Izindlela zokuhlolaizingxenye ezinesitembu
Sula ubuso bekhava yangaphandle nge-gauze ehlanzekile. Umhloli udinga ukugqoka amagilavu okuthintwa ukuze athinte indawo egxivizwe ngobude, futhi le ndlela yokuhlola incike kokuhlangenwe nakho komhloli. Uma kudingeka, izindawo ezisolisayo ezitholiwe zingapholishwa nge-oilstone futhi ziqinisekiswe, kodwa le ndlela iyindlela yokuhlola ephumelelayo nesheshayo.
2. Ukupholisha amatshe amafutha
① Okokuqala, hlanza ingaphezulu lekhava yangaphandle nge-gauze ehlanzekile, bese uyipholisha nge-oilstone (20 × 20 × 100mm noma ngaphezulu). Ezindaweni ezinama-arcs nezindawo okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo, sebenzisa amatshe amafutha amancane uma kuqhathaniswa (njengetshe lamafutha eliyindilinga elingu-8 × 100mm).
② Ukukhethwa kosayizi wezinhlayiya ze-oilstone kuncike esimweni esingaphezulu (njengokuhwaqaza, ukugqama, njll.). Kunconywa ukusebenzisa ama-oilstones ahlanzekile. Isiqondiso sokupholishwa kwamatshe kawoyela ngokuyisisekelo senziwa ngokuhambisana nesiqondiso se-longitudinal, futhi sihambisana kahle nobuso bengxenye egxiviziwe. Kwezinye izindawo ezikhethekile, ukupholisha okuvundlile nakho kungangezwa.
3. Ukupholishwa kwentambo enezikhala eziguquguqukayo
Sula ubuso bekhava yangaphandle nge-gauze ehlanzekile. Sebenzisa inethi yesihlabathi eguquguqukayo ukuze unamathele eduze kwendawo egxiviziwe futhi uyipholise ngobude kuyo yonke indawo. Noma yikuphi ukugoba noma ukuhlehlisa kuzotholwa kalula.
4. Ukuhlolwa kokugcotshwa kwamafutha
Sula ubuso bekhava yangaphandle nge-gauze ehlanzekile. Faka amafutha ngokulinganayo ngendlela efanayo ngebhulashi elihlanzekile kuyo yonke indawo yangaphandle yengxenye egxiviziwe. Beka izingxenye ezinesitembu ezigcotshwe ngamafutha ngaphansi kokukhanya okuqinile ukuze zihlolwe. Kunconywa ukuthi ubeke izingxenye ezinesitembu ziqondile emzimbeni wemoto. Ngokusebenzisa le ndlela, kulula ukubona imigodi emincane, ama-indent, nama-ripples ezingxenyeni ezinesitembu.
Ukuhlola okubonakalayo kusetshenziswa kakhulu ukuthola ukubukeka okungavamile kanye nokukhubazeka okukhulu kwezingxenye ezinesitembu.
6. Ukutholwa kwethuluzi lokuhlola
Faka izingxenye ezinesitembu ethuluzini lokuhlola bese uzihlola ngokwezidingo zokusebenza zebhukwana lokuhlola.
Indlela yokuhlola yokukhubazeka ezingxenyeni ezinesitembu
1. Ukuqhekeka
Indlela yokuhlola: ukuhlola okubonakalayo
Imibandela yokuhlola:
Isici sohlobo lwe-A: Ukuqhekeka okungabonwa abasebenzisi abangaqeqeshiwe. Izingxenye ezinesitembu ezinokukhubazeka okunjalo azamukeleki kubasebenzisi futhi kufanele ziqashwe ngokushesha lapho zitholwa.
Isici sohlobo lwe-B: imifantu emincane ebonakalayo futhi etholakalayo. Lolu hlobo lwesici alwamukelekile ezingxenyeni ezinesitembu ezindaweni I no-II, futhi ukushisela nokulungisa kuvunyelwe kwezinye izindawo. Nokho, izingxenye ezikhandiwe kunzima kumakhasimende ukuzibona futhi kufanele zihlangabezane nezindinganiso zokulungisa izingxenye ezigxiviziwe.
Isici se-Class C: isici esingacacile futhi esinqunywa ngemva kokuhlolwa ngokucophelela. Izingxenye ezinesitembu ezinalolu hlobo lwesici zilungiswa ngokushisela ngaphakathi kwe-Zone II, Zone III, ne-Zone IV, kodwa izingxenye ezikhandiwe kunzima kumakhasimende ukuzibona futhi kufanele zihlangabezane nezindinganiso zokulungisa izingxenye ezigxiviziwe.
2. Ukuxineka, usayizi wokusanhlamvu omahhadlahhadla, kanye nokulimala okumnyama
Indlela yokuhlola: ukuhlola okubonakalayo
Imibandela yokuhlola:
Amaphutha ekilasi A: izinhlungu, okusanhlamvu okuqinile, nokulimala okufihliwe okungabonwa abasebenzisi abangaqeqeshiwe. Izingxenye ezinesitembu ezinokukhubazeka okunjalo azamukeleki kubasebenzisi futhi kufanele ziqashwe ngokushesha lapho zitholwa.
Amaphutha ohlobo lwe-B: izinhlobo ezincane ezibonakalayo nezibonakalayo, izinhlamvu eziqinile, namamaki amnyama. Izingxenye ezinesitembu ezinamaphutha anjalo zamukelekile ku-Zone IV.
Amaphutha ohlobo lwe-C: ukulimala okuncane okuqinile, usayizi wokusanhlamvu omahhadla, kanye nomonakalo ofihliwe. Izingxenye ezinesitembu ezinamaphutha anjalo zamukelekile ku-zones III kanye ne-IV.
3. Ichibi elincibilikile
Indlela yokuhlola: ukuhlola okubonakalayo, ukupholishwa kwe-oilstone, ukuthinta, nokugcoba
Imibandela yokuhlola:
Isici sohlobo lwe-A: Kuyisici abasebenzisi abangakwazi ukukwamukela, futhi nabasebenzisi abangaqeqeshiwe bangakubona. Ngemva kokuthola lolu hlobo lwesibotho, izingxenye ezigxiviziwe kufanele zifakwe iqhwa ngokushesha. Izingxenye ezinezigxivizo zohlobo luka-A azivunyelwe ukuba khona kunoma iyiphi indawo.
Isici sohlobo lwe-B: Kuyisici esingemnandi okuwukuhlehlisa okubambekayo nokubonakalayo endaweni engaphandle yengxenye egxivizwe. Ukuhlehlisa okunjalo akuvunyelwe endaweni engaphandle ye-Zone I kanye ne-II yengxenye enesitembu.
Isici se-Class C: Kuyisici esidinga ukulungiswa, futhi iningi lalezi zinkimbinkimbi zisesimweni esingacacile esingabonakala kuphela ngemva kokupholishwa ngamatshe amafutha. Izingxenye ezinesitembu zalolu hlobo lukasinki zamukelekile.
4. Amagagasi
Indlela yokuhlola: ukuhlola okubonakalayo, ukupholishwa kwe-oilstone, ukuthinta, nokugcoba
Imibandela yokuhlola:
Isici sekilasi A: Lolu hlobo lwamagagasi lungaqashelwa abasebenzisi abangaqeqeshiwe ezindaweni I no-II zezingxenye ezinesitembu, futhi azikwazi ukwamukelwa abasebenzisi. Uma sezitholakele, izingxenye ezinesitembu kufanele ziqandiswe ngokushesha.
Isici sohlobo lwe-B: Lolu hlobo lwamagagasi luyisici esingemnandi esingazwakala futhi sibonakale ezindaweni I no-II zezingxenye ezinesitembu futhi zidinga ukulungiswa.
Isici se-Class C: Kuyisici esidinga ukulungiswa, futhi iningi lalawa magagasi asesimweni esingaqondakali, esingabonakala kuphela ngemva kokupholishwa ngamatshe amafutha. Izingxenye ezinesitembu ezinamagagasi anjalo zamukelekile.
5. Ukupheqa nokusika imiphetho engalingani futhi enganele
Indlela yokuhlola: ukuhlola okubonakalayo kanye nokuthinta
Imibandela yokuhlola:
Isici sekilasi A: Noma yikuphi ukungalingani noma ukushoda kwamaphethelo aphetshiwe noma asikiwe ezingxenyeni zesembozo zangaphakathi nangaphandle, okuthinta ikhwalithi yokusika okungaphansi kanye nokungalingani noma ukushoda kwe-welding egqagqene, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ikhwalithi yokushisela, akwamukelekile. Lapho kutholwa, izingxenye ezinesitembu kufanele ziqandiswe ngokushesha.
Isici sohlobo lwe-B: ukungalingani okubonakalayo nokubonakalayo kanye nokushoda kwamaphethelo aphetshiwe nasikiwe angenawo umthelela wokusika ngaphansi, ukugqagqana kwe-welding, nekhwalithi yokushisela. Izingxenye ezinesitembu ezinamaphutha anjalo ziyamukeleka ngaphakathi kweZone II, III kanye ne-IV.
Amaphutha Ekilasi C: Ukungalingani okuncane kanye nokushoda kokuphetshwa nokusika akunawo umthelela kukhwalithi yokusika okungaphansi kanye nokushisela okweqile. Izingxenye ezinesitembu ezinokukhubazeka okunjalo ziyamukeleka.
6. Burrs: (esika, eshaya)
Indlela yokuhlola: ukuhlola okubonakalayo
Imibandela yokuhlola:
Isici sekilasi A: Umthelela omubi kwizinga lokugqagqana kokushisela, izimbobo zokubhoboza zokubeka nokuhlanganisa izingxenye ezinesitembu, namahhadla amaqhafuqhala ajwayele ukulimala komuntu. Izingxenye ezinesitembu ezinalesi sici azivunyelwe ukuba khona futhi kufanele zilungiswe.
Isici sohlobo lwe-B: Amabhara amaphakathi anomthelela omncane kuzinga lokugqagqana kokushisela kanye nokubhobozwa kwezingxenye ezinesitembu ukuze zimiswe futhi zihlanganiswe. Izingxenye ezinesitembu ezinalesi sici azivunyelwe ukuba khona ezindaweni I no-II.
Isici se-Class C: Ama-burrs amancane, avunyelwe ukuba khona ezingxenyeni ezinesitembu ngaphandle kokuthinta ikhwalithi yemoto iyonke.
7. Ukulimaza nokuklwebheka
Indlela yokuhlola: ukuhlola okubonakalayo
Imibandela yokuhlola:
Ukukhubazeka Kwekilasi A: umthelela ongathi sína kwikhwalithi yendawo ephezulu, ama-burrs angaba khona kanye nokuklwebheka okungabangela ukuklebhuka kwezingxenye ezinesitembu. Izingxenye ezinesitembu ezinokukhubazeka okunjalo azivunyelwe ukuba khona.
Isici sohlobo lwe-B: ama-burrs abonakalayo futhi akhonjwa kanye nemihuzuko, kanye nezingxenye zokugxiviza ezinobuthakathaka obunjalo zivunyelwe ukuba khona ku-Zone IV.
Ukukhubazeka Kwekilasi C: Ukukhubazeka okuncane kungase kubangele ama-burrs kanye nokuklwebheka ezingxenyeni ezinesitembu, futhi izingxenye ezinezigxivizo ezinamaphutha anjalo zivunyelwe ukuba khona ezindaweni III kanye ne-IV.
8. Bopha kabusha
Indlela yokuhlola: Yibeke ethuluzini lokuhlola ukuze lihlolwe
Imibandela yokuhlola:
Isici sohlobo lwe-A: Uhlobo lwesici oludala ukufanisa usayizi obalulekile kanye nokuguqulwa kokushisela ezingxenyeni ezinesitembu, futhi akuvunyelwe ukuba khona ezingxenyeni ezinesitembu.
Isici sohlobo lwe-B: i-springback enokuchezuka kosayizi obalulekile okuthinta ukumataniswa kosayizi kanye nokonakala kokushisela phakathi kwezingxenye ezinesitembu. Lolu hlobo lwesici luvunyelwe ukuba khona ezindaweni III kanye ne-IV zezingxenye ezinesitembu.
Isici se-Class C: i-springback enosayizi omncane wokuchezuka, okunomthelela omncane ekufanisweni kosayizi kanye nokuwohloka kokushisela phakathi kwezingxenye ezinesitembu. Lolu hlobo lwesici luvunyelwe ukuthi lube khona ezindaweni I, II, III, kanye ne-IV zezingxenye ezinesitembu.
9. Ukuvuza komgodi wokubhoboza
Indlela yokuhlola: Hlola ngokubukeka bese umaka ngepeni lomaka elincibilika emanzini ukuze ubale.
Indlela yokuhlola: Noma yikuphi ukuvuza kwembobo engxenyeni enesitembu kuzothinta ukuma nokuhlanganisa ingxenye enesitembu, okungamukeleki.
10. Ukushwabana
Indlela yokuhlola: ukuhlola okubonakalayo
Imibandela yokuhlola:
Isici sekilasi A: Ukushwabana okukhulu okubangelwa ukugqagqana kwezinto, futhi lokhu kuphazamiseka akuvunyelwe ezingxenyeni ezinesitembu.
Amaphutha ohlobo lwe-B: imibimbi ebonakalayo nephathekayo, eyamukelekayo ku-Zone IV.
Isici se-Class C: Ukushwabana okuncane nokungabonakali kangako. Izingxenye ezinesitembu ezinamaphutha anjalo ziyamukeleka ezindaweni II, III, kanye ne-IV.
11. Nuggets, Nuggets, Indentations
Indlela yokuhlola: ukuhlola okubonakalayo, ukupholishwa kwe-oilstone, ukuthinta, nokugcoba
Imibandela yokuhlola:
Isici se-Class A: I-pitting egxilile, ene-pitting esabalaliswe ngaphezu kwe-2/3 yendawo yonke. Uma amaphutha anjalo atholakala ezindaweni I no-II, izingxenye ezinesitembu kufanele ziqandiswe ngokushesha.
Isici sohlobo lwe-B: ukugoba okubonakalayo nokuzwakalayo. Amaphutha anjalo awavunyelwe ukuvela kuzoni I no-II.
Isici se-Class C: Ngemva kokupholishwa, ukusatshalaliswa ngakunye kwemigodi kungabonakala, futhi ku-Zone I, ibanga phakathi kwemigodi liyadingeka ukuthi libe ngu-300mm noma ngaphezulu. Izingxenye ezinesitembu ezinokukhubazeka okunjalo ziyamukeleka.
12. Amaphutha wokupholisha, izimpawu zokupholisha
Indlela yokuhlola: ukuhlola okubonwayo kanye nokupholishwa kwe-oilstone
Imibandela yokuhlola:
Isici sekilasi A: Icwebezelisiwe, ibonakala ngokucacile endaweni engaphandle, ibonakala ngokushesha kuwo wonke amakhasimende. Ngemva kokuthola lezi zimpawu zokugxiviza, izingxenye ezigxiviziwe kufanele ziqandiswe ngokushesha
Amaphutha ohlobo lwe-B: abonakalayo, aphathekayo, futhi angafakazelwa ngemuva kokupholisha ezindaweni eziyingxabano. Lezi zinhlobo zokukhubazeka zamukelekile ku-zones III kanye ne-IV. Isici sohlobo lwe-C: Ngemva kokupholishwa nge-oilstone, kungabonakala ukuthi izingxenye zokugxiviza ezinamaphutha anjalo zamukelekile.
13. Ubuthakathaka bezinto ezibonakalayo
Indlela yokuhlola: ukuhlola okubonakalayo
Imibandela yokuhlola:
Amaphutha ekilasi A: Amandla ezinto ezibonakalayo awahlangabezani nezidingo, ashiya imikhondo, ukugqagqana, ikhasi lawolintshi, imigqa esepuletini lensimbi eligoqiwe, indawo exekethile yamagalani, kanye nokuxebuka kongqimba olunothayela. Ngemva kokutholakala kwalezi zimpawu zokugxiviza, izingxenye ezigxiviziwe kufanele zifakwe iqhwa ngokushesha.
Amaphutha ohlobo lwe-B: Okubi okushiywe amapuleti ensimbi agingqiwe, okufana namamaki asobala, ukugqagqana, ikhasi lawolintshi, imithende, indawo exegezelayo enamathangi, nokuxetshulwa kongqimba oluyisithako, kwamukelekile ku-Zone IV.
Amaphutha eSigaba C: Ukukhubazeka kwempahla okufana namamaki, ukugqagqana, ikhasi lewolintshi, imithende, indawo evulekile enamathayela, kanye nokuxebuka kongqimba oluwuthayela olushiywe ipuleti lensimbi eligoqiwe kwamukeleka ezindaweni III kanye ne-IV.
14. Iphethini yamafutha
Indlela yokuhlola: ukuhlola okubonwayo kanye nokupholishwa kwe-oilstone
Indlela yokuhlola: Awekho amamaki asobala avunyelwe ezindaweni I no-II ngemva kokupholishwa ngamatshe kawoyela.
15. I-Convexity nokucindezeleka
Indlela yokuhlola: ukuhlola okubonakalayo, ukuthinta, ukupholisha amatshe amafutha
Imibandela yokuhlola:
Isici sohlobo lwe-A: Kuyisici abasebenzisi abangakwazi ukukwamukela, futhi nabasebenzisi abangaqeqeshiwe bangakubona. Ngemva kokuthola ama-protrusions ohlobo lwe-A nama-indentation, izingxenye ezinesitembu kufanele ziqandiswe ngokushesha.
Isici sohlobo lwe-B: Kuyisici esingajabulisi okuyiphuzu elibambekayo nelibonakalayo le-convex noma eliqondile endaweni engaphandle yengxenye egxiviziwe. Lolu hlobo lwesici luyamukeleka ku-Zone IV.
Isici se-Class C: Kuyisici esidinga ukulungiswa, futhi iningi lalezi zingqimba kanye nokucindezeleka kusesimweni esingacacile, esingabonakala kuphela ngemva kokupholishwa ngamatshe amafutha. Amaphutha anjalo ezindaweni II, III, kanye ne-IV amukelekile.
16. Ukugqwala
Indlela yokuhlola: ukuhlola okubonakalayo
Indlela yokuhlola: Izingxenye ezinesitembu azivunyelwe ukuthi zibe nokugqwala.
17. Ukunyathelisa isitembu
Indlela yokuhlola: ukuhlola okubonakalayo
Imibandela yokuhlola:
Isici sohlobo lwe-A: Iwuphawu lokugxiviza olungeke lwamukelwe abasebenzisi futhi lungaqashelwa abasebenzisi abangaqeqeshiwe. Uma lezi zimpawu zokugxiviza sezitholakele, izingxenye ezigxiviziwe kufanele ziqandiswe ngokushesha.
Isici sohlobo lwe-B: Iwuphawu lokugxiviza olungajabulisi futhi olukhombekayo olungathintwa futhi lubonakale endaweni engaphandle yengxenye egxiviziwe. Amaphutha anjalo awavunyelwe ukuba khona ezindaweni I no-II, futhi ayamukeleka ku-zones III kanye ne-IV inqobo nje uma ayithinti ikhwalithi iyonke yemoto.
Isici se-Class C: Izimpawu zokugxiviza ezidinga ukupholishwa nge-oilstone ukuze kunqunywe. Izingxenye ezinezitembu ezinamaphutha anjalo ziyamukeleka ngaphandle kokuthikameze ikhwalithi iyonke yemoto.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-16-2024