Indlela yokulinganisa ukuncipha kwendwangu

01. Kuyini ukushwabana

Indwangu iyindwangu ene-fibrous, futhi ngemva kokuba izintambo ngokwazo zithatha amanzi, zizobhekana nezinga elithile lokuvuvukala, okungukuthi, ukunciphisa ubude nokwanda kobubanzi. Umehluko wephesenti phakathi kobude bendwangu ngaphambi nangemuva kokucwiliswa emanzini kanye nobude bayo bangempela ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi izinga lokushwabana. Lapho ikhono lokumunca amanzi linamandla, ukuvuvukala kunamandla, izinga lokushwabana liyakhuphuka, futhi kuba mpofu kakhulu ukusimama kwendwangu.

Ubude bendwangu ngokwayo buhlukile kubude bentambo (usilika) esetshenzisiwe, futhi umehluko phakathi kokubili uvame ukumelwa ukuncipha kokweluka.

Isilinganiso sokuncipha (%)=[ubude bentambo (usilika) - ubude bendwangu]/ubude bendwangu

Ngemva kokucwiliswa emanzini, ngenxa yokuvuvukala kwezintambo ngokwazo, ubude bendwangu bubuye bufinyezwe, okuholela ekunciphiseni. Izinga lokushwabana kwendwangu liyahlukahluka kuye ngezinga lokuncipha kwalo. Izinga lokuncipha kokweluka liyahlukahluka kuye ngesakhiwo senhlangano kanye nokushuba kokweluka kwendwangu ngokwayo. Lapho ukungezwani kokweluka kuphansi, indwangu iqinile futhi iminyene, futhi izinga lokuncipha kokweluka liphezulu, izinga lokuncipha kwendwangu lincane; Uma ukungezwani kokweluka kuphezulu, indwangu iyaxega, ibe lula, futhi izinga lokushwabana liphansi, okuholela ekuncipheni okuphezulu kwendwangu. Ekudayeni nasekuqedeni, ukuze kuncishiswe izinga lokuncipha kwezindwangu, ukuqedwa kwangaphambi kokuncipha kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukwandisa ukuminyana kwe-weft, ukwandisa izinga lokuncipha kwendwangu, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise izinga lokuncipha kwendwangu.

02.Izizathu zokuncipha kwendwangu

Izizathu zokuncipha kwendwangu zihlanganisa:

Ngesikhathi sokuphotha, ukuluka, nokudaywa, izintambo ezisendwangu ziyanwebeka noma ziwohloke ngenxa yamandla angaphandle. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imicu yezintambo kanye nesakhiwo sendwangu kudala ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi. Esimeni sokuphumula esomile esimile, isimo sokuphumula esimanzi esimile, noma isimo sokuphumula esimanzi, amazinga ahlukene engcindezi yangaphakathi ayakhululwa ukuze kubuyiselwe imicu nendwangu esimweni sazo sokuqala.

Izintambo ezihlukahlukene kanye nezindwangu zazo zinezinga elihlukile lokunciphisa, ikakhulukazi kuye ngokuthi izici zezintambo zabo - izintambo ze-hydrophilic zinezinga elikhulu lokunciphisa, njengekotini, ilineni, i-viscose nezinye izintambo; Kodwa-ke, imicu ye-hydrophobic inokuncipha okuncane, njengemicu yokwenziwa.

Uma imicu isesimweni esimanzi, ivuvukala ngaphansi kwesenzo sokucwiliswa, okubangela ukuba ububanzi bemicu bukhule. Isibonelo, ezindwangu, lokhu kuphoqelela i-radius yokugoba yezintambo ezindaweni zokuluka zendwangu ukuthi zande, okuholela ekunciphiseni ubude bendwangu. Isibonelo, imicu kakotini ikhukhumala ngaphansi kokusebenza kwamanzi, ikhulisa indawo yayo ephambanayo ngo-40-50% nobude ngo-1-2%, kuyilapho imicu yokwenziwa ngokuvamile ibonisa ukushwabana okushisayo, njengokuncipha kwamanzi abilayo, cishe ngo-5%.

Ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa, ukwakheka nobukhulu bemicu yendwangu iyashintsha futhi inciphe, kodwa ayikwazi ukubuyela esimweni sayo sokuqala ngemva kokupholisa, okubizwa ngokuthi i-fiber thermal shrinkage. Iphesenti lobude ngaphambi nangemuva kokuncipha kokushisa kubizwa ngokuthi izinga lokuncipha okushisayo, ngokuvamile elivezwa njengephesenti lokushwabana kobude befayibha emanzini abilayo ku-100 ℃; Kungenzeka futhi ukukala iphesenti lokushwabana emoyeni oshisayo ngaphezu kuka-100 ℃ usebenzisa indlela yomoya oshisayo, noma ukukala iphesenti lokushwabana kwesitimu ngaphezu kuka-100 ℃ usebenzisa indlela yesitimu. Ukusebenza kwemicu kuyahlukahluka ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene ezifana nesakhiwo sangaphakathi, izinga lokushisa lokushisa, nesikhathi. Isibonelo, lapho kucutshungulwa imicu ye-polyester eyisisekelo, izinga lokuncipha kwamanzi abilayo lingu-1%, izinga lokuncipha kwamanzi abilayo le-vinylon lingu-5%, kanti izinga lokuncipha komoya oshisayo we-chloroprene lingu-50%. Ukuzinza kwe-dimensional kwamafayibha ekucutshungulweni kwendwangu kanye nezindwangu kuhlobene eduze, okunikeza isisekelo esithile sokuklanywa kwezinqubo ezilandelayo.

03.Izinga lokushwabana kwezindwangu ezahlukene

Ngokombono wezinga lokuncipha, ezincane kunazo zonke ziyizintambo zokwenziwa kanye nezindwangu ezihlanganisiwe, ezilandelwa yizindwangu zoboya nelineni, izindwangu zekotini phakathi, izindwangu zesilika ezinokuncipha okukhulu, futhi ezinkulu kunazo zonke ziyizintambo ze-viscose, ukotini wokufakelwa, nezindwangu zoboya zokwenziwa.

Izinga lokushwabana kwezindwangu ezijwayelekile yilo:

Ukotini 4% -10%;

I-Chemical fiber 4% -8%;

I-polyester kakotini 3.5% -55%;

I-3% yendwangu emhlophe yemvelo;

3% -4% wendwangu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yoboya;

I-Poplin ingu-3-4%;

Indwangu yezimbali yi-3-3.5%;

Indwangu ye-Twill ingu-4%;

Indwangu yomsebenzi yi-10%;

Ukotini wokwenziwa ngu-10%

04.Izinto ezithinta izinga lokuncipha

Izinto zokusetshenziswa: Izinga lokushwabana kwezindwangu liyahlukahluka kuye ngezinto ezingavuthiwe ezisetshenzisiwe. Ngokuvamile, imicu emunca umswakama ophezulu izokhula, ikhule ngobubanzi, ibe mfushane ngobude, futhi ibe nezinga eliphakeme lokushwabana ngemva kokucwiliswa emanzini. Uma eminye imicu ye-viscose inezinga lokumunca amanzi elifika ku-13%, kuyilapho izindwangu zokwenziwa ze-fiber zingamumuki kahle umswakama, izinga lokushwabana kwazo lincane.

Ukuminyana: Izinga lokushwabana liyahlukahluka kuye ngokuminyana kwendwangu. Uma ukuminyana kwe-longitudinal kanye ne-latitudinal kufana, amazinga abo okuncipha kwe-longitudinal kanye ne-latitudinal nawo ayafana. Indwangu ene-warp density izoba nokuncipha okukhulu kwe-warp, kuyilapho indwangu enobuningi be-weft obuphezulu kunokuminyana kwe-warp izoba nokuncipha okukhulu kwe-weft.

Ubukhulu bezintambo: Izinga lokushwabana kwezindwangu liyahlukahluka kuye ngogqinsi lwesibalo sentambo. Izingubo ezinohlamvu olumahhadlahhadla zinezinga eliphezulu lokushwabana, kuyilapho izindwangu ezinohlamvu oluhle zinezinga eliphansi lokushwabana.

Inqubo yokukhiqiza: Izinqubo ezahlukene zokukhiqiza izindwangu ziholela emazingeni ahlukene okushwabana. Ngokuvamile, ngesikhathi sokuluka nokudaya nokuqeda inqubo yezindwangu, imicu idinga ukwelulwa izikhathi eziningi, futhi isikhathi sokucubungula side. Izinga lokuncipha kwezindwangu ezinomfutho ophezulu osetshenzisiwe liphezulu, futhi ngokuphambene nalokho.

Ukwakheka kwefiber: Imicu yezitshalo zemvelo (njengokotini nelineni) nemicu yezitshalo evuselelwe (njenge-viscose) ijwayele ukumuncwa umswakama nokwanda uma kuqhathaniswa nemicu yokwenziwa (njenge-polyester ne-acrylic), okuholela ekuncipheni okuphezulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uvolo ujwayele ukusika ngenxa yesakhiwo sesikali endaweni yefayibha, okuthinta ukuzinza kwawo kwe-dimensional.

Isakhiwo sendwangu: Ngokuvamile, ukuzinza kwe-dimensional kwezindwangu ezilukiwe kungcono kunezindwangu eziboshwe; Ukuzinza kwe-dimensional kwezindwangu eziphakeme kakhulu kungcono kunezindwangu eziphansi. Ezindwangu ezilukiwe, izinga lokushwabana kwezindwangu ezilula ngokuvamile liphansi kunele-flannel; Ezindwangu ezilukiwe, izinga lokushwabana kwezindwangu ezilukiwe ezingenalutho liphansi kunaleso sezindwangu ezinezimbambo.

Inqubo yokukhiqiza nokucubungula: Ngenxa yokwelula okungenakugwenywa kwendwangu ngomshini ngesikhathi sokudaya, ukuphrinta, nokuqedwa, ukungezwani kukhona endwangu. Kodwa-ke, izindwangu zingakwazi ukukhulula kalula ukungezwani lapho zivezwe emanzini, ngakho-ke singase sibone ukuncipha ngemva kokugeza. Ezinqubweni ezingokoqobo, ngokuvamile sisebenzisa i-pre shrinkage ukuxazulula le nkinga.

Inqubo yokunakekelwa kokugeza: Ukunakekelwa kokugeza kuhlanganisa ukuwasha, ukomisa, noku-ayina, okuzothinta ukushwabana kwendwangu. Isibonelo, amasampuli ageza izandla anokuqina okungcono kwe-dimensional kunamasampuli awashwa ngomshini, futhi izinga lokushisa lokugeza liphinde libe nomthelela ekuzinzeni kwawo kobukhulu. Ngokuvamile, lapho izinga lokushisa liphakeme, izinga lokushisa liyancipha.

Indlela yokomisa yesampula nayo inomthelela omkhulu ekushwabaneni kwendwangu. Izindlela zokomisa ezivame ukusetshenziswa zihlanganisa ukomiswa ngama-drip, ukusabalalisa i-mesh yensimbi, ukomisa okulengayo, nokomisa izigubhu ezijikelezayo. Indlela yokomisa i-drip inomthelela omncane kusayizi wendwangu, kuyilapho indlela yokumisa isigubhu esijikelezayo inomthelela omkhulu kusayizi wendwangu, kanti ezinye ezimbili ziphakathi nendawo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhetha izinga lokushisa le-ironing elifanele ngokusekelwe ekwakhiweni kwendwangu kungabuye kuthuthukise ukushwabana kwendwangu. Isibonelo, izindwangu zekotini nezelineni zingathuthukisa izinga lokuncishiswa kosayizi ngoku-ayina okunezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Kodwa akukhona ukuthi amazinga okushisa aphezulu angcono. Ngemicu yokwenziwa, i-ironing ephezulu yokushisa ayikwazi nje ukuthuthukisa ukuncipha kwayo, kodwa futhi ingalimaza ukusebenza kwayo, njengokwenza indwangu ibe nzima futhi ibe brittle.

05.Indlela yokuhlola ukuncipha

Izindlela zokuhlola ezivame ukusetshenziswa zokushwabana kwendwangu zifaka umusi owomile nokugeza.

Ukuthatha ukuhlolwa kokugeza amanzi njengesibonelo, inqubo yokuhlola izinga lokuncipha kanye nendlela imi kanje:

Ukusampula: Thatha amasampula eqoqweni elifanayo lezindwangu, okungenani amamitha angu-5 ukusuka ekhanda lendwangu. Isampula yendwangu ekhethiwe akufanele ibe namaphutha athinta imiphumela. Isampula kufanele ifaneleke ukugezwa ngamanzi, ububanzi obuyi-70cm kuya ku-80cm yesikwele sebhulokhi. Ngemva kokubeka ngokwemvelo amahora angu-3, ​​beka isampula engu-50cm * 50cm phakathi nendwangu, bese usebenzisa ipeni lekhanda lebhokisi ukudweba imigqa emaphethelweni.

Umdwebo oyisampula: Beka isampula endaweni eyisicaba, bushelelezi ama-creases kanye nokungahambi kahle, ungaluleki, futhi ungasebenzisi amandla lapho udweba imigqa ukuze ugweme ukugudluzwa.

Isampula eliwashwe ngamanzi: Ukuvimbela ukushintsha kombala kwendawo yokumaka ngemva kokugeza, kuyadingeka ukuthunga (indwangu elukiwe enezingqimba ezimbili, indwangu elukiwe yongqimba olulodwa). Lapho uthunga, kufanele kuthungwe uhlangothi lwe-warp nohlangothi lwe-latitude lwendwangu elukiwe kuphela, futhi indwangu elukiwe kufanele ithungwe kuzo zonke izinhlangothi ezine ngokunwebeka okufanele. Izindwangu ezimahhadlahhadla noma ezihlakazeke kalula kufanele zigoqwe ngemicu emithathu kuzo zonke izinhlangothi ezine. Ngemva kokuba imoto eyisampula isilungile, yibeke emanzini afudumele angu-30 degrees Celsius, iwashe ngomshini wokuwasha, womise ngesomisi noma ngomoya womise ngokwemvelo, bese uyipholisa kahle imizuzu engu-30 ngaphambi kokwenza izilinganiso zangempela.

Ukubala: Izinga lokuncipha=(usayizi ngaphambi kokuwashwa - usayizi ngemva kokuwashwa)/usayizi ngaphambi kokuwashwa x 100%. Ngokuvamile, izinga lokuncipha kwezindwangu kuzo zombili izikhombisi-ndlela ze-warp ne-weft lidinga ukulinganiswa.