Maningi kakhulu futhi amasistimu e-ISO angcolile ukuze aqondiswe, ngakho-ke angikwazi ukuthola ukuthi iyiphi okufanele ngiyenze? Ayikho inkinga! Namuhla, ake sichaze ngamunye ngamunye, yiziphi izinkampani okufanele zenze ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwesitifiketi sohlelo olufaneleka kakhulu. Ungasebenzisi imali ngokungafanele, futhi ungaphuthelwa yizitifiketi ezidingekayo!
Ingxenye 1 ISO9001 Uhlelo Lokuphathwa Kwekhwalithi
Izinga le-ISO9001 lisebenza emhlabeni wonke, okungasho ukuthi izinga le-9000 linamandla onke, kodwa ngoba i-9001 iyindinganiso eyisisekelo kanye nengqikithi yesayensi yokuphathwa kwekhwalithi yasentshonalanga.
Ifanele amabhizinisi agxile ekukhiqizeni, kanye nezimboni zesevisi, izinkampani zabaxhumanisi, izinkampani zokuthengisa, njll. Ngoba ukugcizelelwa kwekhwalithi kuvamile.
Ngokuvamile, izinga le-ISO9001 lifaneleka kakhulu emabhizinisini agxile ekukhiqizeni ngoba okuqukethwe ezingeni kulula ukuhambisana nakho, futhi inqubo yokubhalelana icacile, ngakho kunomuzwa wokuhambisana nezidingo.
Izinkampani zokuthengisa zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezimbili: izinkampani zokuthengisa ezihlanzekile nezokukhiqiza.
Uma kuyinkampani yokuthengisa ehlanzekile, imikhiqizo yayo inikezwa ngaphandle noma ithengiwe, futhi imikhiqizo yayo iyizinsizakalo zokuthengisa, kunokukhiqiza umkhiqizo. Ngakho-ke, inqubo yokuhlela kufanele icabangele ubunjalo bomkhiqizo (inqubo yokuthengisa), okuzokwenza uhlelo lokuhlela lube ngcono.
Uma kuyibhizinisi lokuthengisa eligxile ekukhiqizeni elihlanganisa ukukhiqiza, kokubili ukukhiqiza nezinqubo zokuthengisa kufanele kuhlelwe ngakho. Ngakho-ke, lapho ufaka isicelo sesitifiketi se-ISO9001, izinkampani zokuthengisa kufanele zicabangele imikhiqizo yazo futhi ziyihlukanise kumabhizinisi agxile ekukhiqizeni.
Sekukonke, kungakhathaliseki ubukhulu bebhizinisi noma imboni, wonke amabhizinisi okwamanje afanelekela isitifiketi se-ISO9001, esinezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo futhi esilungele noma iyiphi imboni. Kuphinde kube yisisekelo nesisekelo sokuthuthukiswa nokukhula kwawo wonke amabhizinisi.
Ezimbonini ezihlukene, i-ISO9001 ithole amazinga ahluziwe ahlukene, njengamazinga esistimu yekhwalithi yezimboni zezimoto nezokwelapha.
Ingxenye 2 ISO14001 Uhlelo Lokuphathwa Kwemvelo
I-ISO14001 Isitifiketi Sohlelo Lokuphathwa Kwemvelo sisebenza kunoma iyiphi inhlangano, okuhlanganisa amabhizinisi, izikhungo, namayunithi kahulumeni afanelekile;
Ngemuva kokuthola isitifiketi, kungafakazelwa ukuthi inhlangano ifinyelele izindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe ekuphathweni kwemvelo, iqinisekisa ukuthi ukulawulwa kwezinto ezingcolile ezihlukahlukene ezinqubweni ezihlukahlukene, imikhiqizo, nemisebenzi yebhizinisi ihlangabezana nezidingo ezifanele, futhi isungula isithombe esihle senhlalo yebhizinisi.
Izindaba zokuvikela imvelo ziya ngokuya zithola ukunakwa kubantu. Kusukela i-International Organisation for Standardization ikhiphe i-ISO14001 Environmental Management System Standard kanye namanye amazinga amaningana ahlobene, bathole impendulo nokunakwa okusabalele okuvela emazweni emhlabeni jikelele.
Ayanda amabhizinisi agxile ekongiweni kwamandla emvelo asebenzise ngokuzithandela uhlelo lokuphathwa kwemvelo lwe-ISO14001.
Ngokuvamile, kunezimo ezimbalwa lapho amabhizinisi asebenzisa khona uhlelo lwe-ISO14001 lokulawulwa kwemvelo:
1. Naka ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, unethemba lokubona ngokuyisisekelo ukuvimbela ukungcola kanye nokwenza ngcono okuqhubekayo ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lokulawulwa kwemvelo, futhi ukhuthaze inqubo yamabhizinisi ukuthuthukisa imikhiqizo ehlanzekile, ukwamukela izinqubo ezihlanzekile, ukusebenzisa imishini ephumelelayo, nokulahla imfucuza ngokunengqondo. .
2. Izidingo ezivela emaqenjini afanele. Ngezidingo ezinjengabahlinzeki, amakhasimende, ukubhida, njll., amabhizinisi adinga ukuhlinzeka ngesitifiketi se-ISO14001 sohlelo lokuphathwa kwemvelo.
3. Ukwenza ngcono izinga lokuphathwa kwebhizinisi futhi kukhuthaze ukuguqulwa kwamamodeli okuphatha amabhizinisi. Ngokulawula ukusetshenziswa kwezinsiza ezihlukahlukene, sithuthukisa ngokugcwele ukuphathwa kwezindleko zethu.
Kafushane, i-ISO14001 uhlelo lokuphathwa kwemvelo luyisitifiketi sokuzithandela esingase sisetshenziswe yinoma iyiphi inkampani edinga ukuthuthukiswa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukubonakala kwayo futhi kuthuthukiswe izinga layo lokuphatha.
Ingxenye 3 ISO45001 Uhlelo Lokulawulwa Kwezempilo Nokuphepha Emsebenzini
I-ISO45001 iyindinganiso yamazwe ngamazwe eqinisekisa ukuphepha kanye nesistimu yokuphathwa kwezempilo, inguqulo entsha yohlelo lokuqala lokuphathwa kwezempilo nokuphepha (OHSAS18001), elisebenza kunoma iyiphi inhlangano yesistimu yokuphatha impilo nokuphepha,
Inhloso ukunciphisa kanye nokuvimbela ukulahleka kwempilo, impahla, isikhathi, kanye nokulimala kwemvelo okubangelwa izingozi ngokuphatha.
Sivame ukubiza amasistimu amathathu amakhulu ISO9001, ISO14001, kanye ne-ISO45001 ndawonye njengezinhlelo ezintathu (ezaziwa nangokuthi amazinga amathathu).
Lawa mazinga amathathu esistimu amakhulu ayasebenza ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, futhi abanye ohulumeni basekhaya bazohlinzeka ngoxhaso lwezezimali emabhizinisini aqinisekisiwe.
Ingxenye 4 GT50430 Engineering Construction Quality Management System
Noma iyiphi inkampani ebambe iqhaza kwezobunjiniyela bezokwakha, ubunjiniyela bemigwaqo namabhuloho, ukufakwa kwezinto zokusebenza namanye amaphrojekthi ahlobene kufanele ibe nezitifiketi ezihambisanayo zemfundo, okuhlanganisa nohlelo lokwakha lwe-GB/T50430.
Emisebenzini yokubhida, uma uyibhizinisi embonini yezokwakha zobunjiniyela, ngikholwa ukuthi awujwayelene nesitifiketi se-GB/T50430, ikakhulukazi ukuba nezitifiketi ezintathu kungathuthukisa amaphuzu awinile kanye nezinga lokuwina.
Ingxenye 5 ISO27001 Uhlelo Lokulawulwa Kokuphepha Kolwazi
Imboni enolwazi njengomzila wayo wokuphila:
1. Imboni yezezimali: amabhange, umshwalense, izibambiso, izimali, ikusasa, njll
2. Imboni yezokuxhumana: ezokuxhumana, i-China Netcom, i-China Mobile, i-China Unicom, njll
3. Izinkampani zezikhwama zesikhumba: uhwebo lwangaphandle, ukungenisa nokuthekelisa, i-HR, ukuzingela, amafemu e-accounting, njll.
Izimboni ezithembele kakhulu kubuchwepheshe bolwazi:
1. Insimbi, iSemiconductor, Logistics
2. Ugesi, Amandla
3. Ukukhipha (ITO noma i-BPO): I-IT, isofthiwe, i-IDC yezokuxhumana, isikhungo socingo, ukufakwa kwedatha, ukucutshungulwa kwedatha, njll.
Izidingo eziphezulu zenqubo yobuchwepheshe futhi ezifiswa izimbangi:
1. Imithi, Amakhemikhali Amahle
2. Izikhungo zocwaningo
Ukwethula uhlelo lokuphatha ukuphepha kolwazi kungaxhumanisa izici ezihlukahlukene zokuphathwa kolwazi, kwenze ukuphatha kuphumelele kakhulu. Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kolwazi akukhona nje ukuba ne-firewall noma ukuthola inkampani ehlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokuphepha kolwazi 24/7. Kudinga ukuphathwa okuphelele nokuphelele.
Ingxenye 6 ISO20000 Information Technology Service Management System
I-ISO20000 iyindinganiso yokuqala yamazwe ngamazwe mayelana nezidingo zezinhlelo zokuphatha isevisi ye-IT. Ithobelana nomqondo "wokuthambekela kumakhasimende, inqubo egxile" futhi igcizelela ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwamasevisi e-IT ahlinzekwa izinhlangano ngokuhambisana nendlela ye-PDCA (Deming Quality).
Inhloso yayo ukuhlinzeka ngemodeli yokusungula, ukusebenzisa, ukusebenzisa, ukuqapha, ukubuyekezwa, ukunakekela kanye nokwenza ngcono Uhlelo Lokuphathwa Kwesevisi Ye-IT (ITSM).
Isitifiketi se-ISO 20000 sifanele abahlinzeki besevisi ye-IT, noma ngabe bayiminyango ye-IT yangaphakathi noma abahlinzeki besevisi bangaphandle, okuhlanganisa (kodwa kungagcini nje) kulezi zigaba ezilandelayo:
1. Umhlinzeki wesevisi ye-IT
2. Izihlanganisi zesistimu ye-IT nabathuthukisi besofthiwe
3. Abahlinzeki benkonzo ye-IT yangaphakathi noma iminyango esekela ukusebenza kwe-IT ebhizinisini
Ingxenye 7ISO22000 Uhlelo Lokulawulwa Kokuphepha Kokudla
Isitifiketi se-ISO22000 Food Safety Management System singesinye sezitifiketi ezibalulekile embonini yezokupheka.
Uhlelo lwe-ISO22000 lusebenza kuzo zonke izinhlangano kulo lonke uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kokudla, okuhlanganisa ukucubungula ukudla, ukucubungula umkhiqizo oyinhloko, ukukhiqizwa kokudla, ukuthutha, nokugcinwa, kanye nabathengisi kanye nemboni yezokupheka.
Ingasetshenziswa futhi njengesisekelo esijwayelekile sokuthi izinhlangano zenze uphenyo lwezinkampani zangaphandle zabahlinzeki bazo, futhi zingase zisetshenziselwe ukuthola isitifiketi sokuhweba esivela eceleni.
Ingxenye 8 Ukuhlaziywa Kwezingozi ze-HACCP kanye Nohlelo Lwamaphuzu Okulawula Okubalulekile
Uhlelo lwe-HACCP luwuhlelo lokuvikela ukuphepha kokudla oluhlola izingozi ezingaba khona enqubweni yokucubungula ukudla bese lilawula.
Lolu hlelo luhloselwe kakhulu amabhizinisi okukhiqiza ukudla, luqondise inhlanzeko nokuphepha kwazo zonke izinqubo eketangeni lokukhiqiza (elibhekele ukuphepha kwempilo yabathengi).
Yize zombili izinhlelo ze-ISO22000 ne-HACCP ziyingxenye yokuphathwa kokuphepha kokudla, kunomehluko kububanzi bokusebenza kwazo: uhlelo lwe-ISO22000 lusebenza ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, kanti uhlelo lwe-HACCP lungasetshenziswa kuphela ezimbonini zokudla nezihlobene nayo.
Ingxenye 9 I-IATF16949 Uhlelo Lokulawulwa Kwekhwalithi Yemboni Yezimoto
Amabhizinisi afanele isitifiketi sohlelo lwe-IATF16949 afaka: abakhiqizi bezimoto, amaloli, amabhasi, izithuthuthu nezingxenye nezinye izinsimbi.
Amabhizinisi angafanele ukuthola isitifiketi sohlelo lwe-IATF16949 ahlanganisa: izimboni (i-forklift), ezolimo (iloli elincane), ezokwakha (imoto yobunjiniyela), izimayini, ezamahlathi kanye nabanye abakhiqizi bezimoto.
Amabhizinisi okukhiqiza axubile, ingxenye encane kuphela yemikhiqizo yawo enikezwa abakhiqizi bezimoto, futhi angathola nesitifiketi se-IATF16949. Konke ukuphathwa kwenkampani kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana ne-IATF16949, okuhlanganisa nobuchwepheshe bomkhiqizo wezimoto.
Uma isiza sokukhiqiza singahlukaniswa, indawo yokukhiqiza umkhiqizo wezimoto kuphela engaphathwa ngokuya nge-IATF16949, ngaphandle kwalokho yonke imboni kufanele yenziwe ngokuya nge-IATF16949.
Yize umkhiqizi womkhiqizo wesikhunta engumphakeli wabakhiqizi bochungechunge lokuhlinzeka ngezimoto, imikhiqizo enikeziwe ayihloselwe ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni, ngakho-ke ngeke bakwazi ukufaka isicelo sesitifiketi se-IATF16949. Izibonelo ezifanayo zihlanganisa abahlinzeki bezokuthutha.
Ingxenye 10 Isitifiketi sesevisi yangemuva kokuthengiswa komkhiqizo
Noma iyiphi inkampani esebenza ngokusemthethweni ngaphakathi kwe-People's Republic of China ingafaka isicelo sokuthola isitifiketi sesevisi yangemuva kokuthengisa, okuhlanganisa amabhizinisi akhiqiza izinto ezibonakalayo, athengisa izinto ezibonakalayo, futhi ahlinzeke ngezimpahla ezingaphatheki (amasevisi).
Izimpahla ziyimikhiqizo engena endaweni yabathengi. Ngaphezu kwemikhiqizo ephathekayo, izimpahla zihlanganisa nezinsizakalo ezingaphatheki. Kokubili izinto ezithengwayo zezimboni nezabantu abangajwayelekile ziyingxenye yempahla.
Izimpahla ezibambekayo zinesimo sangaphandle, ikhwalithi yangaphakathi, nezinto zokuphromotha, njengekhwalithi, ukupakishwa, uhlobo, ukwakheka, isitayela, ithoni yombala, isiko, njll.
Izimpahla ezingaphatheki zifaka izinsiza zabasebenzi nezobuchwepheshe, ezifana nezinsizakalo zezezimali, izinsizakalo zokubala, ukuhlela ukumaketha, idizayini yokudala, ukubonisana nabaphathi, ukubonisana nezomthetho, ukuklama kohlelo, njll.
Izimpahla ezingaphatheki ngokuvamile zenzeka ngezimpahla ezibambekayo kanye nengqalasizinda ebambekayo, njengamasevisi ezindiza, izinsiza zamahhotela, izinsiza zobuhle, njll.
Ngakho-ke, noma iyiphi inkampani yokukhiqiza, yohwebo, noma yesevisi enobuntu obusemthethweni obuzimele ingafaka isicelo sokuthola isitifiketi sesevisi yangemva kokuthengisa yezimpahla.
Ingxenye 11 Isitifiketi Sokuphepha Kokusebenza Kwezimoto ISO26262
I-ISO 26262 isuselwa kuzinga eliyisisekelo lokuphepha kokusebenza kwemishini kagesi, kagesi, nehlelekayo, IEC61508.
Ibekwe kakhulu ezingxenyeni ezithile zikagesi, izinto zikagesi, izinto zikagesi ezihlelekayo, nezinye izingxenye ezisetshenziswa ngokuqondile embonini yezimoto, okuhloswe ngayo ukuthuthukisa amazinga omhlaba okusebenza kokuphepha kwezimoto zikagesi kanye nemikhiqizo kagesi.
I-ISO26262 yenziwe ngokusemthethweni kusukela ngoNovemba 2005 futhi isineminyaka eyi-6 ikhona. Yamenyezelwa ngokusemthethweni ngoNovemba 2011 futhi isiphenduke indinganiso yamazwe ngamazwe. I-China nayo ithuthukisa amazinga ahambisanayo kazwelonke.
Ukuphepha kungenye yezinto ezibalulekile ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezimoto zesikhathi esizayo, futhi izici ezintsha azisetshenziselwa ukusiza ukushayela kuphela, kodwa futhi nasekulawuleni okuguquguqukayo kwezimoto nezinhlelo zokuphepha ezisebenzayo ezihlobene nobunjiniyela bezokuphepha.
Ngokuzayo, ukuthuthukiswa nokuhlanganiswa kwale misebenzi kuzoqinisa ngokungenakugwenywa izidingo zenqubo yokuthuthukiswa kohlelo lwezokuphepha, kuyilapho kuhlinzeka nobufakazi ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nazo zonke izinjongo zokuphepha ezilindelekile.
Ngokukhula kobunzima besistimu kanye nokusetshenziswa kwesoftware kanye nemishini ye-electromechanical, ubungozi bokwehluleka kwesistimu kanye nokwehluleka okungahleliwe kwehadiwe nakho kuyanda.
Inhloso yokuthuthukisa izinga le-ISO 26262 ukunikeza abantu ukuqonda okungcono kwemisebenzi ehlobene nokuphepha kanye nokuyichaza ngokucacile ngangokunokwenzeka, kuyilapho kunikezwa izidingo nezinqubo ezingenzeka ukuze kugwenywe lezi zingozi.
I-ISO 26262 ihlinzeka ngomqondo womjikelezo wempilo wokuphepha kwezimoto (ukuphatha, ukuthuthukiswa, ukukhiqizwa, ukusebenza, isevisi, ukuchithwa) futhi inikeza ukusekelwa okudingekayo phakathi nalezi zigaba zomjikelezo wempilo.
Leli zinga lihlanganisa yonke inqubo yokuthuthukiswa kwezici zokuphepha ezisebenzayo, okuhlanganisa ukuhlelwa kwezimfuneko, ukuklama, ukuqaliswa, ukuhlanganisa, ukuqinisekiswa, ukuqinisekiswa, nokucushwa.
Izinga le-ISO 26262 lihlukanisa isistimu noma ingxenye ethile yesistimu ibe amazinga emfuneko yokuphepha (ASIL) ukusuka ku-A kuye ku-D ngokusekelwe ezingeni lengozi yokuphepha, u-D eyizinga eliphezulu kakhulu futhi edinga izidingo zokuphepha eziqine kakhulu.
Ngokukhuphuka kwezinga le-ASIL, izidingo zehadiwe yesistimu nezinqubo zokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe nazo zinyukile. Kubahlinzeki besistimu, ngaphezu kokuhlangabezana nezidingo ezikhona zekhwalithi ephezulu, kufanele futhi bahlangabezane nalezi zidingo eziphakeme ngenxa yokwanda kwamazinga okuphepha.
Ingxenye 12 ISO13485 Uhlelo Lokulawulwa Kwekhwalithi Yedivayisi Yezokwelapha
I-ISO 13485, eyaziwa nangokuthi "Uhlelo Lokulawulwa Kwekhwalithi Yamadivayisi Ezokwelapha - Izidingo Zezinjongo Zokulawula" ngesiShayina, akwanele ukumisa imishini yezokwelapha ngokwezidingo ezijwayelekile ze-ISO9000 standard, njengoba iyimikhiqizo ekhethekile yokusindisa izimpilo, esiza. ukulimala, nokuvimbela nokwelapha izifo.
Ngalesi sizathu, inhlangano ye-ISO ikhiphe amazinga e-ISO 13485-1996 (YY/T0287 kanye ne-YY/T0288), abeka phambili izidingo ezikhethekile zesistimu yokuphatha ikhwalithi yamabhizinisi okukhiqiza idivayisi yezokwelapha, futhi yadlala indima enhle ekukhuthazeni ikhwalithi. wemishini yezokwelapha ukuze kuzuzwe ukuphepha nokusebenza ngempumelelo.
Inguqulo yesigungu esiphezulu kuze kufike kuNovemba 2017 yi-ISO13485: 2016 "Izinhlelo Zokulawula Ikhwalithi Zamadivayisi Wezokwelapha - Izidingo Zezinjongo Zokulawula". Igama nokuqukethwe kushintshile uma kuqhathaniswa nenguqulo yangaphambilini.
Izitifiketi nezimo zokubhalisa
1. Ilayisensi yokukhiqiza noma ezinye izitifiketi zemfundo zitholiwe (uma kudingwa yimithetho kazwelonke noma yomnyango).
2. Imikhiqizo embozwe uhlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi efaka isicelo sokuthola isitifiketi kufanele ihambisane namazinga afanele kazwelonke, amazinga emboni, noma amazinga omkhiqizo obhalisiwe (amazinga ebhizinisi), futhi imikhiqizo kufanele iqedwe futhi ikhiqizwe ngamaqoqo.
3. Inhlangano efaka isicelo kufanele isungule uhlelo lokuphatha oluhlangabezana nezindinganiso zesitifiketi okufanele zifakwe isicelo, futhi emabhizinisini okukhiqiza kanye nokusebenza kwemishini yezokwelapha, kufanele futhi athobele izimfuneko zezinga le-YY/T 0287. Amabhizinisi akhiqiza izinhlobo ezintathu zemishini yezokwelapha;
Isikhathi sokusebenza sohlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi ngeke sibe ngaphansi kwezinyanga eziyi-6, futhi kumabhizinisi akhiqiza futhi asebenzisa eminye imikhiqizo, isikhathi sokusebenza sohlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi ngeke sibe ngaphansi kwezinyanga ezi-3. Futhi senze okungenani ucwaningo olulodwa oluphelele lwangaphakathi kanye nokubuyekezwa okukodwa kwabaphathi.
4. Phakathi nonyaka owodwa ngaphambi kokuhambisa isicelo sokuthola isitifiketi, azikho izikhalo ezinkulu zekhasimende noma izingozi zekhwalithi emikhiqizweni yenhlangano efaka isicelo.
Ingxenye 13 ISO5001 Energy Management System
Ngomhla zingama-21 ku-Agasti 2018, i-International Organization for Standardization (ISO) yamemezela ukukhishwa kwezinga elisha lezinhlelo zokuphatha amandla, ISO 50001:2018.
Izinga elisha liye labuyekezwa ngokusekelwe kuhlelo lwango-2011 ukuze lihlangabezane nezimfuneko ze-ISO zamazinga esistimu yokuphatha, okuhlanganisa ukwakhiwa kwezinga eliphezulu okubizwa ngokuthi i-Appendix SL, umbhalo owumongo ofanayo, kanye nemigomo nezincazelo ezivamile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana okuphezulu nolunye uhlelo lokuphatha. izindinganiso.
Inhlangano eqinisekisiwe izoba neminyaka emithathu ukuguqulela kumazinga amasha. Ukwethulwa kwezakhiwo ze-Appendix SL kuyahambisana nawo wonke amazinga e-ISO abuyekeziwe, okuhlanganisa i-ISO 9001, ISO 14001, kanye ne-ISO 45001 yakamuva, okuqinisekisa ukuthi i-ISO 50001 ingahlanganiswa kalula nalawa mazinga.
Njengoba abaholi nabasebenzi bezibandakanya kakhulu ku-ISO 50001:2018, ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kokusebenza kwamandla kuzoba yinto okugxilwe kuyo ukunakwa.
Isakhiwo sezinga eliphezulu emhlabeni wonke sizokwenza kube lula ukuhlanganisa namanye amazinga esistimu yokuphatha, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle nokunciphisa izindleko zamandla. Kungenza izinhlangano ziqhudelane kakhulu futhi kunciphise umthelela wazo endaweni ezungezile.
Amabhizinisi aphumelele isitifiketi sesistimu yokuphatha amandla angafaka isicelo sefekthri eluhlaza, isitifiketi somkhiqizo oluhlaza, nezinye izitifiketi. Sinezinhlelo zoxhaso zikahulumeni ezifundeni ezehlukene zezwe lethu. Uma unezidingo, ungathinta ozakwethu ukuze uthole ulwazi lwakamuva losekelo lwenqubomgomo!
Ingxenye 14 Ukuqaliswa Kwamazinga Empahla Yobuhlakani
Isigaba 1:
Izinzuzo zempahla yobuhlakani kanye namabhizinisi emiboniso - adinga ukuthotshelwa kwezindinganiso;
Isigaba 2:
1. Amabhizinisi alungiselela ukufaka izicelo zezimpawu zokuhweba ezidumile neziziwayo ezingeni ledolobha noma lesifundazwe - ukuqaliswa kwamazinga kungasebenza njengobufakazi obusebenzayo benkambiso yokuphathwa kwempahla yengqondo;
2. Amabhizinisi alungiselela ukufaka izicelo zamabhizinisi obuchwepheshe obuphezulu, amaphrojekthi wokusungula izinto ezintsha, amaphrojekthi okubambisana ocwaningo lwamanyuvesi emboni, kanye namaphrojekthi asezingeni lobuchwepheshe - ukusebenzisa amazinga kungasebenza njengobufakazi obusebenzayo benkambiso yokuphathwa kwempahla yengqondo;
3. Amabhizinisi alungiselela ukuphumela obala - ukusebenzisa amazinga angagwema ubungozi bempahla yengqondo ngaphambi kokuphumela obala futhi abe ubufakazi obusebenzayo bemithetho yenkampani yempahla yengqondo.
Isigaba sesithathu:
1. Amabhizinisi amakhulu naphakathi anezinhlaka zenhlangano eziyinkimbinkimbi ezifana nokuqoqwa kwamasheya kanye nokuba namasheya angakwazi ukulungisa ukucabanga kwawo kokuphatha ngokusebenzisa amazinga;
2. Amabhizinisi anobungozi obuphezulu bempahla yengqondo - Ngokusebenzisa izindinganiso, ukulawulwa kwengozi yempahla yengqondo kungase kufane futhi kuncishiswe ubungozi bokwephulwa komthetho;
3. Umsebenzi wempahla enobuhlakani bengqondo unesisekelo esithile futhi uthemba ukuthi uzofanelana kangcono emabhizinisini - ukusebenzisa amazinga kungamisa izinqubo zokuphatha.
Isigaba sesine:
Amabhizinisi avame ukudinga ukubamba iqhaza ekubhideni angaba yizimpokophelo ezibalulekile zokuthengwa kwezinkampani zikahulumeni nezimaphakathi ngemva kokuqeda inqubo yokubhida.
Ingxenye 15 ISO/IEC17025 Uhlelo Lokuphathwa Kwelabhorethri
Kuyini ukugunyazwa kwelabhorethri
·Izikhungo ezigunyaziwe zisungula inqubo yokuqaphela ngokusemthethweni ikhono lokuhlola/ukulinganisa amalabhorethri kanye nabasebenzi bazo ukwenza izinhlobo ezithile zokuhlola/ukulinganisa.
·Isitifiketi somuntu wesithathu esisho ngokusemthethweni ukuthi ilabhorethri yokuhlola/yokulinganisa inamandla okwenza izinhlobo ezithile zomsebenzi wokuhlola/wokulinganisa.
Izikhungo ezigunyaziwe lapha zibhekisela ku-CNAS e-China, A2LA, NVLAP, njll. e-United States, kanye ne-DATech, DACH, njll. eJalimane.
Ukuqhathanisa kuwukuphela kwendlela yokuhlukanisa.
Umhleli udale ngokukhethekile ithebula lokuqhathanisa elilandelayo ukuze ajulise ukuqonda kwawo wonke umuntu ngomqondo “wokugunyazwa kwaselabhorethri”:
·Umbiko wokuhlola/wokulinganisa uyinkomba yemiphumela yokugcina yaselabhorethri. Ukuthi ingahlinzeka ngemibiko yezinga eliphezulu (enembile, ethembekile, nefike ngesikhathi) emphakathini, futhi ithole ukwethenjwa nokwamukelwa kuzo zonke izinhlaka zomphakathi, sekuyindaba ewumgogodla yokuthi ilabhorethri ingakwazi yini ukuzivumelanisa nezidingo zomnotho wemakethe. Ukuqashelwa elabhorethri kunikeza ngokunembile abantu ukuzethemba ekuthembekeni kwedatha yokuhlola/yokulinganisa!
Ingxenye 16 SA8000 Isitifiketi Esijwayelekile Sohlelo Lokuphathwa Kwezibophezelo Komphakathi
I-SA8000 ibandakanya okuqukethwe okubalulekile okulandelayo:
1) Ukuqashwa kwezingane: Amabhizinisi kufanele alawule ubuncane beminyaka, umsebenzi wezingane, ukufunda esikoleni, amahora okusebenza, kanye nobubanzi bokusebenza obuphephile ngokuhambisana nomthetho.
2) Ukuqashwa okuyimpoqo: Amabhizinisi awavunyelwe ukuzibandakanya noma ukusekela ukusetshenziswa komsebenzi ophoqelelwe noma ukusetshenziswa kwebheyi noma isibambiso emsebenzini. Amabhizinisi kufanele avumele abasebenzi ukuthi bahambe ngemuva kwamashifu futhi bavumele abasebenzi ukuthi basule.
3) Impilo nokuphepha: Amabhizinisi kufanele ahlinzeke ngendawo yokusebenza ephephile nenempilo, avikele ezingozini ezingaba khona nokulimala, anikeze imfundo yezempilo nezokuphepha, futhi ahlinzeke ngenhlanzeko nempahla yokuhlanza namanzi okuphuza avamile.
4) Inkululeko yokuhlangana kanye namalungelo okuxoxisana ngokuhlanganyela: Amabhizinisi ahlonipha ilungelo labo bonke abasebenzi lokusungula nokubamba iqhaza ezinyunyaneni ezikhethiwe futhi bahlanganyele ekuxoxisaneni ngokuhlanganyela.
5) Impatho ehlukile: Amabhizinisi ngeke abandlulule ngokusekelwe kuhlanga, isimo senhlalo, ubuzwe, ukukhubazeka, ubulili, ukuthambekela kokuzala, ubulungu, noma inhlangano yezepolitiki.
6) Izinyathelo zokujezisa: Isijeziso sezinto ezibonakalayo, ukucindezelwa ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba, nokuhlukunyezwa ngamazwi akuvunyelwe.
7) Amahora okusebenza: Amabhizinisi kufanele ahambisane nemithetho efanele, isikhathi esengeziwe kufanele sibe esokuzithandela, futhi izisebenzi kufanele okungenani zibe nosuku olulodwa lweholide ngesonto.
8) Iholo: Iholo kufanele lifinyelele umkhawulo omncane obekwe umthetho neziqondiso zemboni, futhi kufanele kube nanoma iyiphi imali engenayo ngaphezu kokuhlangabezana nezidingo eziyisisekelo. Abaqashi akufanele basebenzise izinhlelo zokuqeqesha ezingamanga ukuze bagweme imithetho yezabasebenzi.
9) Uhlelo lokuphatha: Amabhizinisi kufanele asungule inqubomgomo yokudalulwa komphakathi futhi azibophezele ekuthobeleni imithetho efanele kanye neminye imithethonqubo;
Ukuqinisekisa isifinyezo nokubuyekezwa kwabaphathi, ukukhetha abamele amabhizinisi ukuze baqondise ukuqaliswa kwezinhlelo nokulawula, futhi ukhethe abahlinzeki nabo abahlangabezana nezimfuneko ze-SA8000;
Khomba izindlela zokuveza imibono kanye nokuthatha izinyathelo zokulungisa, ukuxhumana esidlangalaleni nababuyekezi, unikeze izindlela zokuhlola ezisebenzayo, futhi unikeze imibhalo esekelayo namarekhodi.
Ingxenye 17 ISO/TS22163:2017 Railway Certification
Igama lesiNgisi lesitifiketi sikaloliwe lithi “IRIS”. (Isitifiketi sikaloliwe) sakhiwe yi-European Railway Industry Association (UNIFE) futhi sikhuthazwe futhi sisekelwa abakhiqizi abane abakhulu besistimu (i-Bombardier, Siemens, Alstom kanye ne-AnsaldoBreda).
I-IRIS isuselwe kuzinga lamazwe ngamazwe lekhwalithi ye-ISO9001, okuyisandiso se-ISO9001. Yakhelwe ngokukhethekile ukuthi imboni yezitimela ihlole uhlelo lwayo lokuphatha. I-IRIS ihlose ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi nokuthembeka kwemikhiqizo yayo ngokwenza ngcono lonke uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka.
Izinga elisha lemboni kaloliwe yamazwe ngamazwe ISO/TS22163:2017 liqale ukusebenza ngokusemthethweni ngoJuni 1, 2017 futhi lathatha indawo yezinga le-IRIS langempela, okumaka ingqopha-mlando ekuqinisekisweni kwe-IRIS kohlelo lokuphatha ikhwalithi yemboni yesitimela.
I-ISO22163 ihlanganisa zonke izimfuneko ze-ISO9001:2015 futhi ihlanganisa nezidingo eziqondile zemboni yezitimela ngalesi sisekelo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-14-2023