Njengomhwebi wangaphandle osenebhizinisi iminyaka eminingi, uLiu Xiangyang wethule ngokulandelana imikhiqizo evela kumabhande ezimboni angaphezu kwe-10, njengezingubo zokugqoka eZhengzhou, ezokuvakasha zamasiko eKaifeng, kanye ne-Ru porcelain eRuzhou, ezimakethe zaphesheya kwezilwandle. Izigidi ezingamakhulu amaningana, kodwa ubhubhane olwaqala ekuqaleni kuka-2020 selulethe isiphetho kungazelelwe ibhizinisi lokuhweba langaphandle.
Ubunzima bemboni kanye nokwehla kokusebenza kwenkampani kwake kwenza uLiu Xiangyang wadideka futhi wadideka, kodwa manje, yena nethimba lakhe bathole indlela entsha, bezama ukuxazulula "amaphuzu obuhlungu" ayisisekelo ekuhwebeni kwamanye amazwe ngokusebenzisa " imboni yedijithali”.
Yiqiniso, akuyena uLiu Xiangyang kuphela oguqula abantu abahweba kwamanye amazwe. Eqinisweni, osomabhizinisi abaningi abahweba kwamanye amazwe asebehamba phambili ekuhwebeni kwamanye amazwe isikhathi eside e-Upper Delta kanye ne-Pearl River Delta basheshisa isivinini soguquko.
Kunzima
Idolobha laseShiling eSifundeni sase-Huadu, i-Guangzhou yaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi “Idolobha Lesikhumba”. Bangu-8,000 noma 9,000 abakhiqizi bempahla yesikhumba edolobheni, iningi labo elinamabhizinisi angaphandle. Kodwa-ke, ubhubhane olusha lwe-crown luye lwaholela ekuthengisweni kwamabhizinisi amaningi angaphandle ahweba ngesikhumba ezimpahla zesikhumba kuphazamisekile, ama-oda okuhweba angaphandle kwehle kakhulu, futhi i-inventory yesikhathi esidlule isiphenduke umthwalo onzima endaweni yokugcina impahla. Amanye amabhizinisi ekuqaleni ayenabasebenzi abayi-1,500, kodwa ngenxa yokwehla okukhulu kwama-oda, kudingeke ukuthi badilize abantu abangama-200.
Kwenzeka okufanayo naseWenzhou, eZhejiang. Ezinye izinkampani zasekhaya zohwebo lwangaphandle kanye nezinkampani zezicathulo ze-OEM nazo zihlangabezane nezinkinga ezinjengokuvalwa komsebenzi kanye nokuqothuka ngenxa yomthelela wemvelo yamazwe ngamazwe kanye nalolu bhubhane.
Ekhumbula umthelela walolu bhubhane embonini yezohwebo lwangaphandle eminyakeni yamuva nje, uLiu Xiangyang uthe izindleko zokuthutha, "zisuka kumadola aseMelika angama-3,000 okuqala esitsheni ngasinye, zikhuphuke zaba ngaphezu kwamadola aseMelika angama-20,000." Okubulala kakhulu ukuthi kunzima ukukhulisa amakhasimende amasha aphesheya kwezilwandle, namaCustomer amadala aqhubeka nokulahlekelwa, okugcine kuholele ekwehleni okuqhubekayo kwebhizinisi lokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe.
Umkhulumeli woMnyango Wezohwebo uShu Jueting wake wathi amanye amabhizinisi ohwebo lwangaphandle athintwa yilolu bhubhane futhi abhekana nezinkinga ezihleliwe ezinjengokukhiqizwa nokusebenza okuvinjiwe kanye nokungahambi kahle kwezinto nezinto zokuhamba. Ngaso leso sikhathi, izinkinga ezinjengokwenyuka kwezindleko zempahla eluhlaza, ukungahambi kahle kwemikhumbi emngceleni, kanye nezingqinamba ze-supply chain azizange zincishiswe ngokuyisisekelo, futhi amabhizinisi ohwebo lwangaphandle, ikakhulukazi amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo, abhekene nengcindezi enkulu yokusebenza.
U-Xia Chun kanye no-Luo Weihan, osomnotho abakhulu be-Yinke Holdings, nabo babhale i-athikili ku-Yicai.com, beveza ukuthi ngaphansi komthelela walolu bhubhane, uchungechunge lwezimboni zomhlaba wonke kanye ne-supply chain eklanywe ngokucophelela futhi yakhiwa abantu amashumi eminyaka. entekenteke ikakhulukazi. Amabhizinisi ohwebo lwangaphandle, ikakhulukazi amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo agxile ezimbonini ezisezingeni eliphakathi kuya kweliphansi, azwela kakhulu, futhi noma yikuphi ukushaqeka okubonakala kuncane kungase kulethe igalelo elibi kuwo. Esimeni sesimo esinzima sasekhaya nesamazwe ngamazwe, ukuchuma kwamabhizinisi angaphandle kukude.
Ngakho-ke, lapho idatha yokungenisa nokuthekelisa kweChina engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2022 ikhishwa ngoJulayi 13, uLiu Xiangyang wathola ukuthi nakuba inani eliphelele lokungenisa nokuthekelisa kweChina kwezimpahla engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2022 lalingama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-19.8, unyaka uqhubeka. -ukwenyuka konyaka ngo-9.4%, kodwa Ukunyuka okuningi kubangelwe amandla kanye nempahla eningi. Ikakhulukazi, ebhizinisini lokuhwebelana langaphandle lamabhizinisi amancane naphakathi, nakuba ezinye izimboni zisimama, zisekhona amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi naphakathi asadonsa kanzima kule nkinga.
Idatha yakamuva evela ku-General Administration of Customs ikhombisa ukuthi kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya kuJuni kulo nyaka, ama-oda okuhweba angaphandle awela ezimbonini zezimpahla zabathengi okuhlanganisa izinto zasendlini kanye nomakhalekhukhwini. Phakathi kwazo, imishini yasendlini yehle ngo-7.7% unyaka nonyaka, kanti omakhalekhukhwini behle ngo-10.9% unyaka nonyaka.
Emakethe yezimpahla ezincane e-Yiwu, eZhejiang, ethengisa kakhulu izimpahla ezincane kwamanye amazwe, ezinye izinkampani ezihweba kwamanye amazwe nazo zabika ukuthi ukungaqiniseki okuhlukahlukene okubangelwa ubhadane oluphindaphindiwe kubangele ukulahlekelwa kwama-oda amakhulu, futhi ezinye izinkampani zaze zahlela ukuvala.
Amaphuzu obuhlungu
"Imikhiqizo yaseShayina, emehlweni osomabhizinisi bakwamanye amazwe, ithanda kakhulu 'ukusebenza ngendlela ephumelelayo'." U-Liu Jiangong (igama elingelona iqiniso), uzakwethu ka-Liu Xiangyang, uthe ngenxa yalokho, osomabhizinisi bakwamanye amazwe abathenga imikhiqizo e-China bazoqhathanisa amanani yonke indawo. Bona ukuthi ubani onenani elishibhe kakhulu. Ucaphuna 30, ucaphuna 20, noma 15. Ekupheleni kwentengo, lapho usomabhizinisi wangaphandle ebala, ngisho nezindleko zempahla eluhlaza azanele, ngakho-ke ingakhiqizwa kanjani? Akukhona nje ukuthi banesithakazelo "ekusebenzeni kahle kwezindleko", kodwa futhi bakhathazekile ngokuba shoddy. Ukuze bagweme ukukhohliswa, bazothumela abantu noma baphathise omunye umuntu ukuthi "agibele" eshabhu. .
Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuthola ukwethembana phakathi kosomabhizinisi bakwamanye amazwe kanye nezimboni zakuleli. Osomabhizinisi bakwamanye amazwe bakhathazekile ngekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Ezinye izimboni ezifuywayo, ukuze zithole ama-oda, zizophinde "zigqoke futhi zigqoke". Ibeke endaweni yokusebenzela ebukeka inkulu.
U-Liu Xiangyang uthe lapho “abezinye izizwe” benza imibuzo ngokuthenga izimpahla, bazobuza ngawo wonke amafekthri abangawazi futhi bathenge kuwo. Sekuyimali embi exosha imali enhle, ngisho nosomabhizinisi bakwamanye amazwe babona sengathi “iphansi ngendlela engenakuthenjwa”. Intengo isivele iphansi kakhulu, futhi uma kunenzuzo, ingenziwa kuphela lapho izindlela ezikhona zokuhlola zingakwazi ukuyibona. Yehlisiwe.
Ngenxa yalokho, abanye osomabhizinisi bezinye izizwe abangakhululekile bacabanga "ngamafekthri e-squatting", kodwa akunakwenzeka ukubuka amahora angu-24 ngosuku, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, akunakwenzeka ukubamba ngokunembile izinga lephutha lemikhiqizo.
“Esijwayele ukukwenza (amabhizinisi ezimboni) esikhathini esidlule kwakuwukulahla umkhiqizo noma ukuxhumana ngqo nekhasimende, sehlise isaphulelo, futhi sikhokhise imali encane,” kusho uLiu Jiangong. Kukhona nezimboni ezivele zikufihle. Uma ishoda, uma ungamtsheli (usomabhizinisi wangaphandle) ukuthi angayisebenzisa ngaphandle kwezinkinga, thina (amabhizinisi ezimboni) sizoyibalekela inhlekelele. "Lena yindlela evame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni kwendabuko."
Ngenxa yalokho, osomabhizinisi bakwamanye amazwe basaba nakakhulu ukwethemba amafemu.
U-Liu Xiangyang uthole ukuthi ngemva kwalo mjikelezo ononya, indlela yokuthola ukwethenjwa nokwethenjwa isibe yisithiyo esikhulu embonini yezohwebo zangaphandle. Ukuhlolwa kwendawo kanye nokuhlolwa kwefekthri sekucishe kube yisinyathelo esingenakugwenywa sosomabhizinisi bangaphandle abangasithenga e-China.
Kodwa-ke, ubhubhane oluqale ekuqaleni kuka-2020 lwenze lolu hlobo lobudlelwano bebhizinisi olubona kunzima ukulifinyelela.
U-Liu Xiangyang, ohileleke kakhulu ekuhwebeni kwamanye amazwe, ngokushesha wathola ukuthi isiphepho esibangelwa uvemvane esibangelwa ubhubhane sabangela ukulahlekelwa kuye - umyalo onenani eliphelele lama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-200 wathunyelwa; Izinhlelo zokuthengwa kwempahla nazo zikhanseliwe ngenxa yalolu bhubhane.
"Uma i-oda ekugcineni lingaqedwa ngaleso sikhathi, bekungaba nenzuzo engamashumi ezigidi zama-yuan." U-Liu Xiangyang uthe ngalo myalelo, usexhumane nelinye iqembu isikhathi esingaphezu kwesigamu sonyaka, kanti elinye iqembu nalo selindizele eChina izikhathi eziningi. , Bephelezelwa uLiu Xiangyang nabanye, baya efektri beyohlola imboni izikhathi eziningi. Ekugcineni, izinhlangothi zombili zisayine isivumelwano ekupheleni kuka-2019.
Umyalelo wokuqala wokuhlola inqubo yokugunyazwa kwempahla edayiswayo wakhishwa maduze, nesamba samakhulu ezinkulungwane zamaRandi. Okulandelayo, ngokohlelo, izwe lizothumela abantu ukuthi bayoshutha efektri ukuze bahlangabezane nokukhiqizwa kwama-oda alandelayo. Qagela, ubhubhane selufikile.
Uma ungakwazi ukubona ukufika kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ngamehlo akho, futhi awukwazi ukubona ukukhiqizwa kwe-oda ngamehlo akho, elinye iqembu lingathanda ukungathengi. Kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2020 kuya kuJulayi 2022, i-oda labambezeleka kaninginingi.
Kuze kube manje, ngisho uLiu Xiangyang akakwazanga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi elinye iqembu lizoqhubeka yini nokuqhubekisela phambili i-oda lemali ecishe ibe yizigidi ezingama-200 zamadola aseMelika.
“Kungakuhle uma bekunefemu lapho osomabhizinisi bakwamanye amazwe bengahlala khona ehhovisi ‘baqosheme efemini’ ku-inthanethi.” U-Liu Xiangyang wacabanga ngakho, futhi waqala ukubuza nxazonke, efuna ukuqeda isimo esibucayi samanje sokuhwebelana kwendabuko kwamanye amazwe. Ayecabanga ngakho ukuthi Ungathola kanjani ukwethenjwa kosomabhizinisi bakwamanye amazwe, ukuthuthukisa uhwebo oluvamile lwangaphandle, nokuguqula izimboni zendabuko zibe "izimboni zedijithali".
Ngakho-ke, uLiu Xiangyang noLiu Jiangong, oseneminyaka eyi-10 befunda izimboni zedijithali, bahlangana futhi basungula ngokuhlanganyela i-Yellow River Cloud Cable Smart Technology Co., Ltd. (kamuva ebizwa ngokuthi “i-Yellow River Cloud Cable”), base beyisebenzisa. lokhu "njengemfihlo" yokuhlola ukuguqulwa kwentambo ye-elekthronikhi yohwebo lwangaphandle. izingalo”.
Uguquko
U-Liu Xiangyang uthe ekuhwebeni kwendabuko kwamanye amazwe, kunezindlela ezimbili zokuthola amakhasimende, ku-inthanethi, ngokusebenzisa amapulatifomu afana ne-Ali International, ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, ngokusebenzisa abasabalalisi bangaphandle, kodwa ngokuthengiselana kwe-oda, zombili izindlela zingabonisa imikhiqizo ku-inthanethi kuphela. Idatha yemboni yesikhathi sangempela ayikwazi ukuboniswa kumakhasimende.
Kodwa-ke, ku-Yellow River Cloud Cable, ayikwazi kuphela ukuvula imboni yedijithali kumakhasimende ngesikhathi sangempela, kodwa futhi ibonise idatha yesikhathi sangempela yama-node angaphezu kuka-100 ohlelweni lokukhiqiza ikhebula, yiziphi izincazelo, izinto zokwakha kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa. esetshenziswa, kanye nokuthi impahla kufanele isetshenziswe nini. Ukusebenza nokugcinwa, isikhathi esingakanani kuze kuqedwe i-oda ekugcineni, kungaboniswa ngesikhathi sangempela ngesizinda sekhompyutha.
“Phambilini osomabhizinisi bakwamanye amazwe bekumele baye emhlanganweni wokucobelelana ngolwazi ukuze babone imininingwane. Manje, lapho bevula ikhompuyutha, bangabona idatha yesikhathi sangempela yomshini wethu ngamunye.” U-Liu Jiangong usebenzise isifaniso esicacile ukuze athi manje, amakhasimende ayabona Inqubo yokukhiqiza umkhiqizo ifana nomjikelezo wempilo yomuntu. Kusukela ekuzalweni kwengane kuya ekukhuleni nasekukhuleni, kungabonakala shazi: kusukela enqwabeni yethusi, umsuka nokwakheka kwale nqwaba, bese kuya emaphuzwini ahambisanayo ngemva kwenodi ngayinye. Idatha yokukhiqiza, imingcele, kanye nevidiyo yesikhathi sangempela nezithombe, amakhasimende angabuka ngesikhathi sangempela ngokusebenzisa isizinda sekhompyutha. “Ngisho noma kuwumkhiqizo osezingeni eliphansi, ungalinganiswa ngokuhlehlayo, ukuthi ikuphi ukuhlobana okubangelwe, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izinga lokushisa lemishini, noma ukusebenza ngokungemthetho kwezisebenzi, noma izinto zokusetshenziswa ezingafanelekile ngokwazo.”
Isiphetho esisodwa sixhuma ezimbonini ezihlakaniphile, kanti esinye sithuthukisa uhwebo lwedijithali. U-Liu Xiangyang uthe inkundla yabo entsha inezimboni ezingaphezu kwe-10 ezisebenza ngokwazo kanye ne-OEM, uhlelo oluphelele lokuhlola nokuhlola, uhlelo oluphelele lokulawula ikhwalithi, kanye nohlelo olugcwele lwe-IoT lokulandela umkhondo. Ngakho-ke, nakuba isiku-inthanethi isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga kuphela, iye Idonse ukunaka kosomabhizinisi bakwamanye amazwe. Amanye amakhasimende amadala asebenze ngokubambisana iminyaka eminingi nawo azwakalise inhloso yawo yokubambisana. "Okwamanje, inani lemibuzo selifinyelele ngaphezu kwezigidi eziyikhulu zamadola aseMelika." U-Liu Xiangyang utshele i-Yicai.com.
Kodwa-ke, uLiu Jiangong uphinde wavuma ukuthi ukwenza kwabo kwe-inthanethi yezimboni okusekelwe ezimbonini zedijithali kusese “phezulu futhi kuphansi”, “Abanye ozakwethu beza kimi ngasese bathi usukhumule 'ibhulukwe langaphansi' lemboni yakho, futhi ngokuzayo , ungakwazi. 'dlala amaqhinga uma uthanda,' elinye iqembu laze lasho ku-Liu Jiangong ngokuncokola, idatha yakho isobala, qaphela lapho umnyango wentela uza kuwe.
Kepha uLiu Xiangyang usazimisele, “Ukwenziwa kwedijithali kwamafektri kuyindlela engenakuvinjwa. Ngokwamukela ukuthambekela kuphela esingasinda. Bheka, asikalibonanga yini ilanga eliphumayo manje.
Futhi abanye ozakwabo abahweba kwamanye amazwe sebeqalile ukuthuthukisa i-e-commerce ewela imingcele ukuze basuse le nkinga.
Inkampani yezicathulo eWenzhou, eSifundazweni saseZhejiang enomlando wokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe izicathulo ezinophawu iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20, yabona ukuthi ontanga yayo basenkingeni yokuvalwa nokuqothuka, futhi yaqala ukuqaphela ukuthi ukuze iphile akumelwe nje kuphela. bathembele enzuzweni encane yohwebo lwangaphandle, kodwa kufanele bandise imigudu yokuthengisa yasekhaya, babambe imigudu yokuthengisa kanye nemikhiqizo ezandleni zabo.
“Ibhizinisi lokuhwebelana namanye amazwe libukeka likhulu futhi lizinzile, kodwa empeleni inzuzo incane kakhulu. Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi isigameko esizumayo sizolahlekelwa iminyaka embalwa yokonga.” UMnu Zhang, umuntu ophethe inkampani, uthe ngenxa yalesi sizathu, base-Alibaba, eDouyin, njll. Isiteji savula isitolo se-flagship futhi saqala uchungechunge olusha lwezimboni kanye nokuguqulwa kwedijithali.
"Ukuguqulwa kwedijithali kunginikeze ithemba elisha lokukhula." Wathi esikhathini esidlule, lapho kwenziwa uhwebo lwangaphandle, i-oda elilodwa lathola izigidi zamapheya ezicathulo, kodwa inzuzo yayiphansi kakhulu futhi isikhathi se-akhawunti sasinde kakhulu. Manje, ngokwethula "ama-oda amancane" Indlela yokukhiqiza "ye-reverse esheshayo" yaqala kusukela ekuhleleni kwamakhulu ezinkulungwane zamapheya ezicathulo, futhi manje kungavulwa umugqa wamapheya angu-2,000 wezicathulo. Indlela yokukhiqiza iguquguquka kakhulu, engagwemi nje kuphela ingozi yokusalela emuva kwe-inventory, kodwa futhi inezilinganiso zenzuzo ephakeme kunangaphambili. .
“Sesineminyaka engaphezu kuka-20 sihwebelana namanye amazwe. Ngemuva kwalolu bhubhane, saqala ukuhlola imakethe yasekhaya. ” UNksz Xie, ophethe inkampani yaseSifundazweni saseGuangdong esebenza ngemikhiqizo yokukhempa ngaphandle, uthe nakuba lolu bhubhane seludale ubunzima ebhizinisini lenkampani lokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe, lapho inkampani iguqukela ekudayiseni kwasekhaya, Ivele igibele umoya wasempumalanga. ukukhempa, manje, ukuthengiswa kwanyanga zonke komkhiqizo wenkampani sekucishe kwaphindeka kabili unyaka nonyaka.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-18-2022