Uhlu lokuhlolwa kwamathoyizi kanye nesitifiketi emazweni ahlukahlukene:
EN71 EU Ithoyizi Elijwayelekile, ASTMF963 US Toy Standard, CHPA Canada Toy Standard, GB6675 China Toy Standard, GB62115 China Electric Toy Safety Standard, EN62115 EU Electric Toy Safety Standard, ST2016 Japanese Toy Safety Standard, AS/NZS ISO 8124 Australia/New Zealand Toy Amazinga Wokuhlola. Mayelana nesitifiketi samathoyizi, izwe ngalinye linamazinga alo kanye nemininingwane yalo. Eqinisweni, izindinganiso zamathoyizi zifana nokuhlolwa kwezinto eziyingozi kanye ne-physical and flame retardant.
Okulandelayo kubala umehluko phakathi kwezinga laseMelika kanye nezinga laseYurophu. Isitifiketi se-ASTM sihlukile ezweni lapho kukhishwa khona isitifiketi se-EN71. 1. I-EN71 iyindinganiso yokuphepha yamathoyizi yaseYurophu. 2. I-ASTMF963-96a iyindinganiso yokuphepha yamathoyizi yaseMelika.
I-EN71 iyi-European Toys Directive: I-Directive isebenza kunoma yimuphi umkhiqizo noma into eklanyelwe noma ehloselwe ukudlalwa izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-14.
1,I-EN71 ejwayelekile:Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, ukuhlolwa kwe-EN71 kwamathoyizi ajwayelekile kuhlukaniswe ngezinyathelo ezilandelayo: 1), Ingxenye 1: Ukuhlolwa komzimba kwemishini; 2), Ingxenye 2: ukuhlolwa kokuvutha; 3), Ingxenye 3: test metal esindayo; I-EN71 isebenza kumathoyizi ayi-14 ezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-3, futhi kunemithethonqubo ehambisanayo yokusetshenziswa kwamathoyizi ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-3. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumathoyizi kagesi, okuhlanganisa amathoyizi ashayelwa yibhethri namathoyizi anokuguqulwa kwe-AC/DC. ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi. Ngaphezu kokuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwe-EN71 kwamathoyizi, ukuhlolwa kokuhambisana kwe-electromagnetic nakho kuyenziwa, okubandakanya: I-EMI (imisebe kagesi kagesi) kanye ne-EMS (i-electromagnetic immunity).
Uma sikhuluma ngokuqhathaniswa, izidingo ze-ASTMF963-96a zivame ukuba phezulu kunalezo ze-CPSC futhi ziqine kakhulu. Amathoyizi ezingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-14. I-ASTM F963-96a iqukethe izingxenye eziyishumi nane ezilandelayo: Ububanzi, Amadokhumenti Ayisithenjwa, Izitatimende, Izidingo Zokuphepha, Izidingo Zokulebula Ukuphepha, Imiyalelo, Ukuhlonza Umkhiqizi, Izindlela Zokuhlola, Ukuhlonza, Izinkombandlela Zokuhlanganisa Ubudala, Ukupakisha kanye Ukuthumela, Izinhlobo Zemihlahlandlela Yezimfuneko Zamathoyizi, imihlahlandlela yokuklama yamathoyizi anamathiselwe emikhunjini noma kuma-playpens, izinqubo zokuhlola ukuvutha kwamathoyizi.
I-ASTM iyisidingo sesitifiketi semikhiqizo engena emakethe yase-US: 1. Indlela yokuhlola: Inqubo echaziwe yokuhlonza, ukulinganisa, nokuhlola isici esisodwa noma ngaphezulu, izici, noma izakhiwo zento, umkhiqizo, isistimu, noma isevisi ekhiqiza imiphumela yokuhlolwa. . 2. Ukucaciswa Okujwayelekile: Incazelo enembayo yezinto ezibonakalayo, umkhiqizo, isistimu, noma isevisi ehlangabezana nesethi yezimfuneko, okuhlanganisa nezinqubo zokunquma ukuthi imfuneko ngayinye kufanele ihlangatshezwe kanjani. 3. Inqubo Ejwayelekile: Inqubo echaziwe yokwenza umsebenzi owodwa noma eminingi ethile noma imisebenzi engayikhiqizi imiphumela yokuhlolwa. 4. Amagama ajwayelekile: Idokhumenti enamatemu, izincazelo zamagama, izincazelo zamagama, izincazelo zezimpawu, izifinyezo, njll. 6. Ukuhlukaniswa Okujwayelekile: Ihlanganisa izinto zokwakha, imikhiqizo, amasistimu noma amasistimu wesevisi ngokwezimpawu ezifanayo.
Isingeniso kwezinye izitifiketi ezijwayelekile zamathoyizi:
FIKA:Kuyisiphakamiso sokulawula esibandakanya ukukhiqizwa, ukuhweba kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali. I-REACH Directive idinga ukuthi wonke amakhemikhali angenisiwe futhi akhiqizwa e-Europe kufanele adlule kusethi yezinqubo eziphelele ezinjengokubhaliswa, ukuhlola, ukugunyazwa kanye nemikhawulo, ukuze kube ngcono futhi kuvele kuhlonzwe izingxenye zamakhemikhali ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwemvelo nokuphepha kwabantu.
I-EN62115:Okujwayelekile Kwamathoyizi Kagesi.
Isitifiketi se-GS:isitifiketi siyadingeka ukuze kuthunyelwe eJalimane. Isitifiketi se-GS siyisitifiketi sokuzithandela esisekelwe kuMthetho Wokuphepha Komkhiqizo waseJalimane (i-GPGS) futhi sihlolwe ngokuvumelana ne-EU ehlanganisiwe evamile ye-EN noma i-DIN evamile yezimboni yaseJalimane. Iwuphawu lwesitifiketi sokuphepha saseJalimane oluqashelwa emakethe yaseYurophu.
I-CPSIA: Umthetho Wokuthuthukiswa Kwezokuphepha usayinwe ukusebenza nguMongameli Bush ngo-Agasti 14, 2008. Lo Mthetho umthethosivivinywa wokuvikela umthengi oqinile kusukela kwasungulwa i-Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) ngo-1972. Ngaphezu kwezimfuneko eziqinile zokuqukethwe komthofu emikhiqizweni yezingane. , umthethosivivinywa omusha uphinde wenze imithetho emisha kokuqukethwe ama-phthalates, into eyingozi kumathoyizi kanye nemikhiqizo yokunakekela izingane. I-Toy Safety Standard ST: Ngo-1971, i-Japan Toy Association (JTA) yasungula i-Japan Safety Toy Mark (ST Mark) ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwamathoyizi ezingane ezineminyaka engaphansi kwe-14. Ihlanganisa ikakhulukazi izingxenye ezintathu: izakhiwo zemishini nezomzimba, ezivuthayo. ukuphepha kanye nezakhiwo zamakhemikhali.
AS/NZS ISO8124:I-ISO8124-1 iyindinganiso yamazwe ngamazwe yokuphepha kwamathoyizi. I-ISO 8124 iqukethe izingxenye ezintathu. I-ISO 8124-1 iyisidingo “semishini ebonakalayo” kuleli zinga. Leli zinga lakhululwa ngokusemthethweni ngo-April 1, 2000. Ezinye izingxenye ezimbili yilezi: ISO 8124-2 “Flammability Properties” kanye ne-ISO 8124-3 “Ukudluliselwa Kwezinto Ezithile”.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-07-2022