ndiyo njodzi yeindasitiri yekugadzira yeVietnam. Maitiro ekugadzirisa hukama hwevashandi-hupfumi idambudziko rinofanirwa kugadziriswa mukusimuka kweindasitiri yekugadzira yeVietnam.
5. Vietnam ichapa pamberi pekuvandudzwa kwemaindasitiri anotevera
1. Michina uye indasitiri yesimbi Panosvika 2025, ipai pamberi pakuvandudzwa kwemichina nemidziyo yekugadzira maindasitiri, mota nezvidimbu, nesimbi; mushure megore ra2025, ipai pamberi pekuvandudzwa kwekuvaka ngarava, simbi dzisina-ferrous, uye zvinhu zvitsva.
2. Muindasitiri yemakemikari, panosvika gore ra2025, ipai pamberi pakuvandudzwa kweindasitiri yemakemikari ekutanga, indasitiri yemakemikari emafuta negasi, indasitiri yemakemikari nerabha inosara; mushure me2025, ipai pamberi pakuvandudzwa kweindasitiri yemakemikari emishonga.
3. Indasitiri yezvekurima, yemasango uye yemvura inogadzirwa nekugadzirwa kwemvura Panosvika 2025, kukosha kuchapihwa kuwedzera chiyero chekugadzirisa zvinhu zvikuru zvekurima, zvigadzirwa zvemumvura uye zvigadzirwa zvehuni zvinoenderana negwaro rekugadzirisa maindasitiri ezvekurima. Tora zviyero zvepasi rose mukugadzira uye kugadzirisa kuvaka mhando uye kukwikwidza kweVietnamese zvigadzirwa zvekurima.
4. Indasitiri yemachira neshangu Panosvika gore ra2025, ipai pamberi pakuvandudzwa kwezvigadzirwa zvemachira neshangu zvekugadzira nekutengesa kunze kwenyika; mushure me2025, ipai pamberi pakuvandudzwa kwefashoni yepamusoro uye shangu.
5. Muindasitiri yekukurukurirana kwemagetsi, panosvika gore ra2025, ipai pamberi pekuvandudzwa kwemakomputa, nharembozha uye maspare parts; mushure megore ra2025, ipai pamberi pakuvandudzwa kwesoftware, masevhisi edhijitari, masevhisi ehunyanzvi hwekutaurirana uye zvemagetsi zvekurapa. 6. Simba idzva nesimba rinogoneka patsva Panosvika 2025, gadzira nesimba idzva uye simba rinogonekazve, sesimba remhepo, simba rezuva, uye biomass capacity; mushure me2025, gadzira nesimba renyukireya simba, geothermal simba, uye tidal simba.
6. Mitemo mitsva ye "Made in Vietnam" (yakabva) mitemo
Muna Nyamavhuvhu 2019, Bazi reIndasitiri uye Kutengeserana kweVietnam rakapa mwero mitsva ye "Made in Vietnam" (yakabva). Yakagadzirwa muVietnam inogona kuva: zvigadzirwa zvekurima uye zviwanikwa zvinobva kuVietnam; zvigadzirwa izvo zvinozopedzwa muVietnam zvinofanirwa kusanganisira inosvika makumi matatu muzana yeVietnam yakawedzerwa kukosha zvinoenderana nepasi rose HS code standard. Mune mamwe mazwi, 100% mbishi zvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika kubva mhiri kwemakungwa zvinofanirwa kuwedzera 30% yakawedzera kukosha muVietnam isati yatengeswa kunze neiyo label Yakagadzirwa muVietnam.
Nguva yekutumira: Feb-10-2023