Ka Pherekhong 2022, tumellano e felletseng ea tšebelisano-mmoho ea moruo ea tikoloho (RCEP) e ile ea qala ho sebetsa, e akaretsang linaha tse 10 tsa ASEAN, China, Japan, Korea Boroa, Australia le New Zealand. Linaha tse 15 tseo e leng litho li koahela hoo e ka bang karolo ea boraro ea baahi ba lefatše, 'me kakaretso ea tsona ea thepa e tsoang linaheng tse ling e etsa karolo ea 30% ea kakaretso ea lefatše lohle. Ka 2021, China e ile ea romela li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 562.31 tsa masela le liaparo linaheng tseo e leng litho tsa RCEP, e leng karolo ea 27.6% ea kakaretso ea boleng ba thepa ea kantle ea China ea masela le liaparo. Ho ea ka naha e le 'ngoe, har'a limmaraka tse leshome tse ka holimo tsa thepa ea masela le liaparo tsa Chaena, linaha tsa litho tsa RCEP li nka tse hlano, e leng Japane, Vietnam, Korea Boroa, Australia le Malaysia, tse nang le li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 129.51, li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 113.78, 65.02 limilione tse likete. yuan, li-yuan tse libilione tse 44.07 le li-yuan tse libilione tse 41.93 ka ho latellana, e leng 6.4%, 5.6%, 3.2%, 2.2% le 2.1% ea kakaretso ea boleng ba thepa ea masela le liaparo tsa Chaena.
Setšoantšo sa moralo oa thepa ea masela le liaparo tsa China tse romelloang linaheng tsa litho tsa RCEP ka 2021
E le ho phethahatsa litlhoko tsa "ho ela hloko haholoanyane le ho ithuta mehato ea theknoloji ea khoebo ea linaha tseo e leng litho tsa RCEP" ka maikutlo a tataisang a Lekala la Khoebo le mafapha a mang a tšeletseng mabapi le ts'ebetsong ea boleng bo phahameng ba tumellano ea selekane se akaretsang sa moruo lebatooa. (RCEP), joale re bokella le ho hlophisa mehato ea khoebo ea masela le liaparo tsa RCEP, ka sepheo sa ho fana ka tataiso bakeng sa likhoebo tsa masela le liaparo ho nts'etsapele mmaraka oa RCEP.
Japane
01 bolaoli ba taolo
Makala a taolo ea ho reka kantle ho naha ea Japane haholo-holo a kenyelletsa Lekala la Bophelo bo Botle, Basebetsi le Boiketlo (MHLW), Lekala la moruo, indasteri (METI), setsi sa litaba tsa bareki (CAA) le Ofisi ea Lekhetho la Japane. 02 melaoana le litekanyetso tsa tekheniki
Litlhokahalo tse akaretsang tsa lileibole tsa boleng ba masela le liaparo li boletsoe molaong oa leibole ea thepa ea lapeng ① le melaoana ea lileibole tsa boleng ba masela ②. Bakeng sa lintlha tse ling, bona JIS L 0001:2014 boitsebiso ba ho hlatsuoa le tlhokomelo ea masela ③. Molao oa taolo ea lintho tse kotsi ho lingoliloeng tsa lapeng ④ le melaoana ea ts'ebetsong ⑤ o laola lintho tse kotsi ka masela le liaparo, le ho thathamisa mabitso, lihlahisoa tse sebetsang le mekhoa ea teko ea lintho tse kotsi. Kemiso ea litekanyetso tsa taolo ea lintho tse kotsi lingoloeng tsa lapeng ⑥ e tlatselletsa litlhoko tsa moeli. Taelo ea tsamaiso mabapi le ntlafatso e sa fellang ea taelo ea ts'ebetso mabapi le tlhahlobo le ho etsoa ha lintho tsa lik'hemik'hale ⑦ e bolela hore ho thijoa ha masela le liaparo tse nang le perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) le letsoai la eona ha li lumelloe. Article 8-3 ea molao oa ts'ireletso ea mollo ⑧ e hlalosa ts'ebetso ea ho chesa le litlhoko tsa leibole tsa masela le liaparo tse itseng. Sheba lisebelisoa tse amehang ⑨ tsa Mokhatlo oa Japane oa Tšireletso ea Mollo bakeng sa lintlha tse ling. Molao oa melato ea sehlahisoa ⑩ o hlakisa hore moetsi o tla jara boikarabello bakeng sa lefu, kotsi kapa tšenyo ea thepa e bakiloeng ke bofokoli ba sehlahisoa (joalo ka linale tse robehileng). Ho feta moo, lihlahisoa tsa masela le liaparo tse sebelisang boea kapa letlalo le tsona li hloka ho fihlela litlhoko tsa Tumellano ea Washington, molao oa ho tsoma bakeng sa ts'ireletso ea liphoofolo tse hlaha, Molao oa Taolo ea Mafu a tšoaetsanoang, le molao oa ts'ireletso ea liphoofolo tse hlaha tse kotsing ea ho fela.
03 mokhoa oa tlhahlobo ea tumellano
1. Ka mor'a hore masela le liaparo tse tsoang linaheng tse ling li lekoe ke mokhatlo o khethiloeng hore o lumellane le litekanyetso tsa indasteri tsa Japane tsa JIS, letšoao la JIS le ka kenngoa lihlahisoa, ho bontša hore ba fumane lengolo la JIS la Mokhatlo oa Japane oa Patlo ea Maemo a Liindasteri. Matshwao a latelang a sebediswa ho tloha ho le letshehadi ho ya ho le letona ho bontsha hore sehlahiswa se dumellana le maemo a sehlahiswa sa JIS; Matšoao a lumellanang le maemo a ts'ebetso ea tekheniki; Letšoao le lumellanang le litekanyetso tsa JIS tse hlalosang likarolo tse itseng tse khethehileng joalo ka ts'ebetso, polokeho, joalo-joalo.
2. Masela le liaparo li ka kopanngoa le matšoao a boithaopo, joalo ka letšoao la SIF (setifikeiti sa lihlahisoa tsa boleng bo holimo tsa boleng ba masela le Setsi sa Theknoloji sa Japane), letšoao la silika (lihlahisoa tse netefalitsoeng ke mokhatlo oa machaba oa masela a silika li entsoe ka silika ea 100%. ), letšoao la hemp (setifikeiti sa lihlahisoa tsa boleng bo holimo tsa Japan line, ramie le jute Textile Manufacturers Association), letšoao la SEK (lihlahisoa tse tiisitsoeng ke Mokhatlo oa Japane oa Teko ea Textile Function Evaluation) le letšoao la Q (setifikeiti sa lihlahisoa tsa boleng bo holimo tsa Komiti ea matšoao ea Q) . 3. Lekala la moruo, khoebo le indasteri la Japane le tsamaisa tsamaiso ea 'maraka ka tlhahlobo ea sebaka sa marang-rang le tlaleho ea sechaba, 'me le tla tsebisa moetsi kapa mofani oa thepa ho lokisa masela le liaparo tse sa tšoaneleheng kapa tse sa ngolisoang ho latela melaoana e ka holimo. Haeba moetsi oa khoebo a hloleha ho lokisa ka nako, mokhanni oa khoebo o tla ahloleloa ho hlola chankaneng nako e sa feteng selemo se le seng le kotlo e sa feteng limilione tse 1 ho latela lipehelo tsa molao oa maemo oa indasteri oa Japane.
04 malebela a mofuthu
Likhoebo tse romelang masela le liaparo li lokela ho ela hloko tlhokomelo ea lintho tse kotsi tsa lihlahisoa tsa ntlo Japane, haholo-holo lintho tse sa boleloang ka litekanyetso tse tlamang tsa masela le liaparo tsa Chaena, tse kang li-flame retardants, likokoanyana tse bolaeang likokoanyana, li-fungicide le li-mold proof finishing agents, perfluorooctanoic. acid (PFOA) le letsoai la eona. Japane e hloka hore litaba tsa formaldehyde tsa lihlahisoa tsa lesea tse ka tlase ho likhoeli tse 24 li be tlase ho 16mg / kg, e leng thata ho feta litokisetso tsa GB 18401 (20mg / kg) Chaena. Tlhokomelo le eona e lokela ho lefshoa. Ho feta moo, Japane e na le litlhoko tse thata bakeng sa linale tse robehileng, 'me liaparo tse tsoang linaheng tse ling li tlameha ho feta tlhahlobo ea linale tse robehileng. Ho khothaletsoa hore likhoebo li sebelise mechini ea ho hlahloba linalete ho matlafatsa tlhahlobo.
Vietnam
01 bolaoli ba taolo
Litekanyetso tsa polokeho ea masela le liaparo tsa Vietnam li entsoe ke General Administration of standards, metrology and quality (stameq) tlasa Lekala la mahlale le thekenoloji, le ikarabellang bakeng sa maemo, metrology, tlhahiso le taolo ea boleng. Lekala la indasteri le khoebo le na le boikarabello ba ho hlokomela polokeho ea masela le liaparo. Lekala la saense le thekenoloji le tlas’a Lekala ke lona le ikarabellang ho hlahloba le ho hlahloba lifaele tsa ngoliso ea likhoebo tsa litsi tsa netefatso, tlhatlhobo le liteko, ‘me lekala le felletseng la tsamaiso ea limmaraka le tlas’a Lekala ke lona le ikarabellang ho hlophisa le ho tataisa likarolo tsa tsamaiso ea mebaraka ea liprofinse le ’masepala ka kotloloho. tlas'a 'muso o moholo ho hlahloba, ho laola le ho sebetsana le tlōlo ea molao ea boleng ba lihlahisoa le thepa. Masela le liaparo tse tsoang kantle ho naha li tla lokolloa ho latela meetlo.
02 melaoana le litekanyetso tsa tekheniki
Melao ea tekheniki ea masela le liaparo tsa Vietnam ke qcvn: 01 / 2017 / BCT melaoana ea tekheniki ea naha mabapi le litaba tsa formaldehyde le lidae tsa azo tse ka senyehang ho ba liminerale tse nkhang hamonate ka masela (melaoana e fanoeng 21 / 2017 / tt-bct ⑪ le liphetoho tse latelang 2007 / / tt-bct ⑫ le 20 / 2018 / tt-bct ⑬). Melao ea ho ngola thepa ⑭ e totobatsa litlhoko tsa ho ngola lihlahisoa tse rekisoang Vietnam. Li-label li tlameha ho ngoloa ka Sevietnam, ho kenyelletsa le sebopeho sa fiber, litlhaloso tsa tekheniki, tlhahisoleseling ea temoso, litaelo tsa tšebeliso le polokelo, selemo sa tlhahiso, joalo-joalo.
03 mokhoa oa tlhahlobo ea tumellano
1. Lihlahisoa le lihlahisoa tse rekisoang 'marakeng oa Vietnam li tlameha ho lumellana le lipehelo tsa qcvn: 01 / 2017 / BCT melao ea tekheniki ea naha ka litaba tsa formaldehyde le li-azo dyes tse ka senyehang hore e be li-amine tse nkhang hamonate ka masela; Ho ea ka Tsebiso ea No. 28 / 2012 / tt-bkhcn ⑮ le Notice No. 02 / 2017 / tt-bkhcn ⑯ ea Lekala la saense le theknoloji, letšoao la conformity (CR mark) le tla hatisoa. 2. Ho fana ka tumello ea ho kenya le ho romela thepa ea thepa Vietnam ho hloka litokomane tse fapaneng tse boletsoeng ho 38 / 2015 / tt-btc ⑰, 39 / 2018 / tt-btc ⑱, 60 / 2019 / tt-btc ⑲ le 06 / 2021 / tt-btc datedc 22 January 2021. Ho phaella moo, ka lebaka la ts'ebetsong ea molao o mocha oa meetlo, tumello ea meetlo ea elektronike e tlameha ho etsoa ka molao-motheo.
04 malebela a mofuthu
Lithibelo tsa lintho tse kotsi ka masela le liaparo tsa Vietnam li phutholohile ho feta tsa China. Mohlala, litlhoko tsa formaldehyde lihloohong tsa masea le bana ba ka tlase ho likhoeli tse 36 ha li fete 30mg / kg (20mg / kg naheng ea China), mme lintho tse 22 tsa azo ha li fete 30mg / kg (lintho tse 24 tsa azo ha li fete. ho feta 20mg / kg Chaena). Ho romelloa kantle ho naha ho ea Vietnam ho tla shebana le litlhoko tsa qcvn: 01 / 2017 / BCT melaoana ea tekheniki ea naha mabapi le litaba tsa formaldehyde le lidae tsa azo tse ka senyehang ho ba li-amine tse nkhang hamonate ka masela, joalo ka letšoao la tumellano le phatlalatso ea tumellano.
Nako ea poso: Aug-22-2022