NgoNovemba 2023, imithetho emisha yohwebo lwangaphandle evela ku-European Union, e-United States, e-Bangladesh, e-India nakwamanye amazwe izoqala ukusebenza, ehlanganisa amalayisense okungenisa, ukuvinjelwa kwezohwebo, imikhawulo yohwebo, ukugunyazwa kokuvunyelwa kwempahla ethengiswayo nezinye izici.
Imithetho emisha yohwebo lwangaphandle ngoNovemba
1. Inqubomgomo yentela yezimpahla ezibuyisiwe ezithunyelwe nge-e-commerce ewela umngcele iyaqhubeka nokusetshenziswa
2. Umnyango Wezohwebo: Ukususwa okuphelele kwemikhawulo ekutshalweni kwezimali kwamanye amazwe ekukhiqizeni
3. Izinga lokuthwala impahla linyukile emizileni eminingi emikhulu phakathi kwe-Asia, i-Europe kanye ne-Europe.
4. I-Netherlands ikhulula izimo zokungenisa ukudla okuhlanganisiwe
5. I-Bangladesh isebenzisa imihlahlandlela emisha yokuqinisekisa okuphelele kwenani lezimpahla ezingenisiwe nezithunyelwa ngaphandle
6. I-United States ivumela izinkampani ezimbili zaseKorea ukuthi zinikeze imishini ezimbonini zayo zaseShayina
7. I-United States iqinisa imikhawulo ekuthunyelweni kwe-chip e-China futhi
8. I-India ivumela ukungeniswa kwamakhompyutha aphathekayo namaphilisi ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa
9. I-India icela izimboni ukuthi ziyeke ukungenisa i-jute eluhlaza
10. I-Malaysia icabanga ukuvimbela i-TikTok e-commerce
11. I-EU iphasisa ukuvinjelwa kwama-microplastic ezimonyoni
12. I-EU ihlela ukuvimbela ukukhiqizwa, ukungenisa nokuthekelisa kwamanye amazwe izigaba eziyisikhombisa zemikhiqizo equkethe i-mercury.
1. Inqubomgomo yentela yezimpahla ezibuyisiwe ezithunyelwe nge-e-commerce ewela umngcele iyaqhubeka nokusetshenziswa
Ukuze kusekelwe ukuthuthukiswa okusheshiswayo kwamafomethi amasha ebhizinisi namamodeli afana ne-e-commerce ewela umngcele, uMnyango Wezezimali, Ukuphathwa Okujwayelekile Kwezokuthutha, kanye Nokuphathwa Kwentela Kwezwe muva nje kukhiphe ngokuhlanganyela isimemezelo sokuqhubeka nokuqaliswa kwe inqubomgomo yentela ezimpahleni ezibuyisiwe ezithunyelwe nge-e-commerce ewela umngcele. Isimemezelo sibeka ukuthi izimemezelo zokuthumela ngaphandle ngaphansi kwamakhodi okuqondisa amasiko e-e-commerce awela umngcele (1210, 9610, 9710, 9810) phakathi kukaJanuwari 30, 2023 kanye noDisemba 31, 2025, futhi phakathi nezinyanga ezingu-6 kusukela ngosuku lokuthunyelwa ngaphandle, ngenxa Izimpahla (ngaphandle kokudla) ezingathengeki futhi ezibuyiselwe esimweni sazo ngenxa yezizathu zokuthi zibuye ukhululiwe emithendelekweni yokungenisa, intela ye-value-added, kanye nentela yokusetshenziswa. Imisebenzi yokuthekelisa eqoqwe ngesikhathi sokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ivunyelwe ukubuyiselwa imali.
2. Umnyango Wezohwebo: Ukususwa okuphelele kwemikhawulo ekutshalweni kwezimali kwamanye amazwe ekukhiqizeni
Muva nje, izwe lami limemezele ukuthi "lizoyisusa ngokuphelele imingcele ekufinyeleleni kokutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe emkhakheni wezokukhiqiza." Landela ngenkuthalo imithetho yamazwe ngamazwe esezingeni eliphezulu yezomnotho nezohwebo, yakha indawo yokuhlola ukuhweba kwamahhala esezingeni eliphezulu, futhi usheshise ukwakhiwa kwe-Hainan Free Trade Port. Ukukhuthaza ukuxoxisana nokusayinwa kwezivumelwano zohwebo lwamahhala kanye nezivumelwano zokuvikela ukutshalwa kwezimali namazwe amaningi asebenzisanayo.
3. Izinga lokuthwala impahla linyukile emizileni eminingi emikhulu phakathi kwe-Asia, i-Europe kanye ne-Europe.
Amanani ezimpahla emizileni emikhulu yokuthutha amakhonteyina aphinde akhuphuka ebhodini lonkana, amanani ezimpahla emzileni we-Asia-Europe akhuphuka. Amanani ezimpahla emizileni emikhulu yokuthutha amakhonteyna aphinde akhuphuka kulo lonke leli sonto. Amanani ezimpahla emizileni yaseYurophu-yaseYurophu anyuke ngo-32.4% kanye no-10.1% inyanga nenyanga ngokulandelana. Amanani ezimpahla emizileni yase-US-West kanye nase-US-East anyuke inyanga nenyanga ngokulandelana. 9.7% kanye 7.4%.
4. I-Netherlands ikhulula izimo zokungenisa ukudla okuhlanganisiwe
Muva nje, i-Dutch Food and Consumer Product Safety Authority (i-NVWA) ikhiphe izimo zokungenisa ukudla ezihlanganisiwe, ezizosetshenziswa kusukela ngedethi yokukhishwa. okuqukethwe okuyinhloko:
(1) Injongo kanye nobubanzi. Izimo ezijwayelekile zokungeniswa kokudla okuhlanganisiwe okuvela emazweni angewona awe-EU azisebenzi emikhiqizweni engacutshungulwanga yemvelaphi yezilwane, imikhiqizo yemvelaphi yezilwane engaqukethe imikhiqizo yezitshalo, imikhiqizo equkethe imikhiqizo ecutshunguliwe yemvelaphi yezilwane kanye nemikhiqizo yemifino, njll.;
(2) Incazelo kanye nobubanzi bokudla okuhlanganisiwe. Imikhiqizo efana ne-surimi, i-tuna emafutheni, ushizi wemifino, iyogathi yezithelo, amasoseji kanye nemvuthuluka yesinkwa equkethe ugalikhi noma isoyi akubhekwa njengokudla okuhlanganisiwe;
(3) Izimo zokungenisa. Noma yimiphi imikhiqizo ephuma ezilwaneni emikhiqizweni eyinhlanganisela kufanele ivele ezinkampanini ezibhaliswe yi-EU kanye nezinhlobo zemikhiqizo ephuma ezilwaneni ezivunyelwe ukungeniswa yi-EU; ngaphandle kwe-gelatin, i-collagen, njll.;
(4) Ukuhlolwa okuphoqelekile. Ukudla okuhlanganisiwe kungaphansi kokuhlolwa ezindaweni zokulawula imingcele lapho kungena e-EU (ngaphandle kokudla okuhlanganisiwe okuzinzile eshalofini, ukudla okuhlanganisiwe okuqinile eshalofini, nokudla okuyinhlanganisela okuqukethe kuphela imikhiqizo yobisi namaqanda); ukudla okuhlanganisiwe okuzinzile eshalofini okudingeka kuthuthwe kuqandisiwe ngenxa yezidingo zekhwalithi yezinzwa Ukudla akukhishwa ekuhlolweni;
5. I-Bangladesh isebenzisa imihlahlandlela emisha yokuqinisekisa okuphelele kwenani lezimpahla ezingenisiwe nezithunyelwa ngaphandle
I-“Financial Express” yase-Bangladesh yabika ngo-Okthoba 9 ukuthi ukuze kuvinjwe ukulahleka kwemali engenayo yentela, i-Bangladesh Customs izosebenzisa imihlahlandlela emisha ukuze ibuyekeze kabanzi inani lezimpahla ezingenisiwe nezithunyelwa ngaphandle. Izici zobungozi ezibuyekezwe ngaphansi kweziqondiso ezintsha zifaka umthamo wokungenisa nokuthekelisa, amarekhodi okwephulwa kwangaphambilini, umthamo wokubuyiselwa kwentela, amarekhodi okuxhashazwa kwesikhungo sempahla ebolekiwe, kanye nemboni lapho ongenisa impahla ngaphandle, othumela ngaphandle noma umkhiqizi ayingxenye yayo, njll. Ngokweziqondiso, ngemva kokuvunyelwa kwempahla. wezimpahla zokungenisa nokuthekelisa, amasiko asengakwazi ukuhlola inani langempela lezimpahla ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zokuqinisekisa.
6. I-United States ivumela izinkampani ezimbili zaseKorea ukuthi zinikeze imishini ezimbonini zayo zaseChina
I-Bureau of Industry and Security yoMnyango Wezohwebo wase-US (BIS) yamemezela imithetho emisha ngo-Okthoba 13, ibuyekeza ukugunyazwa okuvamile kwe-Samsung ne-SK Hynix, futhi kuhlanganisa nezimboni zezinkampani ezimbili e-China “njengabasebenzisi bokugcina abaqinisekisiwe” (VEUs). Ukufakwa ohlwini kusho ukuthi i-Samsung kanye ne-SK Hynix ngeke badinge ukuthola amalayisense engeziwe ukuze banikeze imishini ezimbonini zabo e-China.
7. I-United States iqinisa imingcele ekuthunyelweni kwe-chip eChina futhi
Umnyango Wezohwebo wase-US umemezele inguqulo 2.0 yokuvinjelwa kwe-chip ngomhlaka-17. Ngaphezu kweChina, imikhawulo yama-chips athuthukile kanye nemishini yokukhiqiza ama-chip inwetshiwe emazweni amaningi ahlanganisa i-Iran neRussia. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izimboni ze-chip design zaseShayina ezaziwa kakhulu i-Biren Technology ne-Moore Thread nezinye izinkampani zifakwe ohlwini lokulawula ukuthekelisa "uhlu lwebhizinisi".
Ngo-Okthoba 24, uNvidia wamemezela ukuthi uthole isaziso esivela kuhulumeni wase-US esidinga ukuthi izinyathelo zokulawula ukuthekelisa kwe-chip ziqale ukusebenza ngokushesha. Ngokwemithetho emisha, uMnyango Wezohwebo wase-US uzophinde andise ukumbozwa kwemikhawulo yokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe ezinkampanini ezingaphansi kwezinkampani zaseShayina zaphesheya kwezilwandle namanye amazwe nezifunda ezingama-21.
8. I-India iyakuvumelaukungenisa kwama-laptops namaphilisi ngaphandle kwemingcele
Ngo-Okthoba 19, isikhathi sendawo, uhulumeni waseNdiya wamemezela ukuthi uzovumela ukuthunyelwa kwamakhompyutha aphathekayo namaphilisi ngaphandle kwemingcele futhi wethule uhlelo olusha “lokugunyazwa” olwenzelwe ukuqapha ukuthunyelwa kwehardware enjalo ngaphandle kokulimaza ukunikezwa kwemakethe. Ivolumu.
Izikhulu zathi “uhlelo olusha lokuphathwa kwempahla ethengwayo” luzoqala ukusebenza ngoNovemba 1 futhi ludinga ukuthi izinkampani zibhalise inani kanye nenani lempahla ethengwayo, kodwa uhulumeni ngeke anqabe noma yiziphi izicelo zokungenisa ezweni futhi uzosebenzisa idatha ukuqapha.
S. Krishnan, isikhulu esiphezulu ku-Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology of India, uthe inhloso yalokhu iwukuqinisekisa ukuthi idatha edingekayo nolwazi kuyatholakala ukuze kuqinisekiswe uhlelo lwedijithali oluthembeke ngokugcwele. UKrishnan wengeze ngokuthi ngokususelwa kudatha eqoqiwe, ezinye izinyathelo zingathathwa ngemuva kukaSepthemba 2024.
Ngo-Agasti 3 nonyaka, i-India yamemezela ukuthi izovimbela ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kwamakhompyutha omuntu siqu, okuhlanganisa nama-laptop nama-tablet, futhi izinkampani kuzodingeka zifake izicelo zelayisensi kusengaphambili ukuze zingakhokhi. Isinyathelo saseNdiya siwukuthuthukisa kakhulu imboni yayo yokukhiqiza izinto zikagesi kanye nokunciphisa ukuncika ekuthengeni kwamanye amazwe. Kodwa-ke, i-India yahlehlisa ngokushesha lesi sinqumo ngenxa yokugxekwa yizimboni kanye nohulumeni wase-US.
9. I-India icela izimboni ukuthi ziyeke ukungenisa i-jute eluhlaza
Uhulumeni waseNdiya usanda kucela izigayo zendwangu ukuthi ziyeke ukungenisa impahla eluhlaza ngenxa yokugcwala emakethe yasekhaya. IHhovisi likaKhomishana weJute, uMnyango Wezindwangu, liyalele abathenga kwamanye amazwe ukuthi banikeze imibiko yansuku zonke yokwenziwa komsebenzi ngendlela enqunyiwe ngoDisemba. Ihhovisi liphinde lacela izigayo ukuthi zingangenisi okuhlukile kwe-jute ye-TD 4 kuya ku-TD 8 (ngokwesigaba esidala esisetshenziswa kwezohwebo) njengoba lezi zinhlobonhlobo zitholakala ngokutholakala okwanele emakethe yasekhaya.
10.I-Malaysia icabanga ukuvinjelwaI-TikToke-commerce
Ngokwemibiko yakamuva yezindaba zakwamanye amazwe, uhulumeni waseMalaysia ubuyekeza inqubomgomo efana nohulumeni wase-Indonesia futhi ucabanga ukuvimbela ukuthengiselana nge-e-commerce enkundleni yezokuxhumana i-TikTok. Isizinda sale nqubomgomo siphendula ukukhathazeka kwabathengi mayelana nokuncintisana kwentengo yomkhiqizo kanye nezindaba zobumfihlo bedatha ku-TikTok Shop.
11.I-EU iphasisa ukuvinjelwa kwama-microplastic ezimonyoni
Ngokwemibiko, i-European Commission iphasise ukuvinjelwa kokwengeza izinto ezincane zepulasitiki ezifana ne-bulk glitter kuzimonyo. Ukuvinjelwa kusebenza kuyo yonke imikhiqizo ekhiqiza ama-microplastics uma isetshenziswa futhi ihlose ukuvimbela amathani angama-500,000 ama-microplastics ukuthi angangeni emvelweni. Izici eziyinhloko zezinhlayiya zepulasitiki ezihilelekile ekuvinjweni ukuthi zincane kunamamilimitha amahlanu, azincibiliki emanzini futhi kunzima ukuwohloka. Izihlanzi, umanyolo nezibulala-zinambuzane, amathoyizi nemikhiqizo yemithi kungase kudingeke ukuthi kungabi nama-microplastics esikhathini esizayo, kuyilapho imikhiqizo yezimboni ingakhawulelwe okwamanje. Ukuvinjelwa kuzoqala ukusebenza ngo-Okthoba 15. Iqoqo lokuqala lezimonyo eziqukethe i-loose glitter zizoyeka ukuthengisa ngokushesha, futhi eminye imikhiqizo izoba ngaphansi kwezidingo zenkathi yenguquko.
12.IEUuhlela ukuvimbela ukukhiqizwa, ukungenisa nokuthekelisa kwamanye amazwe izigaba eziyisikhombisa zemikhiqizo equkethe i-mercury
Muva nje, i-European Union Journal ishicilele i-European Commission Delegation Regulation (EU) 2023/2017, ehlela ukuvimbela ukuthekelisa, ukungenisa nokukhiqiza izigaba eziyisikhombisa zemikhiqizo equkethe i-mercury e-EU. Ukuvinjelwa kuzoqaliswa kusukela ngomhla ka-31 Disemba 2025. Ngokukhethekile kufaka phakathi: amalambu ahlanganisiwe we-fluorescent; izibani ezibandayo ze-cathode fluorescent (CCFL) nezibani zangaphandle ze-electrode fluorescent (EEFL) zazo zonke ubude zokuboniswa kwe-electronic; ncibilikisa izinzwa zengcindezi, ama-melt pressure transmitters kanye nezinzwa ze-ncibilika ze-ncibilika; amaphampu e-vacuum aqukethe i-mercury; Izikali zamasondo nezinsimbi zamasondo; izithombe namaphepha; ama-propellants amasathelayithi kanye nemikhumbi-mkhathi.
Imikhiqizo ebalulekile ngezinjongo zokuvikela umphakathi kanye nezempi kanye nemikhiqizo esetshenziswa ocwaningweni ikhululiwe kulokhu kuvinjelwa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-07-2023