Kutshanje, iimoto zombane eziveliswe ekhaya ziye zafumana ingqwalasela kumazwe angaphandle, zibangela ukuba inani lee-tricycles zombane ezibekwe kumaqonga orhwebo angaphandle e-e-commerce aqhubeke nokunyuka. Imigangatho yokhuseleko yeetriyisekile zombane kunye nezithuthuthu zombane ziyahluka kumazwe ngamazwe. Ababoneleli kunye nabavelisi kufuneka baqonde imigangatho kunye nemimiselo yemarike ekujoliswe kuyo ukuze iitrayisekile zombane zikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zemarike yasekhaya.
Iimfuno zobugcisa zokuhlolwa kweetricycle zombane kunye nezithuthuthu zombane
1. Iimfuno zembonakalokuhlolo lwetricycle yombane kunye nesithuthuthu sombane
- Ukubonakala kweetricycle zombane kunye nezithuthuthu zombane kufuneka zicoceke kwaye zicoceke, zonke iindawo kufuneka zihambelane, kwaye ukudibanisa kufuneka kuqine.
- Iindawo zokugquma iitriyisekile zombane kunye nezithuthuthu zombane kufuneka zibe mcaba kwaye zidityaniswe nezikhewu ezilinganayo kwaye kungabikho ulungelelwaniso olucacileyo. Umphezulu wokwambathisa kufuneka ube mfiliba, ube mcaba, ufane ngombala, kwaye udityaniswe ngokuqinileyo. Makungabikho mingxunya ecacileyo, amabala, imibala enamabala, iintanda, amaqamza, imikrwelo, okanye amanqaku ahambayo kwindawo evelileyo. Akufunekanga kubekho umzantsi ovezwayo okanye iimpawu zokuqukuqela ezicacileyo okanye iintanda kwindawo engavezwanga.
- Umphezulu wokugquma weetriyisekile zombane kunye nezithuthuthu zombane zinombala ofanayo kwaye akufuneki zibe mnyama, ukugquma, ukuxobuka, ukurusa, ukutyhileka ezantsi, amaqhuma okanye imikrwelo.
-Umbala ongaphezulu weendawo zeplastiki zeetricycle zombane kunye nezithuthuthu zombane zifana, akukho mikrwelo ecacileyo okanye ukungalingani.
- I-welds ye-metal structural parts of electric tricycles kunye nezithuthuthu zombane kufuneka zihambe kakuhle kwaye zilingane, kwaye akufanele kubekho iziphene ezifana ne-welding, i-welding yobuxoki, i-slag inclusions, iintanda, ii-pores, kunye ne-spatter phezu komhlaba. Ukuba kukho amaqhuqhuva e-welding kunye ne-welding slag ephezulu kunomgangatho osebenzayo, kufuneka igudiswe.
- Izihlalo zokuhlala zeetricycle zombane kunye nezithuthuthu zombane kufuneka zingabi nazibonda, indawo egudileyo, kwaye kungabikho mibimbi okanye umonakalo.
-I-tricycle yombane kunye ne-electric motorcycle decals kufuneka ibe flat kwaye igudileyo, ngaphandle kwamaqamu, i-warping okanye ukungahambi kakuhle okucacileyo.
- Iindawo zokugquma zangaphandle zeetriyisekile zombane kunye nezithuthuthu zombane kufuneka zibe mcaba, zibe notshintsho olugudileyo, kwaye kungabikho maqhuqhuva, imikrwelo okanye imikrwelo.
2. Iimfuno ezisisiseko zokuhlolwayeetrikile zombane kunye nezithuthuthu zombane
-Imiqondiso yemoto kunye neeplacards
Ii-tricycles zombane kunye nezithuthuthu zombane kufuneka zixhotyiswe ubuncinane nge-trademark enye okanye i-logo yefektri enokugcinwa ngokusisigxina kwaye ihambelane ne-brand yesithuthi kwindawo ebonakala lula kumphezulu ongaphandle womzimba wesithuthi.
-Imilinganiselo engundoqo kunye neeparitha ezisemgangathweni
a) Imilinganiselo ephambili kunye neeparitha zomgangatho kufuneka zihambelane nezibonelelo zemizobo kunye namaxwebhu oyilo.
b) Umthwalo we-asi kunye neeparitha zobunzima: Xa isithuthuthu esisecaleni esinamavili amathathu sikwimeko yokothulwa kwaye igcwele ngokupheleleyo, umthwalo wevili wenqwelo esecaleni kufuneka ube ngaphantsi kwe-35% yobunzima bomjikelezo kunye nobunzima obupheleleyo ngokulandelelanayo.
c) Umthwalo oqinisekisiweyo: Obona bunzima bubonke buvumelekileyo besithuthi bumiselwa ngokusekwe kumandla e-injini, ubukhulu boyilo lwe-asi ye-asi, umthamo wokuthwala amatayara kunye namaxwebhu obugcisa avunyiweyo ngokusesikweni, kwaye ke elona xabiso liphantsi liyamiselwa. Kwiibhayisikili ezinamavili amathathu kunye nezithuthuthu phantsi kweemeko zokungathwali kunye nomthwalo ogcweleyo, umlinganiselo womthwalo weshaft yokuqhuba (okanye isondo lokuqhuba) ukuya kubunzima bendlela yesithuthi kunye nobunzima obupheleleyo ngokulandelelanayo kufuneka bube bukhulu okanye bulingane ne-18%;
-Isixhobo sokuqhuba
Amavili okuqhuba (okanye iziphatho zokuqhuba) zeetriyisekile nezithuthuthu kufuneka zijike ngokuguquguqukayo ngaphandle kokuncamathela. Iimoto kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokulawula umda. Inkqubo yokulawula akufanele iphazamise amanye amacandelo kuyo nayiphi na indawo yokusebenza.
Ubuninzi bemali yokujikeleza yasimahla yetricycle kunye namavili okuqhuba isithuthuthu kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi okanye ilingane no-35°.
I-angle yokujika ekhohlo okanye ekunene yamavili okuqhuba i-tricycles kunye nezithuthuthu kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi okanye ilingane ne-45 °;
Iibhayisekile nezithuthuthu akufunekanga zijike xa ziqhuba kwiindlela ezithe tyaba, ezinzima, ezomileyo nezicocekileyo, kwaye amavili azo okuqhuba (okanye iziphatho zokuqhuba) akufunekanga zibe neziganeko ezingaqhelekanga ezifana nokushukuma.
Iibhayisikili ezintathu nezithuthuthu ziqhuba kwiindlela ezithe tyaba, ezinzima, ezomileyo nezicocekileyo zesamente okanye kwiindlela ze-asphalt, inguqu ukusuka kumgca othe ngqo wokuqhuba ngokujikeleza ukuya kwisangqa sejelo lesithuthi esinobubanzi obungaphandle obuyi-25m ngaphakathi kwemizuzwana emi-5 ngesantya se-10km/h, kwaye sinyanzelise Amandla aphezulu anamandla kumda wangaphandle wevili lokuqhuba kufuneka abe ngaphantsi okanye alingane no-245 N.
I-knuckle yokulawula kunye nengalo, umnqamlezo wokulawula kunye neentambo zokubopha ngokuthe tye kunye nezikhonkwane zebhola kufuneka zidibaniswe ngokuthembekileyo, kwaye akufanele kubekho ukuqhekeka okanye umonakalo, kunye nepini yebhola yokulawula akufanele ikhululeke. Xa isithuthi siguqulwa okanye silungiswa, umnqamlezo kunye neentambo ezichanekileyo akufanele zifakwe kwi-welded.
I-absorbers yangaphambili, iipleyiti zokudibanisa eziphezulu kunye nezisezantsi kunye nezibambo zokuqhuba izithuthi ezinamavili amathathu kunye nezithuthuthu akufanele zikhubazeke okanye ziqhekeke.
-I-Speedometer
Izithuthuthu zombane kufuneka zixhotyiswe nge-speedometer, kwaye impazamo yexabiso le-speedometer ye-speedometer kufuneka ihambelane neempawu zegraphic zamacandelo olawulo achaziweyo, izibonakaliso kunye nezixhobo zokubonisa.
-ixilongo
Isigodlo kufuneka sibe nomsebenzi wesandi oqhubekayo, kwaye ukusebenza kwesigodlo kunye nofakelo kufuneka kuhambelane nesixhobo sombono ongangqalanga ochaziweyo.
-Roll uzinzo kunye ne-angle yokuzinza yokupaka
Xa izithuthi ezinamavili amathathu kunye nezithuthuthu ezinamavili amathathu zithululwa kwaye zikwimeko engatshintshiyo, i-angle yokuzinza kwe-roll xa i-tilting ukuya ngakwesobunxele nasekunene kufuneka ibe nkulu okanye ilingane ne-25 °.
-Anti-ubusela isixhobo
Izixhobo ezichasene nobusela kufuneka zihlangabezane nezi mfuno zoyilo zilandelayo:
a) Xa isixhobo sokuthintela ubusela sivuliwe, kufuneka siqinisekise ukuba isithuthi asinako ukujika okanye siye phambili ngomgca othe ngqo. b) Ukuba isixhobo sokuthintela ubusela sisetyenziswa kuDidi 4, xa isixhobo sokuthintela ubusela sivula indlela yothumelo, isixhobo kufuneka siphulukane kukutshixa. Ukuba isixhobo sisebenza ngokulawula isixhobo sokupaka, i-injini yesithuthi iya kumiswa ngelixa isebenza. c) Isitshixo sinokutsalwa kuphela xa ulwimi lokutshixa luvulwe ngokupheleleyo okanye luvaliwe. Nokuba isitshixo sifakiwe, akufuneki sibe kwindawo ephakathi ephazamisana nokubandakanyeka kwe-deadbolt.
-Izahlulo zangaphandle
Umphandle wesithuthuthu akufuneki ube namalungu abukhali ajonge ngaphandle. Ngenxa yobume, ubungakanani, i-azimuth engile kunye nokuqina kwezi zixhobo, xa isithuthuthu singqubana okanye sikrwempa umntu ohamba ngeenyawo okanye enye ingozi yendlela, inokubangela umonakalo emzimbeni kumhambi ngeenyawo okanye umqhubi. Izithuthuthu ezithwele imithwalo enamavili amathathu, yonke imiphetho efikelelekayo ebekwe emva kwephaneli yekota yangasemva, okanye, ukuba akukho phaneli yekota yangasemva, ebekwe ngasemva kwinqwelomoya ethe nkqo edlula i-500mm ukusuka kwindawo R yesitulo esingasemva, ukuba ubude obuphumayo Ukuba akukho ngaphantsi kwe-1.5mm, kufuneka bube buthuntu.
-Ukusebenza kweBrake
Kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuba umqhubi ukwindawo eqhelekileyo yokuqhuba kwaye unokusebenzisa umlawuli wenkqubo yokuqhokra inkonzo ngaphandle kokushiya ivili lokuqhuba (okanye ivili lokuqhuba) ngezandla zombini. Izithuthuthu ezinamavili amathathu (Udidi 1,) kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngenkqubo yokuqhobosha yokupaka kunye nenkqubo yebrake yenkonzo elawulwa ngonyawo elawula iziqhoboshi kuwo onke amavili. Inkqubo yebrake yenkonzo elawulwa ngonyawo yile: inkqubo yebrake yenkonzo yeesekethe ezininzi. Inkqubo yokuqhobosha, okanye inkqubo yokuqhobosha eqhagamshelweyo kunye nenkqubo yonxunguphalo olungxamisekileyo. Inkqubo yokuqhoqhobala ngokungxamisekileyo inokuba yinkqubo yeziqhoboshi zokupaka.
-Ukukhanyisa kunye nezixhobo zokubonisa
Ukufakwa kwezixhobo zokukhanyisa kunye nezibonakaliso kufuneka zihambelane nemimiselo. Ukufakwa kwezibane kufuneka kuqine, kucoceke kwaye kusebenze. Akufunekanga ukuba zikhululeke, zonakaliswe, zisilele okanye zitshintshe indlela yokukhanya ngenxa yokungcangcazela kwesithuthi. Zonke iiswitshi zokukhanya kufuneka zifakwe ngokuqinileyo kwaye zitshintshe ngokukhululekileyo, kwaye akufanele zivulwe okanye zicinywe ngokwazo ngenxa yokungcangcazela kwesithuthi. Iswitshi kufuneka ibekwe ukuze isebenze lula. I-retro-reflector yangasemva yesithuthuthu sombane kufuneka kwakhona iqinisekise ukuba isibane semoto sikhanyiswa nge-150m ngqo phambi kwe-retro-reflector ebusuku, kwaye ukukhanya okubonakalisiweyo kwesibonisi kunokuqinisekiswa kwindawo yokukhanyisa.
-Iimfuno zokusebenza eziphambili
I-10 min Isantya esiphezulu sesithuthi (V.), isantya esiphezulu sesithuthi (V.), ukukhawulezisa ukusebenza, ukulinganisa, izinga lokusetyenziswa kwamandla, uluhlu lokuqhuba, kunye nomlinganiselo wokuphuma kwamandla emoto kufuneka uhambelane nemimiselo efanelekileyo ye-GB7258 kunye nemveliso yobugcisa. amaxwebhu anikezelwe ngumenzi.
-Iimfuno zokuthembeka
Iimfuno zokuthembeka kufuneka zihambelane neemfuno zamaxwebhu obugcisa bemveliso anikezelwe ngumenzi. Ukuba akukho mfuneko ifanelekileyo, ezi mfuno zilandelayo zinokulandelwa. I-mileage yokuqhubela phambili ethembekileyo ihambelana nemimiselo. Emva kovavanyo lokuthembeka, isakhelo kunye nezinye iinxalenye zesakhiwo sesithuthi sokuvavanya asiyi konakala njenge-deformation, i-crack, njl. I-5% echaziweyo, ngaphandle kweebhetri zamandla.
-Iimfuno zomgangatho wendibano
INdibano kufuneka ihambelane neemfuno zemizobo yemveliso kunye namaxwebhu obugcisa, kwaye akukho mpazamo okanye ukufakela okulahlekileyo kuvunyelwe; umenzi, iinkcukacha zemodeli, amandla, njl. njl. yemoto exhasayo kufuneka ihambelane neemfuno zamaxwebhu obugcisa emodeli yesithuthi (njengemigangatho yemveliso, iincwadana zemiyalelo yemveliso, izatifikethi, njl. njl.); Amalungu okuthambisa kufuneka agcwaliswe nge-lubricant ngokuhambelana nezibonelelo zemizobo yemveliso okanye amaxwebhu obugcisa;
Indibano ye-Fastener kufuneka iqine kwaye ithembeke. I-torque yokuqinisa kwangaphambili yokudibanisa i-bolt ebalulekileyo kufuneka ihambelane nemimiselo yemizobo yemveliso kunye namaxwebhu obugcisa. Iindawo ezihambayo zendlela yokulawula kufuneka ziguquguquke kwaye zithembeke, kwaye akufanele ziphazanyiswe ukusetha kwakhona okuqhelekileyo. Indibano yokugquma ifanele iqiniswe kwaye ingawi ngenxa yokungcangcazela kwesithuthi;
Ii-Sidecars, ii-compartments, kunye nee-cabs kufuneka zifakwe ngokuqinileyo kwisakhelo sesithuthi kwaye akufanele zikhululeke ngenxa yokunyakaza kwesithuthi;
Iingcango kunye neefestile zemoto evaliweyo kufuneka zitywinwe kakuhle, iingcango kunye neefestile kufuneka zivuleke kwaye zivale ngokulula nangokulula, izitshixo zeecango kufuneka zibe namandla kwaye zithembeke, kwaye akufanele zivule ngokwazo ngenxa ye-vibration yesithuthi;
I-baffles kunye nemigangatho yemoto evulekileyo kufuneka ibe tyaba, kwaye izihlalo, izihlalo zokuhlala kunye neendawo zokubeka iingalo kufuneka zifakwe ngokuqinileyo kwaye zithembeke ngaphandle kokukhululeka;
I-Symmetry kunye nemilinganiselo yangaphandle ifuna ukuba umehluko wobude phakathi kwamacala amabini eengxenye ezilinganayo ezifana nezibambo zokuqhuba kunye neziphambukisi kunye nomhlaba akufanele ube mkhulu kune-10mm;
Umahluko wobude phakathi kwamacala amabini eenxalenye ezilinganayo ezifana nekhebhu kunye nekhompatimenti yesithuthuthu sombane esinamavili amathathu ukusuka emhlabeni akufanele ukuba mkhulu kune-20mm;
Ukutenxa phakathi kwenqwelo-moya esembindini yevili langaphambili lesithuthuthu esinamavili amathathu ombane kunye nenqwelomoya esembindini elinganayo yamavili angasemva akufunekanga ibe ngaphezulu kwe-20mm;
Ukunyamezela idimensional jikelele yesithuthi siphela akufunekanga ibe ngaphezu kwe ±3% okanye ±50mm yobukhulu begama;
Iimfuno zokudityaniswa kwendlela yokulawula;
Izithuthi kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zokulawula umda. Isibambo sokuqhuba kufuneka sijikeleze ngokuguquguqukayo ngaphandle komqobo. Xa ijikeleza kwindawo egqithiseleyo, akufanele iphazamise ezinye iindawo. Ikholamu yokulawula kufuneka ingabi nantshukumo ye-axial;
Ubude beentambo zokulawula, izixhobo eziguquguqukayo, iintambo, i-hoses ye-brake, njl.njl kufuneka zibe nemida efanelekileyo kwaye akufanele zinyanzeliswe xa isibambo sokuqhuba sijikeleza, kwaye akufanele sichaphazele ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwamalungu anxulumeneyo;
Kufuneka ikwazi ukuqhuba ngendlela ethe tye kwindlela ethe tyaba, eqinile, eyomileyo necocekileyo ngaphandle kokutenxa. Akufunekanga kubekho i-oscillation okanye ezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga kwisiphatho sokuqhuba xa ukhwele.
-Iimfuno zokudityaniswa komatshini weBrake
Iibhuleki kunye neendlela zokusebenza kufuneka zilungelelaniswe, kwaye umda wohlengahlengiso akufanele ube ngaphantsi kwesinye kwisithathu somlinganiselo wohlengahlengiso. I-stroke engasebenziyo yesibambo se-brake kunye ne-brake pedal kufuneka ihambelane neemfuno zemizobo yemveliso kunye namaxwebhu obugcisa; isiphatho sebreki okanye i-pedal ye-brake kufuneka ifikelele kwisiphumo esiphezulu sokuqhawula phakathi kweekota ezintathu ze-stroke epheleleyo. Xa amandla emisiwe, i-pedal ye-brake iya ku-Motivation kufuneka iphele nayo. Kufuneka kungabikho ukuziqhoboshela ngexesha lokuqhuba, ngaphandle kwe-electromagnetic braking ebangelwa yingxelo yamandla esithuthi.
-Iimfuno zokudityaniswa kwendlela yothumelo
Ufakelo lwemoto kufuneka luqine kwaye luthembeke, kwaye kufuneka lusebenze ngokuqhelekileyo. Kufuneka kungabikho ngxolo engaqhelekanga okanye ijita ngexesha lokusebenza. Ikhonkco lothumelo kufuneka lihambe ngokuguquguqukayo, ngokuqina okufanelekileyo kwaye kungabikho ngxolo engaqhelekanga. I-sag kufuneka ihambelane nezibonelelo zemizobo yemveliso okanye amaxwebhu obugcisa. Ibhanti yothumelo lwendlela yokuhambisa ibhanti kufuneka isebenze ngokuguquguqukayo ngaphandle kwe-jamming, ukutyibilika okanye ukukhulula. Ishafu yothumelo lwesixhobo sokuhambisa i-shaft kufuneka ihambe kakuhle ngaphandle kwengxolo engaqhelekanga.
-Iimfuno zendibano yendlela yokuhamba
Zombini ukuphuma kwesetyhula kunye nokuphuma kweradial kwisiphelo sobuso bomphetho kwindibano yevili akufunekanga ibe ngaphezulu kwe-3mm. Uphawu lomzekelo wetayara kufuneka luhambelane nemimiselo ye-GB518, kwaye ubunzulu bepateni kwisithsaba setayara kufuneka bube bukhulu okanye bulingane no-0.8mm. Ipleyiti ethethiweyo kunye nezibophelelo zamavili ezithethiweyo zigqityiwe kwaye kufuneka ziqiniswe ngokwetorque yokuqinisa echazwe kumaxwebhu obugcisa. Izixhobo zokufunxa ukothuka akufuneki zixinge okanye zenze ingxolo engaqhelekanga ngelixa uqhuba, kwaye ukuqina kwemithombo yemithombo yomothuko yasekhohlo nasekunene kufuneka ihlale injalo.
-Iinstrumentation kunye neemfuno zokuhlanganisa izixhobo zombane
Iimpawu, izixhobo kunye nezinye izixhobo zombane kunye neeswitshi kufuneka zifakwe ngokuthembekileyo, zingaguquki kwaye zisebenze, kwaye akufanele zikhululeke, zonakaliswe okanye zingasebenzi ngenxa yokungcangcazela kwesithuthi ngexesha lokuqhuba. Isitshixo akufuneki sivuleke kwaye sicime ngokwaso ngenxa yokungcangcazela kwesithuthi. Zonke iingcingo zombane kufuneka zidityaniswe, zicwangciswe kakuhle, zilungiswe kwaye zibotshwe. Izixhumi kufuneka zixhunywe ngokuthembekileyo kwaye zingakhululeki. Izixhobo zombane kufuneka zisebenze ngokuqhelekileyo, i-insulation kufuneka ithembeke, kwaye kungabikho iisekethe ezimfutshane. Iibhetri kufuneka zingavuzi okanye zidle. Isixhobo sokulinganisa isantya kufuneka sisebenze ngokufanelekileyo.
-Iimfuno zokuhlanganisa isixhobo sokhuseleko lokhuseleko
Isixhobo esichasene nobusela kufuneka sifakwe ngokuqinileyo kwaye sithembekile kwaye sinokutshixwa ngokufanelekileyo. Ukufakwa kwesixhobo sombono ongangqalanga kufuneka kuqine kwaye kuthembeke, kwaye indawo yayo kufuneka igcinwe ngokufanelekileyo. Xa abahambi ngeenyawo kunye nabanye bedibana nesixhobo sombono ongathanga ngqo, kufuneka sibe nomsebenzi wokunciphisa impembelelo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-07-2024