Ikhwalithi yokubukeka yomkhiqizo iyisici esibalulekile sekhwalithi yezinzwa. Ikhwalithi yokubukeka ngokuvamile ibhekisela kuzakhi zekhwalithi zomumo womkhiqizo, ithoni yombala, ukucwebezela, iphethini, nokunye okubonwayo.
Ngokusobala, zonke iziphambeko ezinjengamaqhubu, ukuklwebheka, ukungena ngaphakathi, ukuklwebheka, ukugqwala, isikhunta, amabhamuza, izimbobo, imigodi, imifantu engaphezulu, i-delamination, imibimbi, njll. kuzoba nomthelela ekubukekeni kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izici eziningi zekhwalithi yomkhiqizo wokubukeka zithinta ngokuqondile ukusebenza komkhiqizo, ubude bempilo, nezinye izici. Imikhiqizo enezindawo ezibushelelezi inokumelana nokugqwala okuqinile, i-coefficient ephansi yokungqubuzana, ukumelana kahle nokugqokwa, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi.
Ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yokubukeka komkhiqizo kunezinga elithile lokuzithoba. Ukuze wenze izinqumo eziphusile ngangokunokwenzeka, izindlela zokuhlola ezilandelayo zivame ukusetshenziswa ekuhlolweni kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo wezimboni.
(1)Indlela yeqembu yesampula ejwayelekile. Khetha kusengaphambili amasampula afanelekayo nangafaneleki njengamasampula avamile, lapho amasampula angafanelekile anokukhubazeka okuhlukahlukene anamazinga ahlukahlukene obunzima.
Isampula evamile ingabonwa ngokuphindaphindiwe abahloli abaningi (abahloli) futhi imiphumela yokubuka ingahlaziywa ngokwezibalo. Ngemva kokuhlaziya imiphumela yezibalo, kungenzeka ukunquma ukuthi yiziphi izigaba zokukhubazeka ezichazwe ngokungafanele; Yikuphi abahloli abangenakho ukuqonda okujulile kwamazinga; Yikuphi abahloli abangenalo ukuqeqeshwa okudingekayo kanye namakhono okuqonda.
(2)Indlela yokubuka isithombe.Ngokuthwebula izithombe, ukubukeka okufanelekile kanye nemikhawulo yokukhubazeka evumelekile ingamelwa izithombe, futhi izithombe ezijwayelekile zokukhubazeka okuhlukahlukene okungavumelekile zingasetshenziselwa ukuhlola okuqhathanisayo.
(3)Indlela yokukhulisa iphutha.Sebenzisa ingilazi yokusondeza noma iprojektha ukuze ukhulise ingaphezulu lomkhiqizo futhi useshe amaphutha endaweni ebhekiwe, ukuze unqume ngokunembile imvelo nobukhulu bokulimala.
(4)Indlela yebanga lokunyamalala.Yiya endaweni yokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo, uhlole izimo zokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo, bese ubheka isimo sokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo. Bese ulingisa izimo zangempela zokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo, futhi ucacise isikhathi esihambisanayo, ibanga lokubuka, kanye ne-engeli njengezimo zokubheka ukuze zihlolwe. Isibonelo, uma isici sokubukeka komkhiqizo othile singabonakali phakathi nemizuzwana engu-3 ukusuka ebangeni lemitha elilodwa, kubhekwa njengokufanelekile, ngaphandle kwalokho kubhekwa njengokungafanelekile. Le ndlela ifaneleka kakhulu futhi iyasebenza kunokusetha izindinganiso ngento ethile ngokusekelwe ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene nobukhulu bokulimala kokubukeka, kanye nokuhlola into ngayinye.
Isibonelo: Ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yokubukeka kwenamathela ezinsimbini.
① Izidingo zekhwalithi yokubukeka.Ikhwalithi yokubukeka yesendlalelo esinothayela ihlanganisa izici ezine: umbala, ukufana, amaphutha avumelekile, nezinkinga ezingavumelekile.
Umbala. Isibonelo, ungqimba lwama-galvanized kufanele lube grey olukhanyayo nombala omncane we-beige; Ngemva kokuvezwa ekukhanyeni, ungqimba oluvundisiwe luba mhlophe oyisiliva nokucwebezela okuthile kanye nokuncane okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka; Ngemuva kokwelashwa kwe-phosphate, ungqimba olufakwe uthayela kufanele lube mpunga olukhanyayo ukuya kompunga osiliva.
Ukufana. Isendlalelo esinothayela siyadingeka ukuze sibe nendawo ecwebezelayo, efanayo, futhi eqhubekayo.
Amaphutha avumelekile. Isibonelo, amabala amanzi amancane; Amamaki okulungisa amancane ebusweni bezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu; Kukhona umehluko omncane wombala kanye nokucwebezela engxenyeni efanayo.
Awekho amaphutha avunyelwe. Ngokwesibonelo, amabhamuza, ukuxebuka, ukushiswa, amaqhuqhuva, nokubhodlozwa kwento enamathelayo; I-Dendritic, isiponji, nezingubo ezinemithende; Amabala kasawoti angahlanzekile, njll.
② Ukusampula kokuhlolwa kokubukeka.Ezingxenyeni ezibalulekile, izingxenye ezibucayi, izingxenye ezinkulu, nezingxenye ezivamile ezinobukhulu be-batch obungaphansi kwezingcezu ezingu-90, ukubukeka kufanele kuhlolwe i-100% ukuze kuqedwe imikhiqizo engavumelani; Ezingxenyeni ezijwayelekile ezinosayizi we-batch ezingaphezu kwezingcezu ezingama-90, ukuhlolwa kwesampula kufanele kwenziwe, ngezinga lokuhlola elijwayelekile le-II kanye nezinga lekhwalithi elifanelekile lika-1.5%. Ukuhlola kufanele kwenziwe ngokohlelo lokuhlola olujwayelekile oluchazwe kuThebula 2-12. Uma iqoqo elingavumelani litholakala, livunyelwe ukuhlola iqoqo ngo-100%, lisuse imikhiqizo engahambisani, futhi lihanjiswe kabusha ukuze lihlolwe.
③ Izindlela zokuhlola ukubukeka nokuhlolwa kwekhwalithi.Ukuhlola okubonakalayo kuyindlela eyinhloko yokuhlolwa kokubukeka, futhi uma kunesidingo, ingilazi yokukhulisa izikhathi ezingu-3-5 ingasetshenziswa ukuze ihlolwe. Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, ukukhanya kwemvelo okuhlakazekile noma ukukhanya okudlulisiwe okumhlophe ngaphandle kokukhanya okuveziwe kuzosetshenziswa. Ukukhanya akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-300 Lux, futhi ibanga phakathi kwezingxenye namehlo omuntu lizoba ngu-250 mm. Uma usayizi weqoqo ungu-100, usayizi wesampula wezingcezu ezingama-32 ungakhethwa; Ngokubhekwa kwalezi zicucu ezingu-32, kwatholakala ukuthi ezimbili zazo zinamabhamuza endaweni enamathelayo kanye nezimpawu ezishile. Ngenxa yenani lemikhiqizo engahambisani nokungu-2, le nqwaba yezingxenye ithathwe njengengafaneleki.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-01-2023