Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukwenziwa kwemizi-mveliso yeedrones kuye kwanda kwaye akuthinteki. Inkampani yophando iGoldman Sachs iqikelela ukuba imakethi yedrone iya kuba nethuba lokufikelela kwi-100 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika ngo-2020.
01 Imigangatho yokuhlola iDrone
Okwangoku, kukho iiyunithi ezingaphezulu kwama-300 ezibandakanyekayo kushishino lweedrone zoluntu kwilizwe lam, kubandakanywa namashishini amakhulu angama-160, aseke iR&D epheleleyo, ukuvelisa, ukuthengisa kunye nenkqubo yenkonzo. Ukuze kulawulwe ishishini le-drone, ilizwe liye laphucula ngokuthe ngcembe iimfuno ezihambelanayo zemigangatho yelizwe.
Imigangatho yokuhlola ukuhambelana kombane we-UAV
Imigangatho ye-GB/17626-2006 electromagnetic comppatibility series;
I-GB/9254-2008 imida yokuphazamiseka kwirediyo kunye neendlela zokulinganisa izixhobo zobuchwepheshe bolwazi;
I-GB/T17618-2015 Izixhobo zobuchwepheshe bolwazi imida yokugonywa kunye neendlela zokulinganisa.
Imigangatho yokuhlola ukhuseleko lolwazi lweDrone
I-GB/T 20271-2016 itekhnoloji yokhuseleko lolwazi ngokubanzi iimfuno zobugcisa zokhuseleko kwiinkqubo zolwazi;
I-YD/T 2407-2013 Iimfuno zobugcisa kubuchule bokhuseleko lweetheminali ezikrelekrele ezihambayo;
I-QJ 20007-2011 Iinkcukacha ngokubanzi malunga ne-satellite navigation kunye nezixhobo zokufumana izixhobo.
Imigangatho yokuhlola ukhuseleko lwedrone
I-GB 16796-2009 Iimfuno zokhuseleko kunye neendlela zokuvavanya izixhobo ze-alamu zokhuseleko.
Izinto zokuhlola ze-02 UAV kunye neemfuno zobugcisa
Ukuhlolwa kweDrone kuneemfuno eziphezulu zobugcisa. Ezi zilandelayo zizinto eziphambili kunye neemfuno zobugcisa zokuhlolwa kwedrone:
Ukuhlolwa kweparamitha yeFlight
Ukuhlolwa kweeparamitha zendiza ikakhulu kubandakanya ukuphakama okuphezulu kwendiza, ixesha lokunyamezela okukhulu, i-flight radius, isantya esiphezulu se-flight speed, ukuchaneka kokulawula umzila, umgama wokulawula kude, ukuxhathisa umoya, isantya esiphezulu sokunyuka, njl.
Esona santya siphezulu senqwelomoya ethe tye
Ngaphantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza, i-drone iphakama kwindawo ephakamileyo yeemitha ze-10 kwaye irekhoda umgama we-S1 oboniswe kumlawuli ngeli xesha;
I-drone ibhabha ngokuthe tye kwisantya esiphezulu kwimizuzwana ye-10, kwaye irekhoda umgama we-S2 oboniswe kumlawuli ngeli xesha;
Bala esona santya siphezulu sokubhabha esithe tye ngokwefomula (1).
Ifomula 1: V=(S2-S1)/10
Qaphela: U-V sesona santya siphezulu sokubhabha esithe tye, kwiimitha ngesekhondi (m/s); I-S1 ngumgama wokuqala oboniswe kumlawuli, kwiimitha (m); I-S2 ngumgama wokugqibela oboniswe kumlawuli, kwiimitha (m).
Ubona kuhlolwa umphakamo wenqwelomoya
Ngaphantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza, i-drone iphakama kwindawo ephakamileyo yeemitha ze-10 kwaye irekhoda ukuphakama kwe-H1 eboniswe kumlawuli ngeli xesha;
Emva koko umgca wobude kwaye urekhode ukuphakama kwe-H2 eboniswe kumlawuli ngeli xesha;
Bala obona bude buphezulu benqwelomoya ngokwefomula (2).
Ifomula yesi-2: H＝H2－H1
Qaphela: H bubude obuphezulu bokubhabha kwidrone, ngeemitha (m); I-H1 bubude bokuqala bokubhabha obuboniswe kwisilawuli, kwiimitha (m); I-H2 bubude bokugqibela bokubhabha obuboniswe kwisilawuli, ngeemitha (m).
Ubuninzi bovavanyo lobomi bebhetri
Sebenzisa ibhetri egcwaliswe ngokupheleleyo xa uyihlola, nyusa idrone iye kumphakamo weemitha ezi-5 kwaye ushukume, sebenzisa istopwotshi ukuqalisa ixesha, kwaye uyeke ixesha xa idrone isihla ngokuzenzekelayo. Ixesha elirekhodiweyo lobona bomi bebhetri buphezulu.
Ukuhlolwa kweradiyasi yeFlight
Umgama wokubhabha oboniswe kwisilawuli sokurekhoda ubhekiselele kumgama wokubhabha wedrone ukusuka ekuqalisweni ukuya ukubuya. I-Flight radius ngumgama wokubhabha orekhodwe kwisilawuli owahlulwe ngo-2.
ukuhlolwa kwendlela yendiza
Zoba isangqa esinobubanzi obuyi-2m emhlabeni; phakamisa i-drone ukusuka kwindawo yesangqa ukuya kwi-10 yeemitha kwaye ujikeleze imizuzu ye-15. Jonga ukuba imeko ethe nkqo yedrone ingaphezulu kwesi sangqa ngexesha lokundanda. Ukuba indawo ethe nkqo yentelekelelo ayidluli kwesi sangqa, ulawulo lwengoma oluthe tye ngu ≤1m; phakamisa i-drone ukuya kubude beemitha ze-50 kwaye emva koko ujikeleze imizuzu ye-10, kwaye urekhode amaxabiso aphezulu kunye nobuncinci bokuphakama obubonakaliswe kumlawuli ngexesha lenkqubo ye-hovering. Ixabiso lemiphakamo emibini thabatha umphakamo xa ushukuma kukuchaneka kolawulo oluthe nkqo. Ukuchaneka kokulawula umzila othe nkqo kufuneka kube <10m.
Ukuhlolwa komgama wolawulo olukude
Oko kukuthi, unokujonga kwikhompyutheni okanye kwi-APP ukuba i-drone iqhube kumgama ochazwe ngumqhubi, kwaye kufuneka ukwazi ukulawula ukuhamba kwe-drone ngekhompyutha / i-APP.
Uvavanyo lokuxhathisa umoya
Iimfuno: Ukumka okuqhelekileyo, ukuhla kunye nokubhabha kunokwenzeka kwimimoya engekho ngaphantsi kwenqanaba lesi-6.
Ukubeka uhlolo lokuchaneka
Ukuchaneka kokumiswa kweedrones kuxhomekeke kwitekhnoloji, kwaye uluhlu lokuchaneka olunokuthi lufikelelwe ziidrones ezahlukeneyo luya kwahluka. Uvavanyo ngokwemeko yokusebenza yenzwa kunye noluhlu oluchanekileyo oluphawulwe kwimveliso.
Ngokuthe nkqo: ±0.1m (xa indawo yokubona isebenza ngokuqhelekileyo); ± 0.5m (xa iGPS isebenza ngokuqhelekileyo);
Ukuthe tye: ± 0.3m (xa indawo yokubona isebenza ngokuqhelekileyo); ± 1.5m (xa iGPS isebenza ngokuqhelekileyo);
Uvavanyo lokumelana ne-insulation
Jonga indlela yokuhlola echazwe kwi-GB16796-2009 Igatya 5.4.4.1. Ngokuvula umbane wombane, sebenzisa i-voltage ye-500 V DC phakathi kwe-terminal yamandla angenayo kunye neendawo zetsimbi eziveziweyo zendlu imizuzwana emi-5 kwaye ulinganise ukuxhathisa ukugquma ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba igobolondo ayinazo iinxalenye zokuqhuba, igobolondo yesixhobo kufuneka igutyungelwe ngumaleko we-conductor yesinyithi, kwaye ukuchasana kwe-insulation phakathi komqhubi wentsimbi kunye ne-terminal yokufakelwa kwamandla kufuneka kulinganiswe. Ixabiso lomlinganiselo wokumelana nokufakelwa kufuneka libe yi-≥5MΩ.
Uvavanyo lwamandla ombane
Ngokubhekiselele kwindlela yokuvavanya echazwe kwi-GB16796-2009 igatya 5.4.3, uvavanyo lwamandla ombane phakathi kwe-inlet yamandla kunye neengxenye zetsimbi eziveziweyo ze-casing kufuneka zikwazi ukumelana nombane we-AC ochazwe kumgangatho, ohlala kwi-1 iminithi. Akufuneki kubekho ukuqhekeka okanye ukugquma.
Ukujonga ukuthembeka
Ixesha lokusebenza ngaphambi kokungaphumeleli kokuqala ≥ iiyure ze-2, iimvavanyo ezininzi eziphindaphindiweyo zivumelekile, kwaye ixesha ngalinye lokuvavanya alikho ngaphantsi kwemizuzu eyi-15.
Uvavanyo oluphezulu noluphantsi lobushushu
Ekubeni iimeko zokusingqongileyo apho iidrones zisebenza khona zihlala ziguquguquka kwaye zinzima, kwaye imodeli nganye yenqwelomoya inamandla ahlukeneyo okulawula ukusetyenziswa kwamandla angaphakathi kunye nobushushu, ekugqibeleni kubangele i-hardware yenqwelo-moya ilungelelanise ubushushu ngokwahlukileyo, ukuze udibane ngakumbi okanye ukusebenza. iimfuno phantsi kweemeko ezithile, ukuhlolwa kwendiza phantsi kweemeko eziphezulu kunye nezisezantsi zokushisa ziyimfuneko. Ukuhlolwa kobushushu obuphezulu kunye obuphantsi beedrones kufuna ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo.
Uvavanyo lokumelana nobushushu
Jonga indlela yovavanyo echazwe kwigatya 5.6.2.1 le-GB16796-2009. Ngaphantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza, sebenzisa i-thermometer yamanqaku okanye nayiphi na indlela efanelekileyo yokulinganisa ubushushu bomhlaba emva kweeyure ezi-4 zokusebenza. Ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa kweengxenye ezifikelelekayo akufanele kudlule ixabiso elichaziweyo phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza kwiThebhile 2 ye-GB8898-2011.
Ukuhlolwa kobushushu obuphantsi
Ngokwendlela yokuvavanya echazwe kwi-GB / T 2423.1-2008, i-drone ifakwe kwibhokisi yovavanyo lwendalo kwiqondo lokushisa (-25 ± 2) ° C kunye nexesha lokuvavanya iiyure ze-16. Emva kokuba uvavanyo lugqityiwe kwaye lubuyiselwe phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo ze-atmospheric kwiiyure ze-2, i-drone kufuneka ikwazi ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo.
Uvavanyo lokungcangcazela
Ngokwendlela yokuhlola echazwe kwi-GB/T2423.10-2008:
Idrone ikwimeko engasebenziyo kwaye ayipakishwanga;
Uluhlu lokuphindaphinda: 10Hz ~ 150Hz;
I-Crossover frequency: 60Hz;
f＜60Hz, i-amplitude eqhubekayo 0.075mm;
f> 60Hz, ukukhawulezisa rhoqo 9.8m/s2 (1g);
Indawo enye yokulawula;
Inani lemijikelo yokuskena nge-axis nganye ngu-l0.
Ukuhlolwa kufuneka kuqhutywe phantsi kwe-drone kwaye ixesha lokuhlola yimizuzu eyi-15. Emva kokuhlolwa, i-drone ayifanele ibe nomonakalo obonakalayo kwaye ikwazi ukusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo.
Uvavanyo lokuwisa
Uvavanyo lokuwisa luvavanyo lwesiqhelo ekufuneka zenziwe uninzi lweemveliso okwangoku. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukujonga ukuba ukupakishwa kwemveliso ye-drone kunokukhusela imveliso ngokwayo kakuhle ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokuthutha; kwelinye icala, eneneni ihardware yenqwelomoya. ukuthembeka.
uvavanyo loxinzelelo
Ngaphantsi kobuninzi bokusetyenziswa, i-drone iphantsi kovavanyo loxinzelelo olufana nokuphazamiseka kunye nokuthwala umthwalo. Emva kokuba uvavanyo lugqityiwe, idrone kufuneka ikwazi ukuqhubeka nokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo.
uvavanyo lwexesha lobomi
Ukuqhuba iimvavanyo zobomi kwi-drone's gimbal, i-radar ebonakalayo, iqhosha lamandla, amaqhosha, njl., kwaye iziphumo zovavanyo kufuneka zihambelane nemimiselo yemveliso.
Ukunxiba uvavanyo lokuxhathisa
Sebenzisa iteyiphu yephepha le-RCA kuvavanyo lokuxhathisa i-abrasion, kwaye iziphumo zovavanyo kufuneka zihambelane neemfuno ze-abrasion eziphawulwe kwimveliso.
Ezinye iimvavanyo zesiqhelo
Okufana nenkangeleko, ukuhlolwa kokupakisha, ukuhlolwa okupheleleyo kwendibano, amacandelo abalulekileyo kunye nokuhlolwa kwangaphakathi, ukuleyibhela, ukumakisha, ukuhlolwa kokuprinta, njl.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-24-2024