Esikhathini esingeside esidlule, umkhiqizi esimhlinzekele uhlele ukuthi izinto zabo zihlolwe izinto eziyingozi. Kodwa-ke, kutholwe ukuthi i-APEO itholwe ezintweni zokwakha. Ngesicelo somthengisi, sabasiza ekuhlonzeni imbangela ye-APEO eyeqile ezintweni zokusebenza futhi senze ukuthuthukiswa. Ekugcineni, imikhiqizo yabo yaphumelela ukuhlolwa kwezidakamizwa eziyingozi.
Namuhla sizokwethula ezinye izindlela zokuphikisa lapho izinto eziyingozi ezintweni zomkhiqizo wezicathulo zeqa izinga.
Ama-Phthalates
I-phthalate esters igama elijwayelekile lemikhiqizo etholwe ukusabela kwe-phthalic anhydride ngotshwala.Ingakwazi ukuthambisa ipulasitiki, inciphise ukuswakama okuncibilikayo kwepulasitiki, futhi yenze kube lula ukuyicubungula nokulolongwa. Imvamisa, ama-phthalates asetshenziswa kakhulu kumathoyizi ezingane, kumapulasitiki e-polyvinyl chloride (PVC), kanye nezinamatheliso, izinto zokunamathisela, okokuhlanza, okokugcoba, ukuphrinta isikrini, oyinki bokuphrinta bokudlulisa ukushisa, oyinki bepulasitiki, nezindwangu ze-PU.
Ama-phthalates ahlukaniswa njengezinto ezinobuthi bokuzala yi-European Union, futhi anezakhiwo ze-hormone yemvelo, efana ne-estrogen, engaphazamisa uhlelo lwe-endocrine lomuntu, inciphise inani lesidoda nesidoda, ukuhamba kwesidoda kuphansi, i-sperm morphology ayijwayelekile, futhi ibucayi kakhulu. amacala azoholela kumdlavuza wamasende, “oyimbangela” yezinkinga zokuzala kwabesilisa.
Phakathi kwezimonyo, i-nail polish inokuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu kwe-phthalates, equkethwe nezithako eziningi ezinephunga elimnandi lezimonyo. Le nto ezimonyoni izongena emzimbeni ngohlelo lokuphefumula lwabesifazane kanye nesikhumba. Uma isetshenziswe kakhulu, izokwandisa ingozi yabesifazane yomdlavuza webele futhi ilimaze isimiso sokuzala sezingane zabo zabafana zesikhathi esizayo.
Amathoyizi epulasitiki athambile kanye nemikhiqizo yezingane equkethe ama-phthalates ingase ingeniswe yizingane. Uma kushiywe isikhathi esanele, kungabangela ukuhlakazeka kwama-phthalates kudlule amazinga aphephile, kubeke engozini isibindi nezinso zezingane, kubangele ukuthomba ngaphambi kwesikhathi, futhi kuthinte ukuthuthukiswa kwesistimu yokuzala yezingane.
Izinyathelo zokuphikisa zokweqa izinga le-ortho benzene
Ngenxa yokungancibiliki kwama-phthalates/esters emanzini, amazinga eqile e-phthalates kumapulasitiki noma ezindwangu azikwazi ukuthuthukiswa ngokusebenzisa izindlela zangemuva kokwelashwa ezinjengokugeza amanzi. Esikhundleni salokho, umenzi angasebenzisa kuphela izinto zokusetshenziswa ezingenawo ama-phthalates ukuze akhiqize kabusha futhi acutshungulwe.
I-Alkylphenol/Alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (AP/APEO)
I-Alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (APEO) iseyingxenye evamile emalungiselelweni amaningi amakhemikhali kuzo zonke izixhumanisi zokukhiqizwa kwezimpahla zokugqoka nezicathulo.Sekuyisikhathi eside i-APEO isetshenziswa kabanzi njenge-surfactant noma i-emulsifier kuzihlanzi, izinto zokukhuhla, izisabalali zodayi, ama-printing pastes, amafutha okuphotha, nama-ejenti wokumanzisa. Ingasetshenziswa futhi njengomkhiqizo wokukhipha isikhumba embonini yokukhiqiza isikhumba.
I-APEO ingehliswa kancane kancane endaweni futhi ekugcineni iboliswe ibe yi-Alkylphenol (AP). Le mikhiqizo yokucekela phansi inobuthi obunamandla ezintweni eziphila emanzini futhi inemiphumela ehlala isikhathi eside endaweni ezungezile. Imikhiqizo ebole kancane ye-APEO ine-hormone yemvelo efana nezakhiwo, ezingase ziphazamise imisebenzi ye-endocrine yezilwane zasendle nabantu.
Izinyathelo zokuphendula ngokweqa amazinga e-APEO
I-APEO incibilika kalula emanzini futhi ingasuswa ezindwangu ngokuwashwa ngamanzi anezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwengeza inani elifanele le-ejenti yokungena kanye nesepha ngesikhathi senqubo yokuwasha kungasusa ngempumelelo i-APEO esele ezindwangu, kodwa kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izithasiselo ezisetshenzisiwe akufanele ziqukathe i-APEO ngokwazo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isithambisa esisetshenziswa enqubweni yokuthambisa ngemva kokugeza akufanele sifake i-APEO, ngaphandle kwalokho i-APEO ingase iphinde ifakwe ezintweni.Uma i-APEO idlula indinganiso kupulasitiki, ayikwazi ukususwa. Izithasiselo kuphela noma izinto zokusetshenziswa ngaphandle kwe-APEO ezingasetshenziswa ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza ukugwema i-APEO ukweqa izinga ezintweni zepulasitiki.
Uma i-APEO yeqa izinga emkhiqizweni, kunconywa ukuthi umenzi aqale aphenye ukuthi inqubo yokuphrinta nokudaya noma izithasiselo ezisetshenziswa ibhizinisi lokuphrinta nokudaya iqukethe i-APEO. Uma kunjalo, esikhundleni sazo ufake izithasiselo ezingaqukethe i-APEO.
Izinyathelo zokuphendula ngokweqa amazinga e-AP
Uma i-AP kwezindwangu idlula izinga, kungase kube ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-APEO kuzithasiselo ezisetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni nasekucubunguleni kwazo, futhi ukubola sekuvele kwenzekile. Futhi ngenxa yokuthi i-AP ngokwayo ayincibiliki kalula emanzini, uma i-AP yeqa izinga ezindwangu, ayikwazi ukususwa ngokuwashwa kwamanzi. Inqubo yokuphrinta nokudaya noma amabhizinisi angasebenzisa kuphela izithasiselo ngaphandle kwe-AP ne-APEO ukuze zilawule. Uma i-AP epulasitiki idlula izinga, ayikwazi ukususwa.Kungagwenywa kuphela ngokusebenzisa izithasiselo noma izinto zokusetshenziswa ezingaqukethe i-AP ne-APEO ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza.
I-Chlorophenol (PCP) noma i-organic chlorine carrier (COC)
I-Chlorophenol (PCP) ngokuvamile ibhekisela ochungechungeni lwezinto ezifana ne-pentachlorophenol, i-tetrachlorophenol, i-trichlorophenol, i-dichlorophenol, ne-monochlorophenol, kuyilapho abathwali be-organic chlorine (COCs) ikakhulukazi bahlanganisa i-chlorotoluene ne-chlorotoluene.
I-Organic chlorine carriers isetshenziswe kabanzi njenge-solvent esebenzayo ye-organic ekudayeni i-polyester, kodwa ngokuthuthukiswa nokuvuselelwa kwemishini yokunyathelisa nokudaya kanye nezinqubo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-organic chlorine carriers sekuyivelakancane.I-Chlorophenol ivamise ukusetshenziswa njengesivikelo sezindwangu noma odayi, kodwa ngenxa yobuthi bayo obuqinile, ayivamisile ukusetshenziswa njengesivikelo.
Kodwa-ke, i-chlorobenzene, i-toluene ekloriniwe, ne-chlorophenol nazo zingasetshenziswa njengezimaphakathi enqubweni yokuhlanganisa udayi. Odayi abakhiqizwa ngale nqubo ngokuvamile baqukethe izinsalela zalezi zinto, futhi ngisho noma ezinye izinsalela zingabalulekile, ngenxa yezidingo zokulawula eziphansi, ukutholwa kwale nto ezindwangu noma odayi kusengadlula izindinganiso. Kubikwa ukuthi enqubweni yokukhiqiza udayi, izinqubo ezikhethekile zingasetshenziswa ukususa ngokuphelele lezi zinhlobo ezintathu zezinto, kodwa zizokwandisa izindleko ngokufanayo.
Izinyathelo zokuphikisa ze-COC ne-PCP ezeqa amazinga
Uma izinto ezifana ne-chlorobenzene, i-chlorotoluene, ne-chlorophenol ezintweni zomkhiqizo zeqa izinga, umenzi angaqala aphenye ukuthi izinto ezinjalo zikhona yini ekunyatheliseni nasekudayeni inqubo noma kumadayi noma izithasiselo ezisetshenziswa umkhiqizi wokunyathelisa nokudaya. Uma kutholakele, odayi noma izithasiselo ezingaqukethe izinto ezithile kufanele zisetshenziswe esikhundleni sokukhiqiza okulandelayo.
Ngenxa yokuthi izinto ezinjalo azikwazi ukususwa ngokuqondile ngokugeza ngamanzi. Uma kudingekile ukuyiphatha, kungenziwa kuphela ngokukhipha wonke amadayi endwangu bese udaya impahla futhi ngamadayi nezithasiselo ezingenalo lezi zinhlobo ezintathu zezinto.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-14-2023