Ukuze sivule izimakethe ezintsha zokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe, sifana namaqhawe anamandla, agqoke izikhali, avule izintaba futhi akhe amabhuloho phambi kwamanzi. Amakhasimende athuthukile anezinyathelo emazweni amaningi. Ake ngihlanganyele nawe ngokuhlaziywa kokuthuthukiswa kwezimakethe zase-Afrika.
01 INingizimu Afrika igcwele amathuba ebhizinisi angenamkhawulo
Njengamanje, isimo somnotho kazwelonke waseNingizimu Afrika sisesikhathini soshintsho olukhulu. Yonke imboni ibhekene noshintsho olusheshayo lwemidondoshiya. Imakethe yonke yaseNingizimu Afrika igcwele amathuba nezinselelo ezinkulu. Kunezikhala ezimakethe yonke indawo, futhi yonke indawo yabathengi ilindele ukushaqwa.
Njengoba sibhekene nezigidi ezingama-54 nezikhula ngokushesha ezisezingeni eliphakathi kanye nemakethe yabathengi abasebasha eNingizimu Afrika kanye nesifiso esikhulayo sabathengi e-Afrika esinabantu abayizigidi eziyinkulungwane, kuyithuba elihle ezinkampanini zaseShayina ezizimisele ukwandisa imakethe.
Njengelinye lamazwe “e-BRICS”, iNingizimu Afrika isiphenduke imakethe yokuthekelisa ethandwayo emazweni amaningi!
02 Amathuba amakhulu emakethe eNingizimu Afrika
INingizimu Afrika, umnotho omkhulu we-Afrika kanye nesango lokungena kubathengi abayizigidi ezingama-250 base-sub-Saharan. Njengechweba lemvelo, iNingizimu Afrika futhi iyisango elilula eliya kwamanye amazwe ase-sub-Saharan Africa kanye namazwe aseNyakatho Afrika.
Kusukela kudatha yezwekazi ngalinye, u-43.4% wesamba esithengisiwe saseNingizimu Afrika sivela emazweni ase-Asia, abahwebi base-Europe abahweba nabo banikele ngo-32.6% wesamba sempahla yaseNingizimu Afrika, impahla evela kwamanye amazwe ase-Afrika ibe ngu-10.7%, kanti iNyakatho Melika ibambe u-7.9% waseNingizimu Afrika. Izimpahla zase-Afrika
Njengoba kunabantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezingama-54.3, ukuthengwa kweNingizimu Afrika kwamanye amazwe kwafinyelela ku-$74.7 wezigidigidi ngonyaka odlule, okulingana nesidingo somkhiqizo sonyaka esingaba ngu-$1,400 ngomuntu ngamunye ezweni.
03 Ukuhlaziywa Kwezimakethe Zemikhiqizo Ethengwayo eNingizimu Afrika
INingizimu Afrika isesigabeni sokuthuthuka ngokushesha, futhi izinto ezingavuthiwe ezidingekayo ohlelweni lokuthuthukiswa zidinga ukuhlangatshezwana nazo ngokushesha. Sihlanganise izimboni ezimbalwa zezidingo zemakethe zaseNingizimu Afrika ongakhetha kuzo:
1. Imboni kagesi
Imikhiqizo yemishini kanye nekagesi iyimpahla eyinhloko ethunyelwa yiShayina eNingizimu Afrika, futhi iNingizimu Afrika ikhethe ukungenisa amathuluzi emishini nekagesi kanye nezinsiza ezikhiqizwa eShayina iminyaka eminingi. INingizimu Afrika igcina isidingo esikhulu semikhiqizo yemishini kagesi eyenziwe eShayina.
Iziphakamiso: imishini yokwenza imishini, imigqa yokukhiqiza ezenzakalelayo, amarobhothi ezimboni, imishini yezimayini neminye imikhiqizo
2. Imboni yezindwangu
INingizimu Afrika inesidingo esikhulu semikhiqizo yendwangu nezingubo. Ngonyaka wezi-2017, inani lezimpahla zendwangu kanye nezinto ezingavuthiwe ezivela kwamanye amazwe zaseNingizimu Afrika zafinyelela ku-3.121 wezigidigidi zamadola aseMelika, okubalelwa ku-6.8% wesamba sempahla ethengwa eNingizimu Afrika. Impahla esemqoka engenisiwe ihlanganisa imikhiqizo yendwangu, imikhiqizo yesikhumba, imikhiqizo ephansi, njll.
Ukwengeza, iNingizimu Afrika inesidingo esikhulu sezimpahla ezilungele ukugqokwa ebusika nasehlobo, kodwa imboni yendawo yendwangu inqunyelwe ubuchwepheshe namandla okukhiqiza, futhi ingahlangabezana kuphela nesidingo semakethe esingaba ngu-60%, njengamabhantshi, izingubo zangaphansi zikakotini, izingubo zangaphansi, izingubo zemidlalo kanye nezinye Izimpahla ezidumile, ngakho inani elikhulu lemikhiqizo yaphesheya kwezilwandle nemikhiqizo yezingubo lingeniswa kwamanye amazwe.
Iziphakamiso: izintambo zendwangu, izindwangu, izingubo eziqediwe
3. Imboni yokucubungula ukudla
INingizimu Afrika ingumkhiqizi omkhulu wokudla kanye nomhwebi. Ngokwe-United Nations Commodity Trade Database, ukuhwebelana ngokudla kwaseNingizimu Afrika kwafinyelela ku-US$15.42 wezigidigidi ngowezi-2017, okuwukukhula ngama-9.7% ngonyaka wezi-2016 (amaRandi ayizigidigidi eziyi-14.06).
Ngokukhula kwenani labantu baseNingizimu Afrika kanye nokukhula okuqhubekayo kwabantu basekhaya abahola imali ephakathi, imakethe yendawo inezidingo eziphakeme neziphakeme zokudla, futhi isidingo sokudla okupakishiwe sikhuphuke kakhulu, sibonakala ikakhulukazi “emikhiqizweni yobisi, izimpahla ezibhakwayo. , ukudla okukhukhumele” , amaconfectionery, ama-condiments nama-condiments, izithelo nemifino nemikhiqizo yenyama egayiwe”.
Iziphakamiso: izinto zokusetshenziswa zokudla, imishini yokucubungula ukudla, imishini yokupakisha, izinto zokupakisha
4. Imboni yePlastiki
INingizimu Afrika ingelinye lamazwe athuthuke kakhulu embonini yepulasitiki e-Afrika. Njengamanje, kunamabhizinisi angaphezu kuka-2,000 endawo acubungula amapulasitiki.
Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwamandla okukhiqiza kanye nezinhlobo, inani elikhulu lemikhiqizo yepulasitiki isangeniswa minyaka yonke ukuze ihlangabezane nokusetshenziswa kwemakethe yasekhaya. Eqinisweni, iNingizimu Afrika iseyizwe elingenisa opulasitiki kwamanye amazwe. Ngo-2017, ukuthengwa kwepulasitiki nemikhiqizo yayo kweNingizimu Afrika kwafinyelela ku-US$2.48 billion, okuwukukhula konyaka ngo-10.2%.
Iziphakamiso: zonke izinhlobo zemikhiqizo yepulasitiki (ukupakishwa, izinto zokwakha, njll.), ama-granules epulasitiki, imishini yokucubungula ipulasitiki kanye nesikhunta
5. Ukukhiqiza izimoto
Imboni yezezimoto iyimboni yesithathu ngobukhulu eNingizimu Afrika ngemuva kwezezimayini nezezimali, ikhiqiza u-7.2% we-GDP yezwe futhi ihlinzeka ngokuqashwa kubantu abayizi-290,000. Imboni yezimoto yaseNingizimu Afrika isiphenduke isizinda sokukhiqiza esibalulekile sabakhiqizi bamazwe ngamazwe ababhekene nezimakethe zasekhaya nezamazwe ngamazwe.
Ukusikisela: Izesekeli zezimoto nezithuthuthu
04 Isu lokuthuthukisa izimakethe zaseNingizimu Afrika
Yazi amakhasimende akho aseNingizimu Afrika
Isimilo somphakathi eNingizimu Afrika singafingqwa ngokuthi “omnyama nomhlophe”, “ikakhulukazi amaBritish”. Lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi “omnyama nomhlophe” kubhekise kulokhu: ukuvinjelwa ngokohlanga, inkolo, namasiko, abansundu nabamhlophe eNingizimu Afrika balandela imikhuba ehlukene yomphakathi; Izindlela ezisekelwe eBrithani: esikhathini eside kakhulu somlando, abamhlophe bathatha amandla ombuso wezepolitiki waseNingizimu Afrika. Ukuziphatha kwabantu abamhlophe, ikakhulukazi izithakazelo zezenhlalo ezifana nezaseBrithani, zithandwa kakhulu emphakathini waseNingizimu Afrika.
Lapho wenza ibhizinisi nabantu baseNingizimu Afrika, naka imininingwane yemithetho nezinqubomgomo ezibalulekile zohwebo nokutshalwa kwezimali. INingizimu Afrika inezidingo eziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa zekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, izitifiketi, kanye namasiko, futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa.
Ungawathola kanjani amakhasimende akho
Kodwa-ke, ngaphezu kokutholwa kwamakhasimende ku-inthanethi, ungathola amakhasimende akho ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi ngemibukiso ehlukahlukene yezimboni. Indlela yemibukiso engaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi ingase ithathe isikhathi esithile ukufika. Akunandaba ukuthi uwathuthukisa kanjani amakhasimende, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi usebenze kahle, futhi ngithemba ukuthi wonke umuntu angakwazi ukubamba imakethe ngokushesha okukhulu.
INingizimu Afrika igcwele amathuba ebhizinisi angenamkhawulo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-11-2022