Ngaphambi kokuba siqonde izizathu, kufuneka kuqala sazi ukuba yintoni "ukukhanya kwelanga"yiyo.
Ukukhawuleza kokukhanya kwelanga: kubhekisa ekukwazini kweempahla ezidayiweyo ukugcina umbala wazo wokuqala phantsi kokukhanya kwelanga. Ngokwemimiselo eqhelekileyo, umlinganiselo wokukhawuleza kwelanga usekelwe ekukhanyeni kwelanga njengomgangatho. Ukuze kube lula ukulawula kwibhubhoratri, imithombo yokukhanya eyenziweyo isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwaye ilungiswe xa kuyimfuneko. Owona mthombo wokukhanya wokwenziwa osetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kukukhanya kwe-hernia, kodwa izibane ze-carbon arc nazo ziyasetyenziswa. Ngaphantsi kokukhanya kokukhanya, idayi ithatha amandla okukhanya, izinga lamandla liyanda, kwaye iamolekyu zikwimeko evuyayo. Inkqubo yemibala yeemolekyuli zedayi iyatshintsha okanye itshatyalaliswe, nto leyo ebangela ukuba idayi ibole kwaye ibangele ukujika kombala okanye ukuphela.
1. Impembelelo yokukhanya kwiidayi
Xa i-molecule yedayi ifunxa amandla ephoton, iya kubangela ukuba ii-electron ze-valence zangaphandle ze-molecule zitshintshe ukusuka kumhlaba womhlaba ukuya kwimeko evuyayo.
Iimpendulo zefotokhemikhali zenzeka phakathi kweemolekyuli zedayi ezichwayitisayo kunye nezinye iimolekyuli, okukhokelela ekubeni ifotofade yedayi kunye ne-photobrittleness yefiber.
2.Izinto ezichaphazela ukukhanya kokukhanya kwedayi
1). Umthombo wokukhanya kunye nobude bokukhanya kwe-irradiating;
2). Imiba yokusingqongileyo;
3). Iipropati zeMichiza kunye nesakhiwo sombutho weefayili;
4). Amandla okudibanisa phakathi kwedayi kunye nefayibha;
5). Ubume bekhemikhali bedayi;
6). Ukugxininiswa kwedayi kunye nesimo sokudibanisa;
7). Impembelelo yombilo eyenziweyo kwidayi yefotofading;
8). Impembelelo yezongezo.
3.Iindlela zokuphucula ukukhanya kwelanga kwiidayi
1). Ukuphucula ukwakheka kwedayi ukuze ikwazi ukusebenzisa amandla okukhanya ngelixa inciphisa impembelelo kwindlela yombala wedayi, ngaloo ndlela igcina umbala wokuqala; oko kukuthi, iidayi ezinokukhanya okuphezulu ngokukhawuleza zidla ngokuthethwa. Ixabiso ledayi elinjalo liphezulu kunelo ledayi eqhelekileyo. Amalaphu aneemfuno eziphezulu zokubeka ilanga, kufuneka uqale uqale ngokukhetha idayi.
2). Ukuba ilaphu lidayiwe kwaye ukukhawuleza kokukhanya akuhambelani neemfuno, kunokuphuculwa ngokusebenzisa izongezo. Yongeza izongezo ezifanelekileyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokudaya okanye emva kokudaya, ukwenzela ukuba xa ibonakaliswe ekukhanyeni, iya kusabela ngokukhanya phambi kwedayi kwaye isebenzise amandla okukhanya, ngaloo ndlela ikhusela iimolekyuli zedayi. Ngokuqhelekileyo yahlulahlulwe kwii-absorbents ze-ultraviolet kunye ne-anti-ultraviolet agents, ngokudibeneyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-sun fastness enhancers.
Ukukhanya kwelanga ngokukhawuleza kwamalaphu anombala okhanyayo adayiwe ngedayi esebenzayo
Ukukhanya kokukhanya kweedayi ezisebenzayo yi-photooxychlorination reaction enzima kakhulu. Emva kokuqonda umatshini wokufota, sinokwenza ngesazela imiqobo kwindlela yokusabela kwefotooxidation xa siyila imolekyuli yedayi ukulibazisa ukuphela kokukhanya. Umzekelo, iidayi ezityheli eziqulethe amaqela e-dolsulfonic acid kunye neepyrazolones, iidayi eziluhlaza ezine-methyl phthalocyanine kunye ne-disazo trichelate rings, kunye nedayi ebomvu equlethe iicomplexes zentsimbi, kodwa azikwazi ukumelana nokukhanya kwelanga okubomvu. Idayi ezisebenzayo zokukhanya ngokukhawuleza.
Ukukhanya okukhawulezayo kwempahla edayiweyo kuyahluka ngokutshintsha koxinaniso lokudaya. Kwimpahla edaywe ngedayi efanayo kwifayibha enye, ukukhawuleza kokukhanya kuyanda ngokunyuka koxinzelelo lokudaya. Ukugxininiswa kokudaya kwamalaphu anombala okhanyayo aphantsi kwaye ukukhanya okukhawulezayo kuphantsi. idigri yehle ngokufanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhanya okukhawulezayo kweedayi eziqhelekileyo kwikhadi lombala wedayi eprintiweyo kulinganiswa xa ugxininiso lokudaya luyi-1/1 yobunzulu obuqhelekileyo (oko kukuthi i-1% ye-owf okanye i-20-30g / l yoxinaniso lwedayi). Ukuba ugxininiso lokudaya luyi-1/ 6. Kwimeko ye-1/12 okanye i-1/25, ukukhawuleza kokukhanya kuya kuhla kakhulu.
Abanye abantu bacebise ukusebenzisa i-ultraviolet absorbers ukuphucula ukukhanya kwelanga. Le yindlela engafunekiyo. Kusetyenziswa imisebe ye-ultraviolet eninzi, kwaye inokuphuculwa kuphela ngesiqingatha sesinyathelo, kwaye iindleko ziphezulu kakhulu. Ngoko ke, ukhetho olufanelekileyo lwedayi lunokusombulula ingxaki yokukhanya ngokukhawuleza.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-30-2024