Ukuhlolwa kweVS Test
Ukufumanisa ngumsebenzi wobugcisa ukumisela enye okanye iimpawu ezininzi zemveliso, inkqubo okanye inkonzo enikeziweyo ngokwenkqubo ethile. Ukufumanisa mhlawumbi yeyona nkqubo ixhaphakileyo yovavanyo lokuthobela, eyinkqubo yokumisela ukuba iimveliso zihlangabezana neemfuno ezithile. Ukuhlolwa okuqhelekileyo kubandakanya ubungakanani, ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali, umgaqo wombane, ubume bomatshini, njl njl. Uvavanyo lwenziwa luluhlu olubanzi lwamaziko, kubandakanywa nee-arhente zikarhulumente, amaziko emfundo kunye namaziko ophando, imibutho yorhwebo kunye noshishino.
Uhlolo lubhekisa kuvavanyo lokuthobela ngomlinganiselo, ukujonga, ukufumanisa okanye umlinganiselo. Kuya kubakho ukugqithelana phakathi kovavanyo kunye nokuhlolwa, kwaye imisebenzi enjalo idla ngokuqhutywa ngumbutho omnye. Uhlolo ubukhulu becala luxhomekeke kuhlolo olubonakalayo, kodwa lusenokubandakanya ukubhaqwa, ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezilula, ezifana neegeyiji. Uhlolo ngokuqhelekileyo lwenziwa ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshwe kakhulu ngokwenjongo kunye neenkqubo ezisemgangathweni, kwaye uhlolo luhlala luxhomekeke kwisigwebo esizimeleyo kunye namava omhloli.
01
Awona magama abhidayo
ISO 9000 VS ISO 9001
I-ISO9000 ayibhekiseli kumgangatho, kodwa liqela lemigangatho. I-ISO9000 yentsapho yemigangatho yingcamango ebekwe phambili yi-International Organisation for Standardization (ISO) kwi-1994. Ibhekisela kwimigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe eyenziwe yi-ISO/Tc176 (iKomiti yobuGcisa yoLawulo loMgangatho kunye noQinisekiso loMgangatho we-International Organisation for Standardization).
I-ISO9001 yenye yemigangatho engundoqo yenkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho ebandakanywe kusapho lwemigangatho ye-ISO9000. Isetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba umbutho unamandla okubonelela ngeemveliso ezihlangabezana neemfuno zabathengi kunye neemfuno ezifanelekileyo zokulawula, ngenjongo yokuphucula ukwaneliseka kwabathengi. Ibandakanya imigangatho emine engundoqo: inkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho - isiseko kunye nesigama, inkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho - iimfuno, inkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho - isikhokelo sokuphucula ukusebenza, kunye nesikhokelo sophicotho lomgangatho kunye nenkqubo yolawulo lokusingqongileyo.
Isatifikethi VS ukuqatshelwa
Isiqinisekiso sibhekisa kwimisebenzi yovavanyo lokuthobela apho iqumrhu loqinisekiso liqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso, iinkonzo kunye neenkqubo zolawulo zithobela iimfuno ezisisinyanzelo okanye imigangatho yeenkcukacha zobugcisa ezifanelekileyo.
Ukuvunywa kubhekiselele kwimisebenzi yovavanyo lwesiqinisekiso semfundo evunywa liqumrhu loqinisekiso kwisakhono kunye nokuziqhelanisa nesiqinisekiso sequmrhu loqinisekiso, iqumrhu lokuhlola, ilabhoratri kunye nabasebenzi ababandakanyeka kuphononongo, uphicotho-zincwadi kunye neminye imisebenzi yoqinisekiso.
CNAS VS CMA
I-CMA, imfutshane ye-China Metrology Accreditation.Umthetho weMetroloji weRiphabhliki yaBantu baseTshayina umisela ukuba iziko lokuhlolwa komgangatho wemveliso elibonelela ngedatha engaziwayo kuluntu kufuneka liphumelele ukuqinisekiswa kwemitha, ukukwazi ukuvavanywa kunye novavanyo lokuthembeka lisebe lolawulo lwemetroloji likarhulumente wabantu okanye ngaphezulu kwinqanaba lephondo. Olu vavanyo lubizwa ngokuba sisiqinisekiso se-metrological.
Izatifikethi zeMetroloji yindlela yovavanyo olusisinyanzelo lwamaziko okuhlola (ielabhoratri) akhupha idatha engaziwayo kuluntu ngomthetho we-metrological e-China, ekunokuthiwa kukuvunywa okunyanzelekileyo kweelabhoratri ngurhulumente ezineempawu zaseTshayina. Idatha enikezelwe liziko lokuhlola umgangatho wemveliso eliphumelele isiqinisekiso semetroloji iya kusetyenziselwa isiqinisekiso sorhwebo, ukuvavanywa komgangatho wemveliso kunye novavanyo lokuphumelela njengedatha ye-notarial kwaye ibe nesiphumo somthetho.
CNAS: China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment (CNAS) liziko lokuvunywa lesizwe elisekwe kwaye ligunyaziswe yiNational Certification and Accreditation Administration Commission ngokuhambelana nemimiselo yeMithetho yeRiphabhlikhi yaBantu baseTshayina kwiSiqinisekiso kunye nokuVunywa, onoxanduva. ukulungiselela ukuvunywa kwamaqumrhu esiqinisekiso, iilabhoratri, amaziko okuhlola namanye amaziko afanelekileyo.
Ukuvunywa kwelabhoratri kungokuzithandela kwaye kuthabatha inxaxheba. Umgangatho owamkelweyo ulingana ne-iso/iec17025:2005. Kukho isivumelwano sokwamkelwana esisayinwe ne-ILAC kunye neminye imibutho yentsebenziswano yolwamkelo lwelabhoratri yezizwe ngezizwe ukuze samkelwe.
Uphicotho-zincwadi lwangaphakathi xa kuthelekiswa nophicotho-zincwadi lwangaphandle
Uphicotho-zincwadi lwangaphakathi kukuphucula ulawulo lwangaphakathi, ukukhuthaza ukuphucuka komgangatho ngokuthatha amanyathelo ahambelanayo okulungisa kunye nokuthintela iingxaki ezifunyenweyo, uphicotho lwangaphakathi lweshishini, uphicotho lweqela lokuqala, kunye nokubona indlela eqhuba ngayo inkampani yakho.
Uphicotho-zincwadi lwangaphandle lubhekisa kuphicotho-zincwadi lwenkampani yinkampani yezatifikethi, kunye nophicotho lweqela lesithathu ukubona ukuba inkampani isebenza ngokwenkqubo eqhelekileyo, kunye nokuba isiqinisekiso soqinisekiso sinokunikwa kusini na.
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Amagama esatifikethi asetyenziswa kakhulu
1. Iziko loqinisekiso: libhekisa kwiziko elivunyiweyo lisebe lezatifiketi kunye nolwamkelo kunye nolawulo lweBhunga leSizwe, kwaye lifumene isiqinisekiso somntu osemthethweni ngokomthetho, kwaye linokuzibandakanya kwimisebenzi yoqinisekiso ngaphakathi kwendawo yokuvunywa.
2. Uphicotho-zincwadi: lubhekisa kwinkqubo ecwangcisiweyo, ezimeleyo nebhaliweyo yokufumana ubungqina bophicotho-zincwadi nokuyiphonononga ngokugqibeleleyo ukuze kumiselwe iqondo lokuhlangabezana nemigaqo yophicotho.
3. Umphicothi-zincwadi: ubhekisa kumntu onesakhono sokwenza uphicotho.
4. Isebe lezatifikethi lengingqi kunye nesebe lolawulo libhekiselele kuhlolo lokuphuma kwendawo kunye neziko lokuvalelwa kwabantu elisekwe lisebe lolawulo lomgangatho nobugcisa borhulumente wabantu bephondo, ummandla ozimeleyo kunye nomasipala ngqo phantsi koRhulumente oyiNtloko kunye nolawulo lomgangatho, ukuhlolwa kunye nesebe lokuvalelwa kweBhunga leSizwe eligunyaziswe lisebe lezatifikethi kunye nolwamkelo kunye nesebe lolawulo.
5. Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-CCC: kubhekiselele kwisiqinisekiso esisisinyanzelo semveliso.
6. Ukuthunyelwa kwefayile: kubhekiselele ekuphunyezweni kwenkqubo yokufayilisha yezempilo nguRhulumente kumashishini abandakanyeka kwimveliso, ukusetyenzwa kunye nokugcinwa kokutya okuthunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle (emva koku kubhekiselwa kuwo njengamashishini okuvelisa ukutya kumazwe angaphandle) ngokuhambelana neemfuno zoMthetho woKhuseleko lokutya. . ULawulo lweSiqinisekiso seSizwe kunye noLwamkelo (emva koku lubizwa ngokuba luLawulo lweSiqinisekiso kunye noQinisekiso) luphethe umsebenzi werekhodi yezempilo yamashishini esizwe avelisa ukutya ngaphandle. Onke amashishini avelisa, aqhuba kwaye agcine ukutya kumazwe angaphandle kummandla wePeople's Republic of China kufuneka afumane isiqinisekiso serekhodi yezempilo phambi kokuba avelise, aqhube kwaye agcine ukutya kwamanye amazwe.
7. Isindululo sangaphandle: sibhekisa kwinto yokuba emva kokuba ishishini lemveliso yokutya kumazwe angaphandle elifaka isicelo sobhaliso lwezempilo lwangaphandle luphumelele uphononongo kunye nolawulo lwe-entry-exit inspection kunye ne-quarantine bureau ephantsi kolawulo lwalo, i-entry-exit inspection kunye ne-quarantine bureau iya kungenisa ishishini. isicelo semathiriyeli yobhaliso lwezempilo lwangaphandle kwiSizwe soQinisekiso kunye noLawulo loQinisekiso (emva koku ekubhekiselwa kulo njengoLawulo lweSiqinisekiso kunye noQinisekiso), kwaye ikhomishini yoqinisekiso kunye neyokuvunywa iya kuqinisekisa ukuba iyahlangabezana neemfuno, i-CNCA (egameni elithi "iSatifikethi seSizwe kunye Ulawulo loQinisekiso lweRiphabhlikhi yaBantu baseTshayina”) luya kucebisa ngokufanayo kumagunya afanelekileyo kumazwe okanye iingingqi ezifanelekileyo.
8. Ukubhaliswa kwamanye amazwe kubhekiselele ekukhutshweni ngokusesikweni kunye nokuphunyezwa kweMibonelelo yoBhaliso kunye noLawulo lwaMashishini oMveliso waNgaphandle koKutya okuNgaphandle kwe-2002, esebenzayo ekubhaliseni nasekulawuleni imveliso yangaphandle, ukusetyenzwa kunye nokugcinwa kwamashishini (emva koku kubhekiselwa kuwo njenge. amashishini emveliso yangaphandle) ukuthumela ukutya eChina. Abavelisi bamazwe angaphandle abathumela iimveliso kwiKhathalogu ukuya eTshayina kufuneka bafake isicelo sobhaliso kuLawulo lweSiqinisekiso seSizwe kunye noLawulo lokuQinisekisa. Ukutya kwabavelisi bamazwe angaphandle ngaphandle kokubhaliswa akusayi kuthunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle.
9. I-HACCP: Uhlalutyo lweengozi kunye neNdawo yoLawulo oluPhambili. I-HACCP ngumgaqo osisiseko okhokela amashishini okutya ukuseka inkqubo yolawulo lokhuseleko lokutya, egxininisa uthintelo lweengozi kunokuxhomekeka ekuhlolweni kweemveliso zokugqibela. Inkqubo yokulawula ukhuseleko lokutya esekwe kwi-HACCP ibizwa ngokuba yi-HACCP. Yinkqubo yokuchonga, yokuvavanya nokulawula iingozi ezibalulekileyo zokhuseleko lokutya.
I-10, i-Organic Agriculture: ibhekisela "Ngokuhambelana nemigangatho ethile yemveliso yezolimo, asisebenzisi izinto eziphilayo kunye nemveliso yazo efunyenwe ngobunjineli bemfuza kwimveliso, musa ukusebenzisa imichiza ebulala izinambuzane, izichumisi, izilawuli zokukhula, izongezo zokutya kunye nezinye izinto, ukulandela imithetho yendalo kunye nemithetho-siseko ye-ecology, ukulungelelanisa ulungelelwaniso phakathi kokutyala kunye ne-aquaculture, kunye nokwamkela uthotho lobuchwepheshe bezolimo obuzinzileyo ukugcina inkqubo yemveliso yezolimo ezinzileyo nezinzileyo. I-China inomgangatho wesizwe weeMveliso ze-Organic (GB/T19630-2005) yakhutshwa.
11. Ukuqinisekiswa kwemveliso ye-Organic: kubhekiselele kwimisebenzi yamaziko okuqinisekisa ukuvavanya imveliso kunye nenkqubo yokucubungula iimveliso eziphilayo ngokuhambelana neMiqathango yoLawulo lweSiqinisekiso seMveliso ye-Organic (AQSIQ Decree [2004] No. 67) kunye nezinye izibonelelo zesatifikethi, kunye zingqina ukuba ziyayifezekisa imigangatho yesizwe yeeMveliso zeOrganic.
12. Iimveliso ze-Organic: zibhekiselele kwiimveliso eziveliswayo, ezilungiswayo nezithengiswa ngokuhambelana nemigangatho yesizwe yeemveliso ze-organic neziqinisekiswa ngamaziko asemthethweni.
13. Ukutya okuluhlaza: kubhekiselele kukutya okulinyiweyo, okulinywayo, okugalelwe isichumiso se-organic, kunye nokucutshungulwa kwaye kuveliswe phantsi kokusingqongileyo okusemgangathweni, iteknoloji yemveliso, kunye nemigangatho yezempilo ngaphandle kwetyhefu ephezulu kunye nezibulala-zinambuzane ezihlala phantsi kweemeko ezingcolileyo, kunye iqinisekiswe ngugunyaziwe wesatifikethi kunye neleyibhile yokutya okuluhlaza. (Isiqinisekiso sisekwe kumgangatho weshishini loMphathiswa wezoLimo.)
14. Iimveliso zezolimo ezingangcolisekiyo: zibhekisa kwimveliso yezolimo engekalungiswa okanye esetyenziwe ekuqaleni, apho imeko yayo yemveliso, inkqubo yemveliso kunye nomgangatho wemveliso ihlangabezana neemfuno zemigangatho yesizwe efanelekileyo kunye neenkcukacha, eziye zaqinisekiswa ukuba zifanelekile kwaye zifumene isatifikethi kwaye zifanelekile. kuvunyelwe ukusebenzisa ilogo yemveliso yezolimo engangcolisekanga.
15. Isiqinisekiso senkqubo yokhuseleko lokutya: sibhekisa ekusetyenzisweni komgaqo we-HACCP kuyo yonke inkqubo yenkqubo yolawulo lokhuseleko lokutya, ekwadibanisa iimfuno ezifanelekileyo zenkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho, kwaye ikhokele ngakumbi ukusebenza, isiqinisekiso kunye novavanyo ulawulo lokhuseleko lokutya. NgokweMithetho yoPhumezo lweSiqinisekiso seNkqubo yoLawulo loKhuseleko lokuTya, iqumrhu lesatifikethi lenza imisebenzi yovavanyo lwesiqinisekiso kumashishini okuvelisa ukutya ngokuhambelana ne-GB/T22000 “Inkqubo yoLawulo loKhuseleko lokuTya-IiMfuneko kwiMibutho eyahlukahlukeneyo kwiTyayini yokutya” kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ezizodwa. iimfuno zobugcisa, ezibizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yolawulo lokhuseleko lokutya isatifikethi (isiqinisekiso seFSMS ngokufutshane).
16. UMHLABA – Uqheliselo oluLungileyo lwezoLimo: Ibhekisa ekusetyenzisweni kolwazi lwezolimo lwale mihla ukulawula ngokwenzululwazi yonke imiba yemveliso yezolimo, nokukhuthaza uphuhliso oluzinzileyo lwezolimo ngelixa kuqinisekiswa umgangatho kunye nokhuseleko lwemveliso yezolimo.
17. Isenzo esiLungileyo soMveliso: (i-GMP-Good Manufacturing Practice): Ibhekisa kwinkqubo yolawulo lomgangatho olubanzi efumana umgangatho olindelekileyo weemveliso ngokucacisa iimeko zehardware (ezifana nezakhiwo zefektri, izibonelelo, izixhobo kunye nezixhobo) kunye neemfuno zolawulo ( ezifana nolawulo lwemveliso kunye nokulungiswa, ukupakishwa, ukugcinwa, ukuhanjiswa, ucoceko lwabasebenzi kunye noqeqesho, njl.njl.) ezo mveliso kufuneka zibe nazo ukwenzela ukuveliswa nokusetyenzwa, kunye nokuphumeza ulawulo lwezenzululwazi kunye nokubekwa esweni okungqongqo kuyo yonke inkqubo yemveliso. Imixholo echazwe kwi-GMP zezona meko zisisiseko ekufuneka amashishini okulungisa ukutya ahlangabezane nazo, kunye nezinto ezifunekayo kuphuhliso nokuphunyezwa kwezinye iinkqubo zokhuseleko lokutya kunye nolawulo lomgangatho.
18. Isiqinisekiso semarike yohlaza: ibhekisa kuvavanyo kunye nesiqinisekiso sendawo yokuthengisa kunye nentengiso yentengiso, izixhobo (umboniso wogcino, ubhaqo, ukusetyenzwa) iimfuno ezingenayo zomgangatho kunye nolawulo, kunye nokugcinwa kwempahla, ukugcinwa, ukupakishwa, ulawulo lococeko, ukutya kwendawo. ukusetyenzwa, ukuthengisa ngetyala kunye nezinye izibonelelo zenkonzo kunye neenkqubo.
19. Ukufaneleka kweelabhoratri kunye namaziko okuhlola: kubhekiselele kwiimeko kunye nezakhono ekufuneka iilabhoratri kunye namaziko okuhlola abonelela ngedatha kunye neziphumo ezinobungqina eluntwini.
20. Ukuvunywa kweelabhoratri kunye namaziko okuhlola: kubhekiselele kwimisebenzi yovavanyo kunye nokwamkelwa eyenziwa yiNational Certification and Accreditation Administration kunye nomgangatho kunye namasebe olongamelo lobugcisa borhulumente babantu bamaphondo, imimandla ezimeleyo kunye noomasipala ngokuthe ngqo phantsi koRhulumente oMkhulu malunga nokuba. iimeko ezisisiseko kunye nobuchule beelebhu kunye namaziko okuhlola ahambelana nemithetho, imimiselo yolawulo kunye neenkcukacha zobugcisa ezifanelekileyo okanye imigangatho.
21. Isiqinisekiso seMetroloji: Sibhekiselele kuvavanyo loqinisekiso lwemitha, ukusebenza kwezixhobo zovavanyo, indawo yokusebenza kunye nezakhono zokusebenza zabasebenzi, kunye nokukwazi kwenkqubo yomgangatho ukuqinisekisa ukufana nokuchanekileyo amaxabiso okulinganisa. amaziko okuhlolwa komgangatho wemveliso abonelela ngedatha enobulungisa kuluntu nguLawulo lweSizwe lokuQinisekisa kunye namasebe okuhlola umgangatho wendawo ngokuhambelana namalungiselelo emithetho efanelekileyo kunye nemimiselo yolawulo, kunye nokukwazi kwenkqubo yomgangatho ukuqinisekisa uvavanyo olunobulungisa noluthembekileyo. idatha.
22. Uphononongo kunye nokwamkelwa (ukwamkelwa): kubhekiselele kuphononongo lwamandla okuhlola kunye nenkqubo yomgangatho wamaziko okuhlola aqhuba umsebenzi wokuhlola ukuba ngaba iimveliso ziyayifezekisa imigangatho kunye nomsebenzi wokuhlola kunye nokuhlolwa kweminye imigangatho yiNational Accreditation Administration. kunye namasebe okuhlola umgangatho wengingqi ngokuhambelana nezibonelelo zemithetho efanelekileyo kunye nemimiselo yolawulo.
23. Ukuqinisekiswa kwesakhono selabhoratri: Kubhekiselele ekumiselweni kwesakhono sovavanyo lwaselabhoratri ngokuthelekisa phakathi kweelabhoratri.
24. Imvumelwano yokuqaphela ukungqinelana (MRA): ibhekisa kwisivumelwano sokuhoyana esisayinwe ngoorhulumente bobabini okanye amaziko ovavanyo lokuthobela kwiziphumo zovavanyo oluthe ngqo lokuthobela kunye nokwamkelwa kweziphumo zovavanyo lokuthobela amaziko ovavanyo lokuthobela angaphakathi ngaphakathi kobubanzi besivumelwano.
03
Isigama esinxulumene nesiqinisekiso semveliso kunye nombutho
1. Umfaki-sicelo/umxhasi wesiqinisekiso: zonke iintlobo zemibutho ebhaliswe nesebe lolawulo kushishino norhwebo kunye nokufumana iilayisensi zoshishino ngokomthetho, kuquka zonke iintlobo zemibutho enobuntu obusemthethweni, kwakunye neminye imibutho esekwe ngokusemthethweni, inemibutho ethile. izakhiwo kunye neepropati, kodwa abanalo ubuntu esemthethweni, ezifana amashishini proprietorship kuphela, amashishini intsebenziswano, intsebenziswano-uhlobo amashishini adityanisiweyo, amashishini entsebenziswano Chinese-angaphandle, amashishini asebenzayo kunye namashishini angaphandle-mali ngaphandle kobuntu zomthetho, Amasebe asekwe kwaye anikwe imvume ngabantu abasemthethweni. kunye namashishini ngabanye. Qaphela: Umfaki-sicelo uba ngumnini-layisenisi emva kokufumana isatifikethi.
2. Umenzi/umvelisi wemveliso: umbutho womntu osemthethweni obekwe kwindawo enye okanye ezingaphezulu ezizinzileyo oqhuba okanye olawula uyilo, ukuvelisa, ukuphonononga, unyango kunye nokugcinwa kweemveliso, ukuze ube noxanduva lokuthotyelwa okuqhubekayo kweemveliso ezifanelekileyo. iimfuno, kwaye athathe uxanduva olupheleleyo kuloo miba.
3. Umenzi (indawo yokuvelisa)/ishishini eliphathisiweyo lokuvelisa: indawo apho indibano yokugqibela kunye/okanye uvavanyo lweemveliso eziqinisekisiweyo lwenziwa khona, kunye namanqaku okuqinisekisa kunye nee-arhente zokuqinisekisa zisetyenziselwa ukuphumeza iinkonzo zokulandelela umkhondo kubo. Qaphela: Ngokubanzi, umenzi uya kuba yindawo yokuhlanganisa okokugqibela, uhlolo lwesiqhelo, uvavanyo lokuqinisekisa (ukuba lukhona), ukupakishwa, kunye nokuncamatheliswa kweplate yegama lemveliso kunye nophawu lwesiqinisekiso. Xa ezi nkqubo zingentla zeemveliso zingenako ukugqityezelwa kwindawo enye, indawo egqibeleleyo kubandakanywa ubuncinci besiqhelo, ukuhlolwa kokuqinisekisa (ukuba kukho), iplate yegama lemveliso kunye nophawu lwesiqinisekiso ziya kukhethelwa ukuhlolwa, kunye nelungelo lokuhlola ngakumbi kwezinye iindawo zigcinwe.
4. I-OEM (i-Original Equipment Manufacturer) umenzi: umenzi ovelisa iimveliso eziqinisekisiweyo ngokoyilo, ulawulo lwenkqubo yokuvelisa kunye neemfuno zokuhlola ezinikezelwa ngumxhasi. Qaphela: Umxhasi unokuba ngumfaki-sicelo okanye umenzi. Umvelisi we-OEM uvelisa iimveliso eziqinisekisiweyo phantsi kwezixhobo zomenzi we-OEM ngokoyilo, ulawulo lwenkqubo yemveliso kunye neemfuno zokuhlola ezibonelelwa ngumxhasi. Iimpawu zorhwebo zabafaki zicelo/abavelisi abohlukeneyo zingasetyenziswa. Abaxumi abohlukeneyo kunye neeOEMs ziya kuhlolwa ngokwahlukeneyo. Izinto zenkqubo aziyi kuhlolwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kodwa ulawulo lwenkqubo yokuvelisa kunye neemfuno zokuhlolwa kweemveliso kunye nokuhlolwa kokuhambelana kwemveliso akunakukhululwa.
5. I-ODM (i-Original Design Manufacturer) umenzi: i-factory eyila, iqhube kwaye ivelise imveliso efanayo kumvelisi omnye okanye ngaphezulu ngokusebenzisa iimfuno zesakhono sokuqinisekisa umgangatho ofanayo, imveliso efanayo yoyilo, ulawulo lwenkqubo yokuvelisa kunye neemfuno zokuhlola.
6. Umnini wesatifikethi sokuqala se-ODM: umbutho obambe imveliso ye-ODM isiqinisekiso sokuqala semveliso. 1.7 Umbutho lowo umthengisi ubonelela ngamacandelo, iinxalenye kunye nemathiriyeli ekrwada ukuze umenzi avelise iimveliso eziqinisekisiweyo. Qaphela: Xa ufaka isicelo soqinisekiso, ukuba umthengisi ungumthengisi/umthengisi, umenzi okanye umenzi wamalungu, iinxalenye kunye nemathiriyeli ekrwada nazo kufuneka zichazwe.
04
Isigama esinxulumene nesiqinisekiso semveliso kunye nombutho
1. Isicelo esitsha: zonke izicelo zoqinisekiso ngaphandle kotshintsho lwesicelo kunye nokuhlaziywa kwesicelo zizicelo ezitsha.
2. Isicelo sokwandiswa: umfaki-sicelo, umenzi kunye nomvelisi sele efumene isiqinisekiso seemveliso, kunye nesicelo sokuqinisekiswa kweemveliso ezintsha zohlobo olufanayo. Qaphela: Iimveliso ezifanayo zibhekisa kwiimveliso ngaphakathi kobubanzi bekhowudi yenkcazo yefektri efanayo.
3. Isicelo sokwandiswa: umfaki-sicelo, umenzi kunye nomenzi sele efumene isiqinisekiso seemveliso, kunye nesicelo sokuqinisekiswa kweemveliso ezintsha zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo. Qaphela: Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeemveliso zibhekisa kwiimveliso ngaphakathi kwendawo yeekhowudi ezahlukeneyo zasefektri.
4. Isicelo semodi ye-ODM: isicelo kwimodi ye-ODM. Imowudi ye-ODM, oko kukuthi, abavelisi be-ODM bayila, baqhube kwaye bavelise iimveliso zabavelisi ngokuhambelana nezivumelwano ezifanelekileyo kunye namanye amaxwebhu.
5. Guqula isicelo: isicelo esenziwe ngumnini sokutshintshwa kolwazi lwesatifikethi, umbutho kunye nokuchaphazela ukuhambelana kwemveliso.
6. Isicelo sokuphononongwa kwakhona: phambi kokuphelelwa kwesatifikethi, ukuba umnini ufuna ukuqhubeka ebambe isatifikethi, uya kuphinda afake isicelo semveliso kunye nesatifikethi. Qaphela: Isicelo sokuphononongwa kwakhona siya kungeniswa ngaphambi kokuphela kwesatifikethi, kwaye isatifikethi esitsha siya kukhutshwa ngaphambi kokuphela kwesiqinisekiso, ngaphandle koko siya kuthathwa njengesicelo esitsha.
7. Ukuhlolwa kwefektri ngokungaqhelekanga: ngenxa yomjikelo omde wokuhlola okanye ezinye izizathu, ishishini lifake isicelo kwaye livunyiwe ngugunyaziwe wesatifikethi, kodwa uvavanyo olusesikweni lwemveliso olufake isicelo sokuqinisekiswa alukagqitywa.
05
Isigama esinxulumene novavanyo
1. Ukuhlolwa kwemveliso / uvavanyo lohlobo lwemveliso: ukuhlolwa kwemveliso kubhekiselele kwikhonkco kwinkqubo yokuqinisekiswa kwemveliso ukumisela iimpawu zemveliso ngokuvavanya, kubandakanywa iimfuno zesampuli kunye neemfuno zokuvavanya. Uvavanyo lohlobo lwemveliso kukuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso ihlangabezana nazo zonke iimfuno zemigangatho yemveliso. Ukuhlolwa kwemveliso ngokubanzi kubandakanya uvavanyo lohlobo lwemveliso; Ngengqiqo emxinwa, ukuhlolwa kwemveliso kubhekiselele kuvavanyo olwenziwe ngokwezinye izikhombisi zemigangatho yemveliso okanye imigangatho yeempawu zemveliso. Okwangoku, iimvavanyo ezisekelwe kwimigangatho yokhuseleko lwemveliso zikwachazwa njengovavanyo lohlobo lwemveliso.
2. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo / ukuhlolwa kwenkqubo: Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kukuhlolwa kwe-100% yeemveliso kumgca wemveliso kwinqanaba lokugqibela lokuvelisa. Ngokubanzi, emva kokuhlolwa, akukho msebenzi wokuqhubela phambili ofunekayo ngaphandle kokupakishwa kunye nokuleyibheli. Qaphela: Uhlolo lwesiqhelo lunokwenziwa ngendlela elinganayo kunye nekhawulezayo egqitywe emva kokuqinisekiswa.
Ukuhlolwa kwenkqubo kubhekisela ekuhlolweni kwenqaku lokuqala, imveliso egqityiweyo okanye inkqubo ephambili kwinkqubo yokuvelisa, enokuthi ibe yi-100% yokuhlola okanye ukuhlolwa kwesampuli. Ukuhlolwa kwenkqubo kusebenza kwiimveliso zokwenziwa kwezinto, kwaye igama elithi "ukuhlolwa kwenkqubo" likwasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimigangatho ehambelanayo.
3. Ukuqinisekiswa kokuhlolwa / ukuhlolwa kokunikezelwa: ukuhlolwa kokuqinisekisa kukuhlolwa kweesampuli ukuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso iyaqhubeka ihlangabezana neemfuno zomgangatho. Uvavanyo lokuqinisekisa luya kwenziwa ngokweendlela ezichazwe kumgangatho. Qaphela: Ukuba umenzi akanazo izixhobo zovavanyo, uhlolo lokuqinisekisa lunokuthi lunikezelwe kwilabhoratri enobuchule.
Uhlolo lwangaphambili lwefektri luhlolo lokugqibela lweemveliso xa ziphuma kumzi-mveliso. Ukuhlolwa kokuhanjiswa kuyasebenza kwiimveliso zokwenziwa kwezinto. Igama elithi "ukuhlolwa kokuziswa" likwasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimigangatho ehambelanayo. Ukuhlolwa kokuhanjiswa kufuneka kugqitywe ngumzi-mveliso.
4. Uvavanyo olutyunjiweyo: uvavanyo olwenziwa ngumenzi kwindawo yokuvelisa ngokwezinto ezikhethwe ngumhloli ngokwemigangatho (okanye imigaqo yoqinisekiso) ukwenzela ukuvavanya ukuhambelana kwemveliso.
06
Isigama esinxulumene nokuhlolwa kwefektri
1. Ukuhlolwa kwefektri: ukuhlolwa kwesakhono sokuqinisekisa umgangatho wefektri kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemveliso eqinisekisiweyo.
2. Uhlolo lokuqala lwefektri: ukuhlolwa komzi-mveliso womvelisi ofaka isicelo soqinisekiso phambi kokufumana isiqinisekiso.
3. Ukongamela kunye nokuhlolwa emva kokuqinisekiswa: Ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso eziqinisekisiweyo ziyaqhubeka ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zesatifikethi, ukuhlolwa kwefektri rhoqo okanye okungaqhelekanga kuyenziwa ukwenzela umenzi, kwaye uhlolo kunye nokuhlolwa kudla ngokuqhuba imisebenzi yokuhlola isampuli kwifektri. xeshanye.
4. Ukongamela kunye nokuhlolwa okuqhelekileyo: ukubeka iliso kunye nokuhlolwa emva kokuqinisekiswa ngokuhambelana nomjikelo wokusuphavayiza ochazwe kwimigaqo yoqinisekiso. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubhekiselwa kuko njengokongamela kunye nokuhlolwa. Ukuhlolwa kunokwenziwa kunye okanye ngaphandle kwesaziso sangaphambili.
5. Ukuhlolwa kwenqwelomoya: uhlobo lolawulo oluqhelekileyo kunye nokuhlolwa, oko kukuthi ukwabela iqela lokuhlola ukuba lifike ngqo kwindawo yokuvelisa ngokwemigaqo efanelekileyo ngaphandle kokwazisa umntu onikwe iphepha-mvume/umenzi kwangaphambili ukuba aqhube uhlolo kunye/okanye umzi-mveliso. ukubeka iliso kunye neesampuli kwishishini elinelayisensi.
6. Ukongamela olukhethekileyo kunye nokuhlolwa: uhlobo lokubek' iliso kunye nokuhlolwa emva kokuqinisekiswa, oko kukwandisa ukuphindaphinda kokubeka iliso kunye nokuhlolwa kunye / okanye ukubeka iliso kwifektri kunye nesampuli kumenzi ngokwemigaqo yesiqinisekiso. Qaphela: ukubeka iliso nokuhlolwa okukodwa akunako ukuthatha indawo yolawulo nokuhlolwa okuqhelekileyo.
07
Isigama esinxulumene novavanyo lokuthobela
1. Uvavanyo: ukuhlolwa / ukuhlolwa kweemveliso eziqinisekisiweyo, ukuphononongwa kwesakhono sokuqinisekisa umgangatho womenzi kunye nokuhlolwa kokuhambelana kwemveliso ngokweemfuno zemigaqo yokuqinisekiswa.
2. Uphicotho-zincwadi: phambi kwesigqibo sesiqinisekiso, qinisekisa ukugqibelela, ubunyani kunye nokuthotyelwa kolwazi olunikezelwe kwisicelo sesiqinisekiso semveliso, imisebenzi yovavanyo kunye nokunqunyanyiswa, ukurhoxiswa, ukurhoxiswa kunye nokufunyanwa kwesatifikethi sesiqinisekiso.
3. Isigqibo sesiqinisekiso: gweba ukuphumelela kwemisebenzi yoqinisekiso, kwaye wenze isigqibo sokugqibela malunga nokuba uyasifumana na isatifikethi kunye nokuba uyasivuma na, uyasigcina, uyasirhoxisa, usirhoxise, usirhoxise kwaye usibuyise isiqinisekiso.
4. Uvandlakanyo lokuqala: inxalenye yesigqibo soqinisekiso luqinisekiso lokugqibelela, ukuthotyelwa kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kolwazi olunikezelweyo kwinqanaba lokugqibela lomsebenzi wovavanyo lwesiqinisekiso semveliso.
5. Ukuphononongwa kwakhona: icandelo lesigqibo sokuqinisekiswa kukuqinisekisa ubunyaniso bemisebenzi yoqinisekiso kwaye wenze isigqibo sokugqibela malunga nokuba usifumene isatifikethi kunye nokuba uyasivuma na, usigcine, usirhoxise, usirhoxise, usirhoxise kwaye usibuyisele isatifikethi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-17-2023