Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi insimbi engagqwali iyinsimbi engeke igle futhi imelana ne-asidi ne-alkali. Kodwa ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, abantu bathola ukuthi amabhodwe ensimbi engagqwali namaketela kagesi asetshenziselwa ukupheka ngokuvamile anezindawo zokugqwala noma izindawo zokugqwala. Kwenzekani ngempela?
Ake siqale siqonde, iyini insimbi engagqwali?
Ngokwezinga likazwelonke le-GB/T20878-2007 "Amabanga Ensimbi Engagqwali Nezinsimbi Ezingamelana Nokushisa Nokwakhiwa Kwamakhemikhali", incazelo yensimbi engagqwali ithi: insimbi engagqwali kanye nokumelana nokugqwala njengezici eziyinhloko, ezinokuqukethwe kwe-chromium okungenani okungu-10.5% kanye nekhabhoni engaba ngaphezu kuka-1.2%. insimbi. Izinhlobo ezimelana nemidiya yokubola kwamakhemikhali (i-asidi, i-alkali, usawoti, njll.) zibizwa ngensimbi engamelana ne-asidi.
Pho kungani insimbi engagqwali imelana nokugqwala?
Ngoba insimbi engagqwali, ngemva kokwakhiwa, izongena ekukhetheni okubanzi kanye ne-passivation ukuze isuse zonke izinhlobo zamafutha, ukugqwala nokunye ukungcola phezulu. Indawo engaphezulu izoba yisiliva efanayo, yenze ifilimu ehambisanayo neminyene ye-passivation, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise ukumelana kwensimbi engagqwali emithonjeni ye-oxidizing. Izinga lokugqwala elimaphakathi nokumelana nokugqwala okuthuthukisiwe.
Ngakho-ke ngefilimu enjalo yokuzijabulisa ensimbi engagqwali, ngeke yini igxume?
Eqinisweni, ekuphileni kwethu kwansuku zonke, ama-ion e-chloride kusawoti anomphumela olimazayo efilimini yensimbi engagqwali, engase ibangele ukuna kwezakhi zensimbi.
Njengamanje, ngokwengqondo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokulimala kwefilimu ye-passivation ebangelwa ion chlorine:
1. Ithiyori yefilimu yesigaba: Ama-ion e-chloride ane-radius encane nekhono elinamandla lokungena. Bangakwazi ukungena kalula izikhala ezincane kakhulu efilimu ye-oxide, bafinyelele indawo yensimbi, futhi bahlanganyele nensimbi ukuze benze ama-soluble compounds, ashintsha isakhiwo sefilimu ye-oxide.
2. Ithiyori ye-Adsorption: Ama-ion e-chloride anekhono eliqinile lokukhangiswa yizinsimbi. Zingakhangiswa ngezinsimbi ngokukhethayo futhi zikhiphe umoya-mpilo endaweni yensimbi. Ama-ion e-chloride nama-ion oksijini ancintisana ngamaphoyinti okukhangisa endaweni yensimbi bese enza i-chloride ngensimbi; I-adsorption ye-chloride nensimbi ayizinzile, yenza izinto ezincibilikayo, okuholela ekugqwaleni okusheshayo.
Ukuhlola insimbi engagqwali:
Ukuhlolwa kwensimbi engagqwali kuhlukaniswe izivivinyo eziyisithupha zokusebenza kanye namaphrojekthi amabili wokuhlaziya
Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza:
Izakhiwo zomzimba, izakhiwo zamakhemikhali, izakhiwo zemishini, ukusetshenzwa, ukuhlolwa kwe-metallographic nokuhlola okungabhubhisi
Iphrojekthi yokuhlaziya:
Ukuhlaziywa kokuqhekeka, ukuhlaziywa kokugqwala, njll.;
Ngaphezu kwamazinga asetshenziswa ukuhlukanisa i-GB/T20878-2007 "Amabanga Ensimbi Engagqwali Nensimbi Engangeni Ukushisa Nokwakhiwa Kwamakhemikhali", kukhona futhi:
I-GB/T 13305
I-GB/T 13671
I-GB/T 19228.1, GB/T 19228.2, GB/T 19228.3
I-GB/T 20878 Insimbi engagqwali kanye namamaki ensimbi amelana nokushisa kanye nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali
Izinga likazwelonke lokuhlolwa kwensimbi engagqwali yezinga lokudla yi-GB9684-2011 (imikhiqizo yensimbi engagqwali). Ukuhlolwa kwensimbi engagqwali yezinga lokudla kuhlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili: izinto eziyinhloko nezinto ezingezona eziyinhloko.
Isebenza kanjani:
1. Ukumaka: Ukuhlola insimbi engagqwali kudinga ukumaka iziphetho zezinto zokuhlola ngopende wemibala ehlukene.
2. Ukuphrinta: Indlela yokudweba isifutho ezingxenyeni (emikhawulweni, ekugcineni kobuso) eshiwo ekuhlolweni, ekhombisa izinga, izinga, ukucaciswa, njll. kwento.
3. Ithegi: Ngemva kokuqedwa kokuhlolwa, okokusebenza kuzofakwa kunqwaba, amabhokisi, namashafti ukuze kuboniswe izinga, usayizi, isisindo, inombolo evamile, umphakeli, njll.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-27-2023